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A18 Autostrada (Poland)
Autostrada A18 is a short motorway in southwestern Poland which runs from the Poland, Polish/Germany, German border at Olszyna, Lubusz Voivodeship, Olszyna/Forst (Lausitz), Forst-Bademeusel (connecting with the German Bundesautobahn 15) to the Polish A4 autostrada (Poland), Autostrada A4. The highway is long and is part of the European route E36 and the Pan-European corridors, Pan-European corridor IIIA from Berlin to Wrocław. Since 2023, both carriageways are opened after reconstruction and signed as A18. Construction The 1930s (the southern carriageway) The motorway had its beginning as a single-carriageway part of Reichsautobahn, Reichsautobahn 9 (Berlin-Breslau) built by Nazi Germany in the 1930s, completed between 1936 and 1938. This route had all the features of an autobahn, built according to the standards of the time, including all the exits, viaducts and bridges. However, only a single carriageway was constructed along most of its length and space was left for co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bundesautobahn 15 Number
The (; German , ) is the federal controlled-access highway system in Germany. The official term is (abbreviated ''BAB''), which translates as 'federal motorway'. The literal meaning of the word is 'Federal Auto(mobile) Track'. Much of the system has no speed limit for some classes of vehicles. However, limits are posted and enforced in areas that are urbanised, substandard, prone to collisions, or under construction. On speed-unrestricted stretches, an advisory speed limit () of applies. While driving faster is not illegal in the absence of a speed limit, it can cause an increased liability in the case of a collision (which mandatory auto insurance has to cover); courts have ruled that an "ideal driver" who is exempt from absolute liability for "inevitable" tort under the law would not exceed the advisory speed limit. A 2017 report by the Federal Road Research Institute reported that in 2015, 70.4% of the Autobahn network had only the advisory speed limit, 6.2% had temp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autostrada A18 (Polska)
This is a list of roads designated A18. Roads are sorted in the countries alphabetical order. * A18 motorway (Belgium), a road connecting Bruges and Dunkirk, France * A18 motorway (Italy), a road connecting Messina and Catania in Sicily * A18 highway (Lithuania), a road around Šiaulių * A18 road (Malaysia), a road in Perak connecting Bota Bota Kanan and Kampung Sungai Mengkuang * A18 motorway (Netherlands), a road connecting Zevenaar and Varsseveld * A18 autostrada (Poland), a planned road connecting Olszyna at the Polish-German border and the junction with the A4 motorway * A 18 road (Sri Lanka), a road connecting Pelmadulla and Nonagama * A18 motorway (Switzerland), a road connecting Basel and Reinach BL * ''A18 road (United Kingdom)'' may refer to: ** A18 road (England), a road connecting Doncaster, South Yorkshire and Ludborough, Lincolnshire ** A18 road (Isle of Man) The A18 Snaefell Mountain Road or ''Mountain Road'' () is a primary main A-road of in length w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nowa Sól
Nowa Sól is a city on the Oder River in Lubusz Voivodeship, western Poland. It is the capital of Nowa Sól County and had a population of 38,763 (2019). History The territory became part of the emerging Polish state in the 10th century, and following the country's fragmentation it formed part of the Duchy of Głogów since 1251, ruled by the Piast dynasty, Piast and Jagiellonian dynasty, Jagiellonian dynasties, including future Polish Kings John I Albert and Sigismund I the Old. The first mention of the settlement in the region of modern Nowa Sól dates back to the 14th century. The Latin book ''Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis'' (Polish: ''Księga uposażeń Archidiecezja wrocławska, biskupstwa wrocławskiego'') records two Slavic Polish settlements of Stare Żabno mentioned as ''Sczhabna antiqua'' and Nowe Żabno as ''Sczhabna nova''. The former is currently a suburb of Nowa Sól and the latter still exists as a village. In 1506, the territory was incorporated into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Świętoszów
Świętoszów () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Osiecznica, within Bolesławiec County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland in the Lower Silesian Wilderness, on the river Kwisa. It lies approximately north of Osiecznica, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Osiecznica, north-west of Bolesławiec, and west of the regional capital Wrocław. History In the Early Middle Ages the region was inhabited by the Bobrzanie tribe, one of the Slavs, Slavic Lechites, Lechitic tribes, and it became part of the emerging Polish state under its first historic ruler Mieszko I in the 10th century. Probably in the 14th century a forge was established at the site of the village, however the village itself was founded after 1550. In the 1898 the German Army (German Empire), German Army created a large training ground (:de:Truppenübungsplatz Neuhammer, de) here. In World War I it was the site of a large prisoner-of-war camp for Russian soldiers. After 1919, Polish people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Żagań
Żagań (French language, French and , ) is a town in western Poland, on the Bóbr river, with 25,731 inhabitants (2019), capital of Żagań County in the Lubusz Voivodeship, located in the historic region of Lower Silesia. Founded in the 12th century by Polish monarch Bolesław IV the Curly, Żagań was the capital of an Duchy of Żagań, eponymous principality from 1274 to 1935. The main sights are the former Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary Church, Żagań, Augustinian Monastery, one of the burial sites of the Piast dynasty, listed as a List of Historical Monuments (Poland), Historic Monument of Poland, the Ducal Palace and Park ensemble and the POW Camps Museum, located at the site of German prisoner-of-war camps in World War II, German-operated WWII prisoner-of-war camps for over 60,000 Allies of World War II, Allied soldiers of various nationalities, where the ''List of Allied airmen from the Great Escape, Great Escape'' took place. The town hosts the Polish 11th Armour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lubań
Lubań (; ), sometimes called Lubań Śląski (; , ); is a town in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in southwest Poland. It is the administrative seat of Lubań County and also of the smaller Gmina Lubań (although it is not part of the territory of the latter, as the town is a separate urban gmina in its own right). Geography Situated north of the Jizera Mountains on the western shore of the Kwisa River, Lubań is considered part of the historic Upper Lusatia region, although it was more closely associated with Lower Silesia in the early 14th century and from 1815. It is located about east of Zgorzelec/Görlitz and about northwest of Jelenia Góra. History Middle Ages The town probably is at the site of a small settlement established by the West Slavs, West Slavic Bieżuńczanie tribe, one of the old Polish tribes, in the 9th and 10th century. Bieżuńczanie together with the Sorbs, Sorbian Milceni tribe, with whom they bordered in the west, were subjugated in 990 by the Marg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zielona Góra
Zielona Góra (; ''Green Mountain''; ) is the largest city in Lubusz Voivodeship, located in western Poland, with 140,403 inhabitants (). The region is closely associated with vineyards and holds an annual Zielona Góra Wine Fest, Wine Fest. Zielona Góra is one of the two capital cities of Lubusz Voivodeship, hosting the Voivodeship sejmik, province's elected assembly, while the seat of the centrally appointed voivode, governor is in the city of Gorzów Wielkopolski. In 1222 Duke Henry the Bearded from the Piast dynasty brought the first settlers to the area. In 1323 Zielona Góra was granted town privileges. The town was incorporated into the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1506 and became part of the Habsburg monarchy, Habsburg Empire in 1526. It experienced a wave of witch trials in the 17th century. As a result of the First Silesian War, the city became part of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1742. It then was part of the North German Confederation and the German Reich until the end of Worl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Przewóz, Żary County
Przewóz (, ) is a village in Żary County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. It is located in the historic Lower Silesia region on the eastern shore of the Lusatian Neisse river, on the border with Germany. Przewóz is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Przewóz. It lies approximately south-west of Żary and south-west of Zielona Góra. It is the site of a border crossing on the road between Żary and the German town of Görlitz. About to the south is the Upper Lusatian village of Klein Priebus (Little Przewóz). History The settlement was included in the early Polish state by Bolesław I the Brave. Following the fragmentation of Poland into smaller provincial duchies, it initially formed part of the Duchy of Silesia, and later also the duchies of Duchy of Jawor, Jawor, Świdnica and Duchy of Żagań, Żagań. Przewóz served as a fortress defending Poland's western border. The first church was allegedly founded in 1012, and was renewed by Duke P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Łęknica
Łęknica (; , ) is a border town in western Poland, one of the two gminas of Żary County in Lubusz Voivodeship. Muskau Park (''Park Mużakowski''), a Polish-German World Heritage Site and Historic Monument of Poland, stretches north of the town centre. Geography The town is situated in the Polish part of the historic Upper Lusatia region, in the broad valley of the Neisse river, which forms the border with Germany. A bridge across the river connects it with the opposite German town of Bad Muskau, another border crossing in the south leads to Krauschwitz. Łęknica's population numbers 2,478 (2019). History The area along the Neisse river was already settled in the Bronze Age. While neighbouring Muskau was already mentioned in 1249 and was awarded town rights in 1452, the village of ''Lugnitz'' was first documented in 1505, then part of the Muskau state country. According to the 1635 Peace of Prague, Lugknitz together with Upper Lusatia passed from the Bohemian Crown t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trzebiel
Trzebiel () () is a village in Żary County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland, close to the German border. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Trzebiel. It lies approximately west of Żary and south-west of Zielona Góra, close to the A18 autostrada and the European route E36 from Berlin to Bolesławiec. History The settlement was first mentioned in a 1301 deed, then part of the March of Lusatia and the settlement area of the Sorbs. Located within the historical region of Lower Lusatia, the border with Upper Lusatia—the state country of Muskau—ran just a few miles south of the village. It was part of the Duchy of Jawor, the southwesternmost duchy of fragmented Piast-ruled Poland, until 1346 and afterwards it was ruled by Czech kings, Hungarian kings, Saxon electors and Polish kings. In the Late Middle Ages, it was located at the intersection of important east-west and north-south trade routes. A route connecting Warsaw and Poznań with Dr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germany–Poland Border
The Germany–Poland border (, ) is the state international border, border between Poland and Germany, mostly along the Oder–Neisse line, with a total length of . (Downloadable pdf file) It stretches from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Czech Republic in the south. History The Germany–Poland border traces its origins to the beginnings of the Polish state, with the Oder (Odra) and Lusatian Neisse (Nysa) rivers (the Oder–Neisse line) being one of the earliest natural boundaries of the early Polish state under the Piast dynasty, although not necessarily yet a border with Germany, as present-day north-eastern Germany was still inhabited by Slavic Lechites, Lechitic tribes, and German conquests and sovereignty over the tribes were periodic and intermittent. Under the first Polish rulers Mieszko I and Bolesław I the Brave, the Polish western border reached further west than the present one, and Poland bordered the German-ruled marches of March of Lusatia, Lusatia and Margrava ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natura 2000
Natura 2000 is a network of nature protection areas in the territory of the European Union. It is made up of Special Areas of Conservation and Special Protection Areas designated under the Habitats Directive and the Birds Directive, respectively. The network includes both terrestrial and Marine Protected Areas. The Natura 2000 network covered more than 18% of the European Union's land area and more than 7% of its marine area in 2022. History In May 1992, the governments of the European Communities adopted legislation designed to protect the most seriously threatened habitats and species across Europe. The Habitats Directive complements the Birds Directive adopted in 1979, and together they make up the Natura 2000 network of protected areas. The Birds Directive requires the establishment of Special Protection Areas for birds. The Habitats Directive similarly requires Sites of Community Importance which upon the agreement of the European Commission become Special Areas o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
