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Adolfo Prada
Adolfo Prada Vaquero (1883–1962) was a military officer of the Spanish Army. He remained loyal to the Republican government during the Spanish Civil War. In December 1936, Prada led a division in the Second Battle of the Corunna Road. In August 1937 he led an Army corps in Cantabria, and on August 29 he was appointed supreme commander of the Republican Army of the North (60,000 men), replacing General Gámir. He tried to reorganize the Republican forces and shot three brigade commanders in order to maintain discipline. However, he could not stop the Nationalist offensive against Asturias and on October 18 he fled from Asturias in order to avoid capture by the Nationalists. On 7 November 1937 he was made commander of the newly established Andalusian Army, a post he held until 14 March 1938. Following the disaster of the Battle of Merida pocket he was made commander of the Extremaduran Army on 31 July 1938, replacing Colonel Ricardo Burillo who had been abruptly dismissed.Fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spain
Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Europe and the fourth-most populous European Union member state. Spanning across the majority of the Iberian Peninsula, its territory also includes the Canary Islands, in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean, the Balearic Islands, in the Western Mediterranean Sea, and the Autonomous communities of Spain#Autonomous cities, autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla, in mainland Africa. Peninsular Spain is bordered to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; to the east and south by the Mediterranean Sea and Gibraltar; and to the west by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. Spain's capital and List of largest cities in Spain, largest city is Madrid, and other major List of metropolitan areas in Spain, urban areas include Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Final Offensive Of The Spanish Civil War
The final offensive of the Spanish Civil War took place between 26 March and 1 April 1939, towards the end of the Spanish Civil War. On 5 March 1939, the Republican Army, led by Colonel Segismundo Casado and the politician Julián Besteiro, rose against the socialist prime minister Juan Negrín, and formed a military junta, the National Defence Council (''Consejo Nacional de Defensa'' or ''CND'') to negotiate a peace deal. Negrín fled to France but the communist troops around Madrid rose against the junta, starting a civil war within the civil war. Casado defeated them and started peace negotiations with the Nationalists. Francisco Franco, however, was willing to accept only an unconditional surrender. On 26 March, the Nationalists started a general offensive and by 31 March, they controlled all of Spanish territory. Hundreds of thousands of Republicans were arrested and interned in concentration camps. Background Fall of Catalonia After the fall of Catalonia in February ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Colonels
Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many countries in the Americas **Spanish cuisine ** Spanish history **Spanish culture **Languages of Spain, the various languages in Spain Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Canada * Spanish River (other), the name of several rivers * Spanish Town, Jamaica Other uses * John J. Spanish (1922–2019), American politician * "Spanish" (song), a single by Craig David, 2003 See also * * * Español (other) * Spain (other) * España (other) * Espanola (other) * Hispania, the Roman and Greek name for the Iberian Peninsula * Hispanic, the people, nations, and cultures that have a historical link to Spain * Hispanic (other) * Hispanism * Spain (other) * National and regional identity in Spain * Culture of Spain The culture of Spain is influenced by its Western ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1962 Deaths
The year saw the Cuban Missile Crisis, which is often considered the closest the world came to a Nuclear warfare, nuclear confrontation during the Cold War. Events January * January 1 – Samoa, Western Samoa becomes independent from New Zealand. * January 3 – The office of Pope John XXIII announces the excommunication of Fidel Castro for preaching communism and interfering with Catholic churches in Cuba. * January 8 – Harmelen train disaster: 93 die in the worst Netherlands, Dutch rail disaster. * January 9 – Cuba and the Soviet Union sign a trade pact. * January 12 – The Indonesian Army confirms that it has begun operations in West Irian. * January 13 – People's Socialist Republic of Albania, Albania allies itself with the People's Republic of China. * January 15 ** Portugal abandons the United Nations General Assembly due to the debate over Angola. ** French designer Yves Saint Laurent (designer), Yves Saint Laurent launches Yves Saint Lau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1883 Births
Events January * January 4 – ''Life (magazine), Life'' magazine is founded in Los Angeles, California, United States. * January 10 – A Newhall House Hotel Fire, fire at the Newhall Hotel in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, kills 73 people. * January 16 – The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States civil service, is passed. * January 19 – The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service in Roselle, New Jersey, United States, installed by Thomas Edison. February * February 15 – Tokyo Electrical Lightning Grid, predecessor of Tokyo Electrical Power (TEPCO), one of the largest electrical grids in Asia and the world, is founded in Japan. * February 16 – The ''Ladies' Home Journal'' is published for the first time, in the United States. * February 23 – Alabama becomes the first U.S. state to enact an Competition law, antitrust law. * February 28 – The first vaudeville th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casado's Coup
Spanish coup of March 1939, in historiography often referred to as Casado's coup (), was a coup d'état organized in the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republican zone against the government of Juan Negrín. It was carried out by the military with support of the Anarchism in Spain, Anarchists and a major faction of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, Socialists; its leader was commander of the Army of the Centre, Segismundo Casado. The conspirators viewed the Negrín government as a hardly veiled Communist dictatorship. Most concluded that the government-endorsed strategy of unyielding resistance against the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalists would produce nothing but further deaths and sufferings while the war had already been lost. The military and some politicians intended the coup as a first step towards opening peace negotiations with the Nationalists; for the Anarchism in Spain, Anarchists and Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, Socialists the prio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ricardo Burillo
Ricardo Burillo Stholle (27 March 1891 – 21 July 1939) was a Spanish police and military officer who played an important role during the Spanish Civil War. As the police chief in Barcelona, he was responsible for the repression and dismantling of the POUM in 1937. Throughout the war, he became commander of several military units, such as the 9th Division, the III Army Corps and the Extremaduran Army. In Franco's historiography, he has been identified as one of the top Republican leaders who was responsible for the murder of the right-wing politician José Calvo Sotelo, an accusation that Burillo always rejected. Life Burillo was born in Córdoba on March 27, 1891, within an aristocratic and conservative family. Ricardo Burillo is described by the historian Hugh Thomas as a "leftist, puritanical, anticlerical and romantic aristocrat" Second Republic Burillo entered the army, where he reached the rank of infantry commander. He participated in the Rif War. Once the Second R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Merida Pocket
The battle of the Mérida pocket, also known as the closing of the Mérida pocket (), was a military engagement which took place during the Spanish Civil War in July 1938 in La Serena zone of Badajoz Province, Extremadura. The Nationalist command engineered an offensive which aimed at wiping out a large Republican salient, potentially threatening the only railway line connecting rebel-held León and Andalusia. The Nationalists planned a pincer movement from the north and from the south of the salient. They grouped 7 infantry divisions against 4 divisions of the Republicans. The campaign was carried out successfully during 5 days and with no major battle having been fought. It left one Republican division trapped in the pocket and few others suffering significant losses. The engagement was neither among the largest battles of the Spanish Civil War nor the one which became a milestone in its history. The Nationalists removed a threat to their logistics and seized some 5,000 squa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mariano Gámir Ulíbarri
Mariano Gámir Ulíbarri (1877 – 28 July, 1962) was a Spanish general who fought on the Republican side during the Spanish Civil War (1936–39). He was Basque, a career soldier, and had no political affiliation. He commanded a brigade on the Aragon front in the early months of the war, then was assigned to command the Basque forces in May 1937. He retreated westward from Basque country in June 1937 when attacked by greatly superior Nationalist forces. Soon after he was given command of the Army of the North, and tried to defend Santander. When this fell, he moved to Asturias, where he was replaced as commander. He escaped, returned to Valencia, and was briefly given command of a brigade, but was moved to a less responsible post due to doubts about his ability. After the war he lived in exile in France, where he wrote his memoirs, before being allowed to return to Spain a few years before his death. Early career Mariano Gámir Ulíbarri was born in 1877 to a Basque family. He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Army
The Spanish Army () is the terrestrial army of the Spanish Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is one of the oldest Standing army, active armies – dating back to the late 15th century. The Spanish Army has existed continuously since the reign of Ferdinand II of Aragon, King Ferdinand and Isabella I of Castile, Queen Isabella (late 15th century). The oldest and largest of the three services, its mission was the defence of Peninsular Spain, the Balearic Islands, the Canary Islands, Melilla, Ceuta and the Spanish islands and rocks off the northern coast of Africa. History During the 16th century, Habsburg Spain saw steady growth in its military power. The Italian Wars (1494–1559) resulted in an ultimate Spanish victory and hegemony in northern Italy by expelling the French. During the war, the Spanish Army transformed its organization and tactics, evolving from a primarily Pike (weapon), pike and halberd wielding force into the first pike and shot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asturias Offensive
The Asturias Offensive (, ) was an offensive in Asturias during the Spanish Civil War from 1 September to 21 October 1937. The Nationalists launched an offensive against the Republicans in eastern Asturias which had recently become an enclave. The Nationalist force of 90,000 men, with support from the Condor Legion and the Corps of Volunteer Troops, attacked the Republican force of 45,000 men composed of Spanish Republican Army soldiers and allied Confederal militias from two directions. The Republicans resisted the much larger Nationalist force until mid-September when their lines were broken and began to lose territory to further offensives. The Nationalist capture of Gijón in late October saw the end of Republican occupation in northern Spain and the end of the War in the North. Background In late August 1937, the Republicans captured the town of Belchite at the Battle of Belchite, but their offensive failed to capture Zaragoza. The Nationalists decided to redeplo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madrid
Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits, second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and its wikt:monocentric, monocentric Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area is the List of metropolitan areas in Europe by population, second-largest in the EU.United Nations Department of Economic and Social AffairWorld Urbanization Prospects (2007 revision), (United Nations, 2008), Table A.12. Data for 2007. The municipality covers geographical area. Madrid lies on the Manzanares (river), River Manzanares in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula at about above mean sea level. The capital city of both Spain and the surrounding Community of Madrid, autonomous community of Madrid (since 1983), it is also th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
