|
Action Of 28–29 December 1669
On 28 December 1669, as the ''Mary Rose'', a third-rate, carrying forty-eight guns, with a crew of 230 men, commanded by Captain John Kempthorn, was convoying a fleet of merchant ships through the Straits of Gibraltar, seven large Algerine corsairs, full of men, stood towards her. Captain Kempthorn ordered the convoy to make sail, while he, single-handed, advanced to engage the foe. The fighting continued into the following day, as the Algerines attacked the ''Mary Rose'' with much fury, and boarded her; but were beaten off with considerable loss. The convoy reached Cádiz in safety. File:Hollar-Kempthorne's Engagement.png, Kempthorne's engagement, engraved by Wenceslaus Hollar (John Ogilby, ''Description of Africa'', 1670) File:Willem van de Velde the Younger (1633-1707) - The "Mary Rose" Action, 28 December 1669 - RCIN 405223 - Royal Collection.jpg, Painting of the action by Willem van de Velde the Younger Willem van de Velde the Younger (18 December 1633 (baptised)6 April 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Straits Of Gibraltar
The Strait of Gibraltar is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Europe from Africa. The two continents are separated by 7.7 nautical miles (14.2 kilometers, 8.9 miles) at its narrowest point. Ferries cross between the two continents every day in as little as 35 minutes. The Strait's depth ranges between . The strait lies in the territorial waters of Morocco, Spain, and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, foreign vessels and aircraft have the freedom of navigation and overflight to cross the strait of Gibraltar in case of continuous transit. Names and etymology The name comes from the Rock of Gibraltar, which in turn originates from the Arabic (meaning "Tariq's Mount"), named after Tariq ibn Ziyad. It is also known as the Straits of Gibraltar, the Gut of Gibraltar (although this is mostly archaic), the STROG (STRait Of Gibraltar) in naval use. Another Arab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corsairs Of Algiers
The ta'ifa of raïs (, ''community of corsair captains'') or the Raïs for short, were Barbary pirates based in Ottoman Algeria who were involved in Barbary pirates, piracy and the Barbary slave trade, slave trade in the Mediterranean Sea from the 16th to the 19th century. They were an ethnically mixed group of seafarers, including mostly "renegades" from European provinces of the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean and the North Sea, along with a minority of Turks and Moors. Such crews were experienced in naval combat, making Algiers a formidable pirate base. Its activity was directed against the Spanish Empire, Spanish empire, but it did not neglect the coasts of Sicily, Sardinia, Naples or Provence. It was the ''taifa'' which, through its seizures, maintained the prosperity of Algiers and its finances. The corsair ''taifa'' of Algiers reached the zenith of its power in the first half of the seventeenth century as an Ottoman military elite, theoritically. Up until 1626, the Algerian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Kempthorne (Royal Navy Officer)
Sir John Kempthorne (c. 1620 – 19 October 1679) was an officer in the English Royal Navy during the Second and Third Anglo-Dutch Wars, who eventually rose to the rank of Vice-Admiral. Childhood and early years Kempthorne was born the second son of John Kempthorne, an attorney of Ugborough, Devon, and his wife Agnes Simon. Little is known about the younger Kempthorne's early life, but his father was a Royalist supporter and had served as a cavalry officer in the English Civil War. While his father was in the military, the younger John Kempthorne embarked on a life at sea. He began his career as an apprentice to the master of a vessel sailing out of Topsham. He soon moved up the ranks and took command of a number of ships of the Levant Company, trading in the Mediterranean. Privateering was common in the Mediterranean, and in 1657 Kempthorne's ship – probably the ''Eastland Merchant'' – was captured after a hard-fought battle by the Spanish privateer Papachino. Kempthorne w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armed Merchantman
An armed merchantman is a merchant ship equipped with guns, usually for defensive purposes, either by design or after the fact. In the days of sail, piracy and privateers, many merchantmen would be routinely armed, especially those engaging in long distance and high value trade. In more modern times, auxiliary cruisers were used offensively as merchant raiders to disrupt trade chiefly during both World War I and World War II, particularly by Germany. While armed merchantmen are clearly inferior to purpose-built warships, sometimes they have scored successes in combat against them. Examples include East Indiamen mimicking ships of the line and chasing off regular French warships in the Battle of Pulo Aura in 1804, and the sinking the Australian light cruiser in their battle in 1941, although ''Kormoran'' was also destroyed and had to be scuttled. Pre-20th century East Indiamen of various European countries were heavily armed for their long journeys to the Far East. In p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Mary Rose (1660)
The ''Maidstone'' was a 40-gun fourth-rate frigate of the English Royal Navy, originally built for the navy of the Commonwealth of England at Woodbridge, and launched in 1654. After the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, her name was changed to ''Mary Rose''. By 1677 the ships armament was increased to 48 guns. She was used in the Anglo-Dutch Wars and the War of the Grand Alliance. John Kempthorne commanded her in 1669, and fought off an attack by seven Algerian corsair ships in the aftermath of the Battle of Cádiz. ''Mary Rose'' was captured by the French French may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France ** French people, a nation and ethnic group ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Arts and media * The French (band), ... in 1691. Notes References *Lavery, Brian (1983) ''The Ship of the Line – Volume 1: The development of the battlefleet 1650-1850.'' Conway Maritime Press. . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Kingfisher (1675)
''Kingfisher'' was a 46-gun fourth-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Phineas Pett III at Woolwich Dockyard and launched in 1675. She was specially designed to counter the attacks of Algerine corsairs, or pirates, in the Mediterranean by masquerading as a merchantman, which she achieved by hiding her armament behind false bulkheads. She also was provided with various means of changing her appearance. Active service In 1679, Commander Morgan Kempthorne, the 21-year-old son of John Kempthorne (Royal Navy officer), John Kempthorne, took command of ''Kingfisher'', sailing her to the Mediterranean with a convoy. Battle with seven Algerines On 22 May 1681, soon after leaving Naples, ''Kingfisher'' encountered seven Algerine men-of-war and a settee (sail), settee. The Algerines tried to deceive the English by changing their colours; first they had French, then Dutch and then some of them Algiers colours. One hoisted an English jack and a Turkish or Algerine flag at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cádiz
Cádiz ( , , ) is a city in Spain and the capital of the Province of Cádiz in the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia. It is located in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula off the Atlantic Ocean separated from neighbouring San Fernando, Cádiz, San Fernando by a narrow isthmus. Cádiz, one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities in Western Europe, was founded by the Phoenicians as a trading post.Strabo, ''Geographica'' 3.5.5 In the 18th century, the Port in the Bay of Cádiz consolidated as the main harbour of mainland Spain, enjoying the virtual monopoly of trade with the Americas until 1778. It is also the site of the University of Cádiz. Situated on a narrow slice of land surrounded by the sea‚ Cádiz is, in most respects, a typical Andalusian city with well-preserved historical landmarks. The older part of Cádiz, within the remnants of the defensive wall, city walls, is commonly refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wenceslaus Hollar
Wenceslaus Hollar (23 July 1607 – 25 March 1677) was a prolific and accomplished Bohemian graphic artist of the 17th century, who spent much of his life in England. He is known to German speakers as ; and to Czech speakers as (). He is particularly noted for his engravings and etchings. He was born in Prague, died in London, and was buried at St Margaret's Church, Westminster. Early life After his family was ruined by the Sack of Prague in the Thirty Years' War, the young Hollar, who had been destined for the legal profession, decided to become an artist. The earliest of his works that have come down to us are dated 1625 and 1626; they are small plates, and one of them is a copy of a "Virgin and Child" by Dürer, whose influence upon Hollar's work was always great. In 1627 he was in Frankfurt where he was apprenticed to the renowned engraver Matthäus Merian. In 1630 he lived in Strasbourg, Mainz and Koblenz, where he portrayed the towns, castles, and landscapes of the Mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Ogilby
John Ogilby, Ogelby, or Oglivie (17 November 16004 September 1676) was a Scottish translator, impresario, publisher and cartographer. He was probably at least a half-brother to James Ogilvy, 1st Earl of Airlie, though neither overtly acknowledged this. Ogilby's most-noted works include translations of the works of Virgil and Homer, and his version of the Fables of Aesop. Ogilby established Ireland's first theatre in Werburgh Street, Dublin, and following the Restoration, that country's first Theatre Royal. Ogilby played a significant part in arrangements for the coronation of King Charles II. Following the Great Fire of 1666, Ogilby's large-scale map of the City of London was founded on precise survey work, and his ''Britannia'' is the first road atlas of England and Wales to be based on surveys and measurements, and drawn to scale. Life Childhood and youth (1600–1618) John Ogilby's birthplace and parentage are historically uncertain; most early biographies of Ogil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Willem Van De Velde The Younger
Willem van de Velde the Younger (18 December 1633 (baptised)6 April 1707) was a Dutch marine painter, the son of Willem van de Velde the Elder, who also specialised in maritime art. His brother, Adriaen van de Velde, was a landscape painter. Biography Willem van de Velde was baptised on 18 December 1633 in Leiden, Holland, Dutch Republic. He was instructed by his father, and around 1650 by Simon de Vlieger, a marine painter of repute at the time, who worked around Weesp. He was also influenced by the work of the Dutch artist Jan van de Cappelle, who excelled at painting cloudy skies, the clouds often being reflected in the calm waters. Willem was married twice. In 1652, he married Petronella Le Maire of Weesp. The pair was married for a mere fifteen months, and in 1653 Van de Velde began proceedings to separate from his wife. At that time, he lived at Buitenkant and likely had a view on the harbour and the Amsterdam Admiralty. From 1655 one of his neighbors was Michiel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conflicts In 1669
Conflict may refer to: Social sciences * Conflict (process), the general pattern of groups dealing with disparate ideas * Conflict continuum from cooperation (low intensity), to contest, to higher intensity (violence and war) * Conflict of interest, involvement in multiple interests which could possibly corrupt the motivation or decision-making * Cultural conflict, a type of conflict that occurs when different cultural values and beliefs clash * Ethnic conflict, a conflict between two or more contending ethnic groups * Group conflict, conflict between groups * Intragroup conflict, conflict within groups * Organizational conflict, discord caused by opposition of needs, values, and interests between people working together * Role conflict, incompatible demands placed upon a person such that compliance with both would be difficult * Social conflict, the struggle for agency or power in something * Work–family conflict, incompatible demands between the work and family roles of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1669 In England
Events from the year 1669 in England. Incumbents * Monarch – Charles II Events * 23 February – Isaac Newton writes his first description of his new invention, the reflecting telescope. * 19 March – Christopher Wren appointed Surveyor of the King's Works. * 31 May – Samuel Pepys records the last entry in his diary, citing poor eyesight. * June – Queen Catherine miscarries. * 9 October – English ship '' Nonsuch'' returns to London with the first products acquired from trade around Canada's Hudson Bay, a cargo of fine furs; the bounty attracts investors for the soon-to-be-chartered Hudson's Bay Company. * 29 October – Isaac Newton appointed Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge. * 26 November – navigator John Narborough sets sail from Deptford to conduct a voyage of exploration in the South Seas. * 18 December – the Battle of Cádiz begins off of the coast of the Spanish city as English warship HMS ''Mary Rose'' encounters seven p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
