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Abortion In Europe
Abortion in Europe varies considerably between countries and territories due to differing national laws and policies on its legality, availability of the procedure, and alternative forms of support for pregnant women and their families. In most European countries, abortion is generally permitted within a term limit below fetal viability (e.g. 12 weeks in Abortion in Germany, Germany and 12 weeks and 6 days in Abortion in Italy, Italy, or 14 weeks in Abortion in France, France and Abortion in Spain, Spain), although a wide range of exceptions permit abortion later in the pregnancy. The longest term limits – in terms of gestation – are in the Abortion in the United Kingdom, United Kingdom and in the Abortion in the Netherlands, Netherlands, both at 24 weeks of gestation. Abortion is subsidized or fully funded in many European countries. Grounds for abortion are highly restricted in Abortion in Poland, Poland and in the smaller jurisdictions of Abortion in Monaco, Monaco, Aborti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abortion In Malta
Abortion in Malta is illegal except in cases where the life of the pregnant woman is at risk. Until 2023, it was illegal without exception. Malta has the most restrictive laws regarding abortion in Europe (alongside Andorra, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Poland, the Faroe Islands and Vatican City) with the law in Malta held to be influenced by Roman Catholic Christianity, which formed part of the identity of 82% of the population according to the 2021 census. Treatment to end an ectopic pregnancy is allowed through a medical protocol which allows for each situation to be considered individually in line with the double effect principle i.e. not causing intentional harm to the pregnant woman or her unborn child. Law on abortion The Criminal Code of Malta was first introduced in 1854 and includes abortion, which was not previously lawful, within sections for crimes against the person (in Article 218) and the administration or supplying of substances considered "poisonous or injurious ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pro Life-Pro Choice Gdansk Poland 2021
Pro is an abbreviation meaning "professional". Pro, PRO or variants thereof might also refer to: People * Miguel Pro (1891–1927), Mexican priest * Pro Hart (1928–2006), Australian painter * Mlungisi Mdluli (born 1980), South African retired footballer * Derek Minor (born 1984), American Christian rapper, formerly known as PRo * Mike Awesome (1965–2007), a.k.a. The Pro, American wrestler Michael Lee Alfonso * Pro Wells, American football player Occupations * Prostitute, slang abbreviation * Public relations officer Linguistics * PRO (linguistics) ("big PRO") * pro (linguistics) ("little pro") Political parties * ' (Republican Proposal), Argentina * ', ( Progressive Party), Chile * ' (Law, Respect, Expertise), Czech Republic * ' ( Party for a Rule of Law Offensive), former German party * ' ( The Progressives), Latvia * ', 2020–2023 name of the Modern Democratic Party in Moldova * ' (PRO Romania) * ' (Proposition), Ukraine * ' (Pro-movement), Germany Organizations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vo V France
''Vo v France'' is a 2004 court case heard by the European Court of Human Rights that is notable for raising the question of whether or not an unborn child is considered to have a right to life under Article 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights. Background The case was brought by Mrs Vo, a French woman with Vietnamese heritage. During her pregnancy, Vo received substandard medical care—due in part to a mixup with another woman with a similar name, and Vo's lack of ability to speak French. This confusion led to her doctors attempting to remove a non-existent coil from her uterus, but in the process damaging her foetus. This led to her needing emergency hospital admission and the death of the foetus, which was between 20 and 21 weeks old at the time. Mrs Vo attempted to have the doctor prosecuted for unintentionally killing her unborn child. On 3 June 1996, the French criminal court found the doctor innocent as the foetus was not considered viable, and thus was not a "h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theaetetus (dialogue)
The ''Theaetetus'' (; ''Theaítētos'', Latinisation of names, lat. ''Theaetetus'') is a philosophical work written by Plato in the early-middle 4th century BCE that investigates the definitions of knowledge, nature of knowledge, and is considered one of the founding works of epistemology. Like many of Plato's works, the ''Theaetetus'' is written in the form of a Socratic dialogue, dialogue, in this case between Socrates and the young mathematician Theaetetus (mathematician), Theaetetus and his teacher Theodorus of Cyrene. In the dialogue, Socrates and Theaetetus attempt to come up with a definition of ''episteme'', or knowledge, and discuss three definitions of knowledge: knowledge as nothing but ''perception'', knowledge as ''true judgment'', and, finally, knowledge as a ''Belief#Justified true belief, true judgment with an account.'' Each of these definitions is shown to be unsatisfactory as the dialogue ends in aporia as Socrates leaves to face a hearing for his trial for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plato
Plato ( ; Greek language, Greek: , ; born BC, died 348/347 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher of the Classical Greece, Classical period who is considered a foundational thinker in Western philosophy and an innovator of the written dialogue and dialectic forms. He influenced all the major areas of theoretical philosophy and practical philosophy, and was the founder of the Platonic Academy, a philosophical school in History of Athens, Athens where Plato taught the doctrines that would later become known as Platonism. Plato's most famous contribution is the theory of forms, theory of forms (or ideas), which aims to solve what is now known as the problem of universals. He was influenced by the pre-Socratic thinkers Pythagoras, Heraclitus, and Parmenides, although much of what is known about them is derived from Plato himself. Along with his teacher Socrates, and his student Aristotle, Plato is a central figure in the history of Western philosophy. Plato's complete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire ruled the Mediterranean and much of Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. The Roman people, Romans conquered most of this during the Roman Republic, Republic, and it was ruled by emperors following Octavian's assumption of effective sole rule in 27 BC. The Western Roman Empire, western empire collapsed in 476 AD, but the Byzantine Empire, eastern empire lasted until the fall of Constantinople in 1453. By 100 BC, the city of Rome had expanded its rule from the Italian peninsula to most of the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean and beyond. However, it was severely destabilised by List of Roman civil wars and revolts, civil wars and political conflicts, which culminated in the Wars of Augustus, victory of Octavian over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, and the subsequent conquest of the Ptolemaic Kingdom in Egypt. In 27 BC, the Roman Senate granted Octavian overarching military power () and the new title of ''Augustus (title), Augustus'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece () was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity (), that comprised a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and communities. Prior to the Roman period, most of these regions were officially unified only once under the Kingdom of Macedon from 338 to 323 BC. In Western history, the era of classical antiquity was immediately followed by the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine period. Three centuries after the decline of Mycenaean Greece during the Bronze Age collapse, Greek urban poleis began to form in the 8th century BC, ushering in the Archaic period and the colonization of the Mediterranean Basin. This was followed by the age of Classical Greece, from the Greco-Persian Wars to the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC, and which included the Golden Age of Athens and the Peloponnesian War. The u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surgery In Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome, Ancient Roman surgery, surgical practices developed from Ancient Greek medicine, Greek techniques. Roman surgeons and doctors usually learned through apprenticeships or studying. Medicine in ancient Rome, Ancient Roman doctors such as Galen and Aulus Cornelius Celsus, Celsus described Roman surgical techniques in their medical literature, such as ''De Medicina''. These methods encompassed modern Oral and maxillofacial surgery, oral surgery, Plastic surgery, cosmetic surgery, Surgical suture, sutures, Ligature (medicine), ligatures, amputations, Tonsillectomy, tonsillectomies, Mastectomy, mastectomies, Cataract surgery, cataract surgeries, Lithotomy, lithotomies, hernia repair, Gynecology in ancient Rome, gynecology, neurosurgery, and others. Surgery was a rare practice, as it was dangerous and often had fatal results. To perform these procedures, they used tools such as Speculum (medical), specula, catheters, enemas, bone levers, osteotomes, phlebotomes, probes, curett ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soranus Of Ephesus
Soranus of Ephesus (; 1st/2nd century AD) was a Ancient Greek medicine, Greek physician. He was born in Ephesus but practiced in Alexandria and subsequently in Rome, and was one of the chief representatives of the Methodic school of medicine. Several of his writings still survive, most notably his four-volume treatise on Gynecology in ancient Rome, gynecology, and a Latin translation of his ''On Acute and Chronic Diseases''. Life Little is known about the life of Soranus. According to the Suda (which has two entries on him), he was a native of Ephesus, was the son of Menander and Phoebe, and practiced medicine at Alexandria and Rome in the reigns of Trajan and Hadrian (98–138). He lived at least as early as Archigenes, who used one of his medicines; he was tutor to Statilius Attalus of Heraclea Pontica, Heraclea, physician to Marcus Aurelius; and he was dead when Galen wrote his work ''De Methodo Medendi'', c. 178. He belonged to the Methodic school, and was one of the most em ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Abortion
The practice of induced abortion—the deliberate termination of a pregnancy—has been known since ancient history, ancient times. Various methods have been used to perform or attempt abortion, including the administration of abortifacient herbs, the use of sharpened implements, the application of abdominal pressure, and other techniques. The term ''abortion'', or more precisely ''spontaneous abortion'', is sometimes used to refer to a naturally occurring condition that ends a pregnancy, that is, to what is popularly called a ''miscarriage''. But in what follows the term ''abortion'' will always refer to an induced abortion. Abortion laws and their enforcement have fluctuated through various eras. In much of the Western world during the 20th century, abortion-rights movements were successful in having abortion bans repealed. While abortion remains legal in most of the West, this legality is regularly challenged by anti-abortion groups. The Soviet Union under Vladimir Lenin is reco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foundling Hospitals
The Foundling Hospital (formally the Hospital for the Maintenance and Education of Exposed and Deserted Young Children) was a children's home in London, England, founded in 1739 by the philanthropic sea captain Thomas Coram. It was established for the "education and maintenance of exposed and deserted young children." The word "hospital" was used in a more general sense than it is in the 21st century, simply indicating the institution's "hospitality" to those less fortunate. Nevertheless, one of the top priorities of the committee at the Foundling Hospital was children's health, as they combated smallpox, fevers, consumption, dysentery and even infections from everyday activities like teething that drove up mortality rates and risked epidemics. With their energies focused on maintaining a disinfected environment, providing simple clothing and fare, the committee paid less attention to and spent less on developing children's education. As a result, financial problems would hound t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fostering
Fosterage, the practice of a family bringing up a child not their own, differs from adoption in that the child's parents, not the foster-parents, remain the acknowledged parents. In many modern western societies foster care can be organised by the state to care for children with troubled family backgrounds, usually on a temporary basis. In many pre-modern societies fosterage was a form of patronage, whereby influential families cemented political relationships by bringing up each other's children, similar to arranged marriages, also based on dynastic or alliance calculations. This practice was once common in Ireland, Wales, and Scotland. Fosterage in Scotland In medieval Highland society there was a system of fosterage among clan leaders, where boys and girls would leave their parents' house to be brought up in that of other chiefs, creating a fictive bond of kinship that helped cement alliances and mutual bonds of obligation. In his '' A Journey to the Western Isles of Scotlan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
