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Abdullah Hanafi
Abdullah bin Hanafi (born 1880s), commonly known as Inche Awang (honorific), Awang, was an aristocrat and Administrator of the government, administrator who played a crucial role in shaping the region during the early to mid-20th century. Serving as both the district officer and district Qadi, ''kadhi'' of Tutong from 1927 to 1945, he was a key figure in driving the region's social and infrastructure development. His leadership was crucial during a time when the district needed strong guidance, and his contributions left a lasting impact on the community. The generations who lived under his tenure recalled his efforts to modernise and guide the district through significant growth. Early life Abdullah bin Raden Mas Haji Hanafi was born in the Crown Colony of Labuan sometime in the 1880s and came from a wealthy family in Samarang, Dutch East Indies. A devout and hardworking man, his father, Raden Mas Haji Hanafi, immigrated to Brunei in 1871 and worked as a goldsmith. Abdullah w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manteri
The Manteri (Minister (government), Minister or Officer) are a group of state dignitaries within the Brunei, Sultanate of Brunei whose position ranks the fourth-highest official in the country behind the List of sultans of Brunei, Sultan. There are two main groups in the Manteri, namely the Manteri Berchiri and the Manteri Bertauliah. Each person who is given a position in the Manteri is also given a certain title. They are also referred to in official speech and correspondence with specific honorific references. The title of Manteri is given to ordinary people and is held in a ceremony, which for the awarding of the title of Pehin Manteri, it is known as "menyampiri gelaran". History Prior to the British protectorate, Bruneian titles were bestowed with office positions and designated responsibilities, which gave the designated officials access to political power. These officials were frequently granted ''kuripan'' (territorial powers), which enabled them to manage finances, co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Kalimantan
East Kalimantan (Indonesian language, Indonesian: ) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia. Its territory comprises the eastern portion of Borneo/Kalimantan. It had a population of about 3.03 million at the 2010 census (within the current boundary),Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. 3.42 million at the 2015 census, and 3.766 million at the 2020 census;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 4,030,488.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Provinsi Kalimantan Timur Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.64) Its capital is the city of Samarinda, the most populous city in the entire Borneo. East Kalimantan has a total area of and is the third Provinces of Indonesia, least densely populated province in Kalimantan (after North Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan). The majority of the region shares a maritime border to the east with West Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi; its Cape Mangkalihat separates the Makassar Strait fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Hong Kong
Hong Kong was under British Empire, British rule from 1841 to 1997, except for a Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, brief period of Japanese occupation during World War II from 1941 to 1945. It was a crown colony of the United Kingdom from 1841 to 1981, and a British Dependent Territory, dependent territory from 1981 to 1997. The colonial period began with the British occupation of Hong Kong Island under the Convention of Chuenpi in 1841 of the Victorian era, and ended with the handover of Hong Kong to the China, People's Republic of China in July 1997. In accordance with Art. III of the Treaty of Nanking of 1842, signed in the aftermath of the First Opium War, the island of Hong Kong was ceded in perpetuity to Great Britain. It was established as a Crown colony in 1843. In 1860, the British expanded the colony with the addition of the Kowloon Peninsula and was further extended in 1898 when the British obtained Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory, a 99-year lease ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Celebes
Sulawesi ( ), also known as Celebes ( ), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the world's 11th-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago. Within Indonesia, only Sumatra, Borneo, and Papua are larger in territory, and only Java and Sumatra are more populous. The landmass of Sulawesi includes four peninsulas: the northern Minahasa Peninsula, the East Peninsula, the South Peninsula, and the Southeast Peninsula. Three gulfs separate these peninsulas: the Gulf of Tomini between the northern Minahasa and East peninsulas, the Tolo Gulf between the East and Southeast peninsulas, and the Bone Gulf between the South and Southeast peninsulas. The Strait of Makassar runs along the western side of the island and separates the island from Borneo. Etymology The name ''Sulawesi'' possibly comes from the words ''sula'' ("island") and ''besi'' ("iron") and may refer to the hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippine Islands
The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a total area of roughly 300,000 square kilometers, which are broadly categorized in Island groups of the Philippines, three main geographical divisions from north to south: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. With a population of over 110 million, it is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, twelfth-most-populous country. The Philippines is bounded by the South China Sea to the west, the Philippine Sea to the east, and the Celebes Sea to the south. It shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north, Japan to the northeast, Palau to the east and southeast, Indonesia to the south, Malaysia to the southwest, Vietnam to the west, and China to the northwest. It has Ethnic groups in the Philippines, diverse ethnicities and Culture o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tawau
Tawau (), formerly known as Tawao, is the capital of the Tawau District in Sabah, Malaysia. It is the third-largest city (or town)While Tawau have a population of more than 100,000 of which is considered city elsewhere in the world it is officially referred as "bandar" (town) in Malay language due to Malaysian law have multiple criteria for a town to be considered a city including a population of more than 500,000 (such as George Town, Penang), administrative centre of a state (such as Kuching, a state capital of Sarawak despite its smaller 300,000 population) and income of RM100 million. in Sabah, after Kota Kinabalu and Sandakan. It is located on the Semporna Peninsula in the southeast coast of the state in the administrative centre of Tawau Division, which is bordered by the Sulu Sea to the east, the Celebes Sea to the south at Cowie BayCowie Bay in the early 19th century was known as Kalabakong Bay. It is also known as Sibuco Bay. and shares a border with North Kalim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lahad Datu
Lahad Datu () is the capital of the Lahad Datu District in the Dent Peninsula on Tawau Division of Sabah, Malaysia. Its population was estimated to be around 27,887 in 2010. The town is surrounded by stretches of cocoa and palm oil plantations. It is also an important timber exporting port. The town has an airport for domestic flights. History A settlement is believed to have existed here in the 15th century, as excavations have unearthed Ming dynasty Chinese ceramics. Just east of Lahad Datu is the village of Tunku, a notorious base for pirates and slave traders in the 19th century. Based on a Jawi manuscript from 1408 in the Ida'an language, the town is believed to be the first site in northern Borneo where Islam was first introduced. The Jawi manuscript gives an account of an Ida'an man named Abdullah in Darvel Bay who embraced Islam. Foreign militant intrusion On 23 September 1985, 15 to 20 armed foreign pirates from the neighbouring Philippines landed on this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sandakan
Sandakan () formerly known at various times as Elopura, is the capital of the Sandakan District in Sabah, Malaysia. It is the second largest city in Sabah after Kota Kinabalu. It is located on the Sandakan Peninsula and east coast of the state in the administrative centre of Sandakan Division and was the former capital of North Borneo, British North Borneo. In 2010, the city had an estimated population of 157,330 while the overall municipal area had a total population of 396,290. The population of the municipal area had increased to 439,050 by the 2020 Census. Before the founding of Sandakan, Sulu Archipelago was the source of dispute between Spain and the Sultanate of Sulu for economic dominance in the region. By 1864, Spain had blockaded the Sultanate possessions in the Sulu Archipelago. The Sultanate of Sulu awarded a German consular service ex-member a piece of land in the Sandakan Bay to seek protection from Germany. In 1878, the Sultanate sold north-eastern Borneo to an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kudat
Kudat () is the capital of the Kudat District in the Kudat Division of Sabah, Malaysia. Its population was estimated to be around 29,025 in 2010. It is located on the Kudat Peninsula, about north of Kota Kinabalu, the state capital, and is near the Tanjung Simpang Mengayau, northernmost point of Borneo. It is the largest town in the heartland of the Rungus people which is a sub-ethnic group of the majority Kadazan-Dusun race and is therefore a major centre of Rungus culture. It is also notable for being one of the first parts of Sabah to be settled by Chinese Malaysians, particularly from the Hakka people, Hakka dialect group. It is the northernmost Malaysian city. Etymology What is now the Kudat area was originally named 'Tomborungan' by the local Rungus natives. It was named after the Tomborungus River, which has since disappeared. According to local lore, when the early British settlers asked for the name of the place, the local Rungus people misunderstood them and thought ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madura
is an list of islands of Indonesia, Indonesian island off the northeastern coast of Java. The island comprises an area of approximately (administratively including various smaller islands to the east, southeast and north that are administratively part of Madura's easternmost Sumenep Regency). Administratively, Madura is part of the province of East Java. It is separated from Java by the narrow Madura Strait. The administered area had a density of 773 people per km2 (2,003 per sq. mile) in mid-2024, while the main island had a somewhat higher figure of 862.3 per km2 (2,233 per sq. mile).Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Kabupaten Sumenep Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3529) Etymology Madura is named for Madurai, the home of the Hinduism, Hindu deity Vishnu, Azhagar.Ed. Emma Helen Blair and James Alexander Robertson, 1903-09The Philippine Islands, 1493-1803 : explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their histor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basilan
Basilan, officially the Province of Basilan (; ; ; ), is an island province of the Philippines located primarily in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region. Basilan Island is the largest and northernmost of the major islands of the Sulu Archipelago. It is just off the southern coast of the geographic Zamboanga Peninsula. Isabela, the most populous city and the former capital, is a component city under the provincial government of Basilan but is administered as part of the Zamboanga Peninsula Region and is listed statistically independent. The provincial capital has since been transferred to Lamitan. Despite this, the provincial Capitol and government offices are still located at Isabela. Basilan is home to three main ethnolinguistic groups: the indigenous Yakans, and the later-arriving Tausugs and Chavacanos. The Yakans and Tausugs are predominantly Muslim, while the Chavacano are mainly Christian. There are also a number of smaller ethnic groups. Although the official lang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cebu
Cebu ( ; ), officially the Province of Cebu (; ), is a province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas region, and consists of a main island and 167 surrounding islands and islets. The coastal zone of Cebu is identified as a site of highest marine biodiversity importance in the Coral Triangle. Its capital and largest city is Cebu City, nicknamed "the Queen (Catholic) City of the South" having the Second Cardinal, the oldest city and first capital of the Philippines, which is politically independent from the provincial government along with Mandaue and Lapu-Lapu City. The Cebu Metropolitan Area or Metro Cebu is the third largest metropolitan area in the Philippines (after Metro Manila and Metro Davao) with Cebu City as the main center of commerce, trade, education and industry in the Visayas as well as the regional center of Central Visayas. Being one of the most developed provinces in the Philippines, in a decade it has transformed into a global hub for b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
