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Acanthodiformes
Acanthodiformes (alternatively spelled Acanthodida) is an Order (biology), order of "Acanthodii, acanthodians" which lived from the Early Devonian to the Early Permian. Members of the order have been found Cosmopolitan distribution, worldwide in rocks preserving both Freshwater fish, freshwater and Saltwater fish, marine environments, and are distinguished from other acanthodians by the presence of only a single dorsal fin and dorsal fin spine, and in most members a lack of Tooth, teeth and well-developed Gill raker, gill rakers. Some acanthodiforms are presumed to have fed by Filter feeder, filter-feeding, and had large mouths and Branchial arch, gill arches. While they have been suggested to be close relatives of modern Osteichthyes, bony fish due to similarities in their skulls, recent research indicates that, like other acanthodians, they are more likely to be stem-group Chondrichthyes, cartilaginous fish. Classification The order was first established by Soviet Union, Sovie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheiracanthidae
Acanthodiformes (alternatively spelled Acanthodida) is an order of " acanthodians" which lived from the Early Devonian to the Early Permian. Members of the order have been found worldwide in rocks preserving both freshwater and marine environments, and are distinguished from other acanthodians by the presence of only a single dorsal fin and dorsal fin spine, and in most members a lack of teeth and well-developed gill rakers. Some acanthodiforms are presumed to have fed by filter-feeding, and had large mouths and gill arches. While they have been suggested to be close relatives of modern bony fish due to similarities in their skulls, recent research indicates that, like other acanthodians, they are more likely to be stem-group cartilaginous fish. Classification The order was first established by Soviet ichthyologist Leo S. Berg in 1940, and contained only the family Acanthodidae. Later authors considered the order to also include the families Mesacanthidae and Cheiracanth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acanthodii
Acanthodii or acanthodians is an extinct class of gnathostomes (jawed fishes). They are currently considered to represent a paraphyletic grade of various fish lineages basal to extant Chondrichthyes, which includes living sharks, rays, and chimaeras. Acanthodians possess a mosaic of features shared with both osteichthyans (bony fish) and chondrichthyans (cartilaginous fish). In general body shape, they were similar to modern sharks, but their epidermis was covered with tiny rhomboid platelets like the scales of holosteians ( gars, bowfins). The popular name "spiny sharks" is because they were superficially shark-shaped, with a streamlined body, paired fins, a strongly upturned tail, and stout, largely immovable bony spines supporting all the fins except the tail—hence, "spiny sharks". However, acanthodians are not true sharks; their close relation to modern cartilaginous fish can lead them to be considered " stem-sharks". Acanthodians had a cartilaginous skeleton, bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesacanthidae
Mesacanthidae is a family of fish that existed during the Devonian in Northwestern Europe. It is part of the order Acanthodiformes Acanthodiformes (alternatively spelled Acanthodida) is an Order (biology), order of "Acanthodii, acanthodians" which lived from the Early Devonian to the Early Permian. Members of the order have been found Cosmopolitan distribution, worldwide in ..., and includes the genera of '' Mesacanthus'', '' Lodeacanthus'', '' Melanacanthus'', '' Teneracanthus'', and '' Promesacanthus''. References Taxa described in 1939 Acanthodiformes Prehistoric fish families {{Acanthodii-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acanthodes
''Acanthodes'' (from , 'provided with spines') is an extinct genus of acanthodian fish. Species have been found in Europe, North America, and Asia, spanning the Early Carboniferous to the Early Permian, making it one of the youngest known acanthodian genera. Description The largest species of ''Acanthodes'' like ''Acanthodes confusus'' and ''Acanthodes splendidus'' grew to lengths of at least , while some species like ''Acanthodes ultimus'' were much smaller, reaching a total body length of only .Heidtke, U.H.J.Revision der unterpermischen Acanthodier (Acanthodii: Pisces) des südwestdeutschen Saar-Nahe-Beckens evision of the Early Permian acanthodians (Acanthodii : Pisces ) from the southwest german Saar -Nahe Basin ''Mitt. Pollich.'', 2011, no. 95, pp. 15–41. (In German with translation of species descriptions into English) The body was elongate and had a pair of pectoral fins, an unpaired dorsal fin far back on the body, with an unpaired long ventral/pelvic fin and an anal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acanthodopsis
''Acanthodopsis'' is a genus of Acanthodian fish from the family Acanthodidae. It lived during the Carboniferous period. ''Acanthodopsis'' fossils have been discovered in Australia and England England is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and List of islands of England, more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It .... The largest species could have reached up to 75 cm in length while others were much smaller. References Acanthodiformes {{Acanthodii-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheiracanthus
''Cheiracanthus'' (from , 'hand' and , 'spine') is an extinct genus of a group of fish called Acanthodii (or "spiny sharks"). It was a deep-bodied acanthodian about 12 in. (30 cm) in length. It had a blunt head, upturned tail, and fins protected by spines. Unlike many other acanthodians, it had one, solitary dorsal fin. ''Cheiracanthus'' swam at mid-depth in lakes and rivers, seizing small prey in its gaping jaws. Whole fossils of this fish occur only in Mid-Devonian rocks in Scotland, but its distinctive small, ornamented scales crop up around the world, as far south as Antarctica. See also * List of acanthodians This list of acanthodian genera is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all Genus, genera that have ever been included in the subclass Acanthodii, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but a ... References Acanthodiformes Middle Devonian cartilaginous fish Devonian cartilaginous fish of Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. For some groups of organisms, their orders may follow consist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stem-group
In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor. It is thus a way of defining a clade, a group consisting of a species and all its extant or extinct descendants. For example, Neornithes (birds) can be defined as a crown group, which includes the most recent common ancestor of all modern birds, and all of its extant or extinct descendants. The concept was developed by Willi Hennig, the formulator of phylogenetic systematics, as a way of classifying living organisms relative to their extinct relatives in his "Die Stammesgeschichte der Insekten", and the "crown" and "stem" group terminology was coined by R. P. S. Jefferies in 1979. Though formulated in the 1970s, the term was not commonly used until its reintroduction in 2000 by Graham Budd and Sören Jensen. Contents of the crown ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Handbook Of Paleoichthyology
Henri Cappetta (August 29, 1946 – January 6, 2024) was a French ichthyologist specializing in the paleontology of sharks and rays. He was a managing director at the Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution in the University of Montpellier The University of Montpellier () is a public university, public research university located in Montpellier, in south-east of France. Established in 1220, the University of Montpellier is one of the List of oldest universities in continuous opera .... References * H. Cappetta, Handbook of Paleoichthyology (Gustav Fischer, 1987) External links Henri Cappetta on www.isem.cnrs.fr(French) New sharks and rays from the Cenomanian and Turonian of Charentes, France. Romain Vullo, Henri Cappetta and Didier Néraudeau, Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 52 (1), pp. 99–116, 2007 French ichthyologists 1946 births 2024 deaths {{France-zoologist-stub Academic staff of the University of Montpellier 20th-century French zoologists 21st-century French zoologist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleobiology Database
The Paleobiology Database (PBDB) is an online resource for information on the distribution and classification of fossil animals, plants, and microorganisms. History The Paleobiology Database originated in the NCEAS-funded Phanerozoic Marine Paleofaunal Database initiative, which operated from August 1998 through August 2000. From 2000 to 2015, PBDB received funding from the National Science Foundation. PBDB also received support form the Australian Research Council. From 2000 to 2010 it was housed at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a cross-disciplinary research center within the University of California, Santa Barbara. It is currently housed at University of Wisconsin-Madison and overseen by an international committee of major data contributors. The Paleobiology Database works closely with the Neotoma Paleoecology Database, which has a similar intellectual history, but has focused on the Quaternary (with an emphasis on the late Pleistocene and Holoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fishes Of The World
''Fishes of the World'' is a standard reference for the systematics of fishes. It was first written in 1976 by the American ichthyologist Joseph S. Nelson (1937–2011). Now in its fifth edition (2016), the work is a comprehensive overview of the diversity and classification of the 30,000-plus fish species known to science. The book begins with a general overview of ichthyology, although it is not self-contained. After a short section on Chordata and non-fish taxa, the work lists all known fish families in a systematic fashion. Each family is given at least one paragraph, and usually a body outline drawing; large families have subfamilies and tribes described as well. Notable genera and species are mentioned, though the book does generally not deal with the species-level diversity. The complexities of the higher taxa are described succinctly, with many references for difficult points. The book does not contain any color illustrations. The fourth edition was the first to inco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
