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Abilene (board Game)
''Abilene'' is a western board game designed by Roland Siegers. It was published in 1984 by Hexagames and re-published in 1993 by Schmidt Spiele. It is set in the city of Abilene during 1870, which at the time was considered the main transshipment point for the herds of the Texan cattle barons. In the game, each player plays as a rancher who, with the help of their cowboy A cowboy is an animal herder who tends cattle on ranches in North America, traditionally on horseback, and often performs a multitude of other ranch-related tasks. The historic American cowboy of the late 19th century arose from the '' vaquer ...s, drives their herds to Abilene, trying to capture parts of their opponents' herds along the way. Gameplay In a three-player game, each player begins the game with nine herds—three diseased and marked with a notch on their bellies—and $2000 in banknotes. Players choose which starting spaces to place each cattle, not indicating where the diseased cat ...
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Roland Siegers
Roland (; frk, *Hrōþiland; lat-med, Hruodlandus or ''Rotholandus''; it, Orlando or ''Rolando''; died 15 August 778) was a Frankish military leader under Charlemagne who became one of the principal figures in the literary cycle known as the Matter of France. The historical Roland was military governor of the Breton March, responsible for defending Francia's frontier against the Bretons. His only historical attestation is in Einhard's ''Vita Karoli Magni'', which notes he was part of the Frankish rearguard killed in retribution by the Basques in Iberia at the Battle of Roncevaux Pass. The story of Roland's death at Roncevaux Pass was embellished in later medieval and Renaissance literature. The first and most famous of these epic treatments was the Old French ''Chanson de Roland'' of the 11th century. Two masterpieces of Italian Renaissance poetry, the ''Orlando Innamorato'' and ''Orlando Furioso'' (by Matteo Maria Boiardo and Ludovico Ariosto respectively), are even furthe ...
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Hexagames
Hexagames was a German game publisher in Dreieich, which existed from 1982 to 1992. It was one of the most famous German game publishers of the 1980s, notable for publishing games such as ''Lines of Action'' (1988) and ''Cosmic Encounter'' (1992). History ''Hexagames'' was created by Langden Hensley, with the trademark being registered by the German Patent and Trademark Office in late 1982. In 1982, he and Jürgen Hagedorn released the game '' Long Short'', developed by Hensley. After the game publisher Bütehorn went bankrupt around 1982, Hexagames included several of their games in its program. Hagedorn retired from Hexagames in 1988. Joe Nikisch, the founder of the board game company , was responsible for the product range of Hexagames as product manager beginning in 1986. After the dissolution of Hexagames in 1992, the Berlin games manufacturer Sala took over some of the games under the ''Salagames'' label''.'' Salagames also disappeared from the market after about two ye ...
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Schmidt Spiele
Schmidt Spiele is a German games publisher for a wide variety of games, especially German-style board games. Founder Josef Friedrich Schmidt developed Mensch ärgere dich nicht in 1907/1908, based on antique forerunners. Five years later his new publishing firm began the game's serial production. The firm expanded their range of products to include a very wide range of games of all kinds. In the 1980s, Schmidt Spiele published the highly successful German role-playing game '' Das Schwarze Auge'' (The Dark Eye). Josef Friedrich Schmidt's son Franz founded his own independent enterprise named Schmidt Spiele in Nuremberg prior to the Second World War (seated in Munich after the war). The two enterprises maintained a shared channel of distribution, and merged in 1970. The firm's complete archives were lost in a fire in the 1970s. Schmidt Spiele went bankrupt in 1997 and were bought up by the Blatz-Gruppe who subsequently maintained the vastly better known brand name ''Schmidt Spiel ...
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Western (genre)
The Western is a genre set in the American frontier and commonly associated with folk tales of the Western United States, particularly the Southwestern United States, as well as Northern Mexico and Western Canada. It is commonly referred to as the "Old West" or the "Wild West" and depicted in Western media as a hostile, sparsely populated frontier in a state of near-total lawlessness patrolled by outlaws, sheriffs, and numerous other stock "gunslinger" characters. Western narratives often concern the gradual attempts to tame the crime-ridden American West using wider themes of justice, freedom, rugged individualism, Manifest Destiny, and the national history and identity of the United States. History The first films that belong to the Western genre are a series of short single reel silents made in 1894 by Edison Studios at their Black Maria studio in West Orange, New Jersey. These featured veterans of ''Buffalo Bill's Wild West'' show exhibiting skills acquired by ...
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Abilene, Texas
Abilene ( ) is a city in Taylor and Jones Counties in Texas, United States. Its population was 125,182 at the 2020 census, making it the 27th-most populous city in the state of Texas. It is the principal city of the Abilene metropolitan statistical area, which had an estimated population of 169,893, as of 2016. It is the county seat of Taylor County. Dyess Air Force Base is located on the west side of the city. Abilene is located off Interstate 20, between exits 279 on its western edge and 292 on the east. It is west of Fort Worth. The city is looped by I-20 to the north, US 83/84 on the west, and Loop 322 to the east. A railroad divides the city down the center into north and south. The historic downtown area is on the north side of the railroad. History Established by cattlemen as a stock shipping point on the Texas and Pacific Railway in 1881, the city was named after Abilene, Kansas, the original endpoint for the Chisholm Trail. The T&P had bypassed the town of ...
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Transshipment
Transshipment, trans-shipment or transhipment is the shipment of goods or containers to an intermediate destination, then to another destination. One possible reason for transshipment is to change the means of transport during the journey (e.g., from ship transport to road transport), known as transloading. Another reason is to combine small shipments into a large shipment (consolidation), or the opposite: dividing a large shipment into smaller shipments (deconsolidation). Transshipment usually takes place in transport hubs. Much international transshipment also takes place in designated customs areas, thus avoiding the need for customs checks or duties, otherwise a major hindrance for efficient transport. An item handled (from the shipper's point of view) as a single movement is not generally considered transshipped, even if it changes from one mode of transport to another at several points. Previously, it was often not distinguished from transloading, since each leg of su ...
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Cattle Baron
Cattle baron is a historic term for a local businessman and landowner who possessed great power or influence through the operation of a large ranch with many beef cattle. Cattle barons in the late 19th century United States were also sometimes referred to as cowmen, stockmen, or just ranchers. In Australia, similar individuals owned large cattle stations. A similar phenomenon occurred in part of Canada in the early twentieth century. Notable examples ''In the American Old West:'' * Otto Franc *Charles Goodnight. Essayist and historian J. Frank Dobie said that Goodnight "approached greatness more nearly than any other cowman of history." * John Chisum *Tom McCall * Conrad Kohrs; see Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site *Oliver Loving * James Dolan *Susan McSween *Frank Wolcott * Margaret Borland ''In Australia:'' *Peter Menegazzo *Sidney Kidman ''In Canada:'' *The Big Four (Calgary) (four businessmen: two ranchers, a meat packer, and a brewer who founded the Calgary St ...
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Cowboy
A cowboy is an animal herder who tends cattle on ranches in North America, traditionally on horseback, and often performs a multitude of other ranch-related tasks. The historic American cowboy of the late 19th century arose from the ''vaquero'' traditions of northern Mexico and became a figure of special significance and legend.Malone, J., p. 1. A subtype, called a wrangler, specifically tends the horses used to work cattle. In addition to ranch work, some cowboys work for or participate in rodeos. Cowgirls, first defined as such in the late 19th century, had a less-well documented historical role, but in the modern world work at identical tasks and have obtained considerable respect for their achievements. Cattle handlers in many other parts of the world, particularly South America and Australia, perform work similar to the cowboy. The cowboy has deep historic roots tracing back to Spain and the earliest European settlers of the Americas. Over the centuries, difference ...
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Banknote
A banknote—also called a bill (North American English), paper money, or simply a note—is a type of negotiable instrument, negotiable promissory note, made by a bank or other licensed authority, payable to the bearer on demand. Banknotes were originally issued by commercial banks, which were legally required to Redemption value, redeem the notes for legal tender (usually gold or silver coin) when presented to the chief cashier of the originating bank. These commercial banknotes only traded at face value in the market served by the issuing bank. Commercial banknotes have primarily been replaced by national banknotes issued by central banks or monetary authority, monetary authorities. National banknotes are often – but not always – legal tender, meaning that courts of law are required to recognize them as satisfactory payment of money debts. Historically, banks sought to ensure that they could always pay customers in coins when they presented banknotes for payment. This p ...
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Abilene 04
Abilene may refer to: Places United States * Abilene, Kansas * Abilene, Texas * Abilene, Texas metropolitan area * Abilene, Virginia * Abilene State Park, near Abilene, Texas * Abilene Trail, from Texas to Abilene, Kansas, used in the 19th century Elsewhere * Abilene (biblical), a plain in Syria on the eastern slope of Anti-Lebanon mountain range * Abilene, Alberta, Canada Films * ''Abilene Town'', a 1946 western film starring Randolph Scott * ''Gunfighters of Abilene'', a 1960 film starring Buster Crabbe * ''Gunfight in Abilene'', a 1967 western film starring Bobby Darin and Leslie Nielsen * ''Abilene'' (film), a 1999 drama film starring Ernest Borgnine Military * Operation Abilene (1966), a joint US-Australian military operation in 1966 during the Vietnam War * Operation Abilene (2003), a US military operation in Al Anbar province in 2003 during the Iraq War * USS ''Abilene'' (PF-58), a 1943 Tacoma-class US navy frigate named after Abilene, Kansas * Abilene Trophy, aw ...
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Internet Archive
The Internet Archive is an American digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It provides free public access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, software applications/games, music, movies/videos, moving images, and millions of books. In addition to its archiving function, the Archive is an activist organization, advocating a free and open Internet. , the Internet Archive holds over 35 million books and texts, 8.5 million movies, videos and TV shows, 894 thousand software programs, 14 million audio files, 4.4 million images, 2.4 million TV clips, 241 thousand concerts, and over 734 billion web pages in the Wayback Machine. The Internet Archive allows the public to upload and download digital material to its data cluster, but the bulk of its data is collected automatically by its web crawlers, which work to preserve as much of the public web as possible. Its web archive, the Wayback Machine, contains hundreds of b ...
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Abilene 03
Abilene may refer to: Places United States * Abilene, Kansas * Abilene, Texas * Abilene, Texas metropolitan area * Abilene, Virginia * Abilene State Park, near Abilene, Texas * Abilene Trail, from Texas to Abilene, Kansas, used in the 19th century Elsewhere * Abilene (biblical), a plain in Syria on the eastern slope of Anti-Lebanon mountain range * Abilene, Alberta, Canada Films * ''Abilene Town'', a 1946 western film starring Randolph Scott * ''Gunfighters of Abilene'', a 1960 film starring Buster Crabbe * ''Gunfight in Abilene'', a 1967 western film starring Bobby Darin and Leslie Nielsen * ''Abilene'' (film), a 1999 drama film starring Ernest Borgnine Military * Operation Abilene (1966), a joint US-Australian military operation in 1966 during the Vietnam War * Operation Abilene (2003), a US military operation in Al Anbar province in 2003 during the Iraq War * USS ''Abilene'' (PF-58), a 1943 Tacoma-class US navy frigate named after Abilene, Kansas * Abilene Trophy, aw ...
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