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Accumulated Campaign Service Medal Second Award Bar
Accumulation may refer to: Finance * Accumulation function, a mathematical function defined in terms of the ratio future value to present value * Capital accumulation, the gathering of objects of value Science and engineering * Accumulate (higher-order function), a family of functions to analyze a recursive data structure in computer science * Bioaccumulation, of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals in an organism * Glacier ice accumulation, an element in the glacier mass balance formula * Metabolic trapping, a localization mechanism of the synthesized radiocompounds in human body * Tree accumulation, in computer science, the process of accumulating data placed in tree nodes according to their tree structure * Accumulation point, another name for a limit point * Cumulative sum, for example cumulative distribution function In probability theory and statistics, the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a real-valued random variable X, or just distribution f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Accumulation Function
In actuarial mathematics, the accumulation function ''a''(''t'') is a function of time ''t'' expressing the ratio of the value at time ''t'' (future value) and the initial investment (present value). It is used in interest theory. Thus ''a''(0) = 1 and the value at time ''t'' is given by: :A(t) = A(0) \cdot a(t). where the initial investment is A(0). For various interest-accumulation protocols, the accumulation function is as follows (with ''i'' denoting the interest rate and ''d'' denoting the annual effective discount rate, discount rate): *simple interest: a(t)=1+t \cdot i *compound interest: a(t)=(1+i)^t *simple discount: a(t) = 1+\frac *compound discount: a(t) = (1-d)^ In the case of a positive rate of return, as in the case of interest, the accumulation function is an increasing function. Variable rate of return The Rate_of_return#Logarithmic_or_continuously_compounded_return, logarithmic or continuously compounded return, sometimes called Compound interest#Forc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capital Accumulation
Capital accumulation is the dynamic that motivates the pursuit of profit, involving the investment of money or any financial asset with the goal of increasing the initial monetary value of said asset as a financial return whether in the form of profit, rent, interest, royalties or capital gains. The goal of accumulation of capital is to create new fixed capital and working capital, broaden and modernize the existing ones, grow the material basis of social-cultural activities, as well as constituting the necessary resource for reserve and insurance. The process of capital accumulation forms the basis of capitalism, and is one of the defining characteristics of a capitalist economic system.''Capital'', Encyclopedia on Marxists.org: http://marxists.org/glossary/terms/c/a.htm#capital Definition In economics and accounting, capital accumulation is often equated with investment of profit income or savings, especially in real capital goods. The concentration and centralisa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Accumulate (higher-order Function)
In functional programming, fold (also termed reduce, accumulate, aggregate, compress, or inject) refers to a family of higher-order functions that analyze a recursive data structure and through use of a given combining operation, recombine the results of recursively processing its constituent parts, building up a return value. Typically, a fold is presented with a combining function, a top node of a data structure, and possibly some default values to be used under certain conditions. The fold then proceeds to combine elements of the data structure's hierarchy, using the function in a systematic way. Folds are in a sense dual to unfolds, which take a ''seed'' value and apply a function corecursively to decide how to progressively construct a corecursive data structure, whereas a fold recursively breaks that structure down, replacing it with the results of applying a combining function at each node on its terminal values and the recursive results ( catamorphism, versus anamorph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bioaccumulation
Bioaccumulation is the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or other chemicals, in an organism. Bioaccumulation occurs when an organism absorbs a substance faster than it can be lost or eliminated by catabolism and excretion. Thus, the longer the biological half-life of a toxic substance, the greater the risk of chronic poisoning, even if environmental levels of the toxin are not very high. Bioaccumulation, for example in fish, can be predicted by models. Hypothesis for molecular size cutoff criteria for use as bioaccumulation potential indicators are not supported by data. Biotransformation can strongly modify bioaccumulation of chemicals in an organism. Toxicity induced by metals is associated with bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Storage or uptake of a metal faster than it is metabolized and excreted leads to the accumulation of that metal. The presence of various chemicals and harmful substances in the environment can be analyzed and assessed with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glacier Ice Accumulation
Glacier ice accumulation occurs through accumulation of snow and other frozen precipitation, as well as through other means including rime ice (freezing of water vapor on the glacier surface), avalanching from hanging glaciers on cliffs and mountainsides above, and re-freezing of glacier meltwater as superimposed ice. Accumulation is one element in the glacier mass balance formula, with ablation counteracting. With successive years in which accumulation exceeds ablation, then a glacier will experience positive mass balance, and its terminus will advance. Accumulation zones Glaciologists subdivide glaciers into glacier accumulation zones, based on the melting and refreezing occurring. These zones include the dry snow zone, in which the ice entirely retains subfreezing temperatures and no melting occurs. Dry snow zones only occur within the interior regions of the Greenland and Antarctica ice sheets. Below the dry snow zone is the percolation In physics, chemistry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metabolic Trapping
Metabolic trapping refers to a localization mechanism of synthesized radiocompounds in the human body. It can be defined as the intracellular accumulation of a radioactive tracer based on the relative metabolic activity of the body's tissues. It is a basic principle of the design of radiopharmaceuticals as metabolic probes for functional studies or tumor location. Metabolic trapping is the mechanism underlying the (PET) scan, an effective tool for detecting tumors, as there is a greater uptake of the target molecule by tumor tissue than by normal tissue. In order to use it as a diagnostic tool in medicine, scientists have studied the trapping of radioactive molecules within different tissues throughout the body. In 1978, Gallagher et al. studied glucose tagged with Fluorine-18 (F-18) to see how it metabolized in the tissues of different organs. This group studied how long it took the lungs, liver, kidneys, heart, and brain to metabolize radioactive glucose. They found the molecu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tree Accumulation
In computer science, tree accumulation is the process of accumulating data placed in tree nodes according to their tree structure. Formally, this operation is a catamorphism In functional programming, the concept of catamorphism (from the Ancient Greek: "downwards" and "form, shape") denotes the unique homomorphism from an initial algebra into some other algebra. Catamorphisms provide generalizations of '' folds'' o .... Upward accumulation refers to accumulating on each node information about all descendants. Downward accumulation refers to accumulating on each node information of every ancestor. One application would be calculating national election results. Construct a tree with the root node as the entire nation and each level representing refined geographical areas such as states/provinces, counties/parishes, cities/townships, and polling districts as the leaves. By accumulating the vote totals from the polling districts, one can compute the vote totals for each of the larg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Accumulation Point
In mathematics, a limit point, accumulation point, or cluster point of a Set (mathematics), set S in a topological space X is a point x that can be "approximated" by points of S in the sense that every neighbourhood (mathematics), neighbourhood of x contains a point of S other than x itself. A limit point of a set S does not itself have to be an element of S. There is also a closely related concept for sequences. A cluster point or accumulation point of a sequence (x_n)_ in a topological space X is a point x such that, for every neighbourhood V of x, there are infinitely many natural numbers n such that x_n \in V. This definition of a cluster or accumulation point of a sequence generalizes to Net (mathematics), nets and Filter (set theory), filters. The similarly named notion of a (respectively, a limit point of a filter, a limit point of a net) by definition refers to a point that the Convergent sequence, sequence converges to (respectively, the Convergent filter, filter conver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cumulative Distribution Function
In probability theory and statistics, the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a real-valued random variable X, or just distribution function of X, evaluated at x, is the probability that X will take a value less than or equal to x. Every probability distribution Support (measure theory), supported on the real numbers, discrete or "mixed" as well as Continuous variable, continuous, is uniquely identified by a right-continuous Monotonic function, monotone increasing function (a càdlàg function) F \colon \mathbb R \rightarrow [0,1] satisfying \lim_F(x)=0 and \lim_F(x)=1. In the case of a scalar continuous distribution, it gives the area under the probability density function from negative infinity to x. Cumulative distribution functions are also used to specify the distribution of multivariate random variables. Definition The cumulative distribution function of a real-valued random variable X is the function given by where the right-hand side represents the probability ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
None
None may refer to: *Zero, the mathematical concept of the quantity "none" *Empty set, the mathematical concept of the collection of things represented by "none" *''none'', an indefinite pronoun in the English language Music * ''None'' (Meshuggah EP), 1994 * ''None'' (Cloak of Altering EP), 2016 Other uses *None (liturgy), the ninth hour of the traditional Christian liturgy *None, Piedmont, a commune in the province of Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont *Irreligion, a lack of religious affiliation *None of the above, a political expression for rejecting all available candidates *None, the keyword for the null pointer in Python See also *Nones (other) * Nothing (other) *Zero (other) Zero is a number. Zero or Zeros may also refer to: Arts, entertainment and media Comics * Zero (Marvel Comics), several characters in the Marvel Comics Universe * ''Zero'' (manhwa), a Korean manhwa by Dall-Young Lim and Park Sung-woo * ''Zero ... * Nun (disambiguati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
