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6082 Aluminium Alloy
6082 aluminium alloy is an alloy in the wrought aluminium–magnesium–silicon family (6000 or 6xxx series). It is one of the more popular alloys in its series (alongside alloys 6005, 6061, and 6063), although it is not strongly featured in ASTM (North American) standards. It is typically formed by extrusion, cold and hot stamping, and rolling, but as a wrought alloy it is not used in casting. It can also be forged and clad, but that is not common practice with this alloy. It cannot be work hardened Work hardening, also known as strain hardening, is the process by which a material's load-bearing capacity (strength) increases during plastic (permanent) deformation. This characteristic is what sets ductile materials apart from brittle materi ..., but is commonly heat treated to produce tempers with a higher strength but lower ductility.Marks' Standard Handbook for Mechanical Engineers, 8th Ed., McGraw Hill, pp. 6-50 to 6-58 Alternate names and designations include AlSi1Mg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aluminium–magnesium–silicon Alloys
Aluminium–magnesium–silicon alloys (AlMgSi) are aluminium alloys—alloys that are mainly made of aluminium—that contain both magnesium and silicon as the most important alloying elements in terms of quantity. Both together account for less than 2 percent by mass. The content of magnesium is greater than that of silicon, otherwise they belong to the aluminum–silicon–magnesium alloys (AlSiMg). AlMgSi is one of the Hardenability, hardenable aluminum alloys, i.e. those that can become firmer and harder through heat treatment. This curing is largely based on the excretion of magnesium silicide (Mg2Si). The AlMgSi alloys are therefore understood in the standards as a separate group (6000 series) and not as a subgroup of aluminum-magnesium alloys that cannot be hardenable. AlMgSi is one of the aluminum alloys with medium to high strength, high fracture resistance, good welding suitability, corrosion resistance and formability. They can be processed excellently by extrusion and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6005 Aluminium Alloy
6005 aluminium alloy is an alloy in the wrought aluminium-magnesium-silicon family (6000 or 6xxx series). It is closely related, but not identical, to 6005A aluminium alloy. The main difference between the two alloys is that 6005 has a higher minimum composition percentage of aluminium than 6005A (while having essentially the same maximum). The most common forming method is extrusion. It can also be forged or rolled, but as a wrought alloy it is not used in casting. It is commonly heat treated to produce tempers with a higher strength at the expense of ductility.Marks' Standard Handbook for Mechanical Engineers, 8th Ed., McGraw Hill, pp. 6-50 to 6-52 Alternate names and designations include AlSiMg and A96005. The alloy and its various tempers are covered by the following standards:6005 (AlSiMg, A9600 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6061 Aluminium Alloy
6061 aluminium alloy ( Unified Numbering System (UNS) designation A96061) is a precipitation-hardened aluminium alloy, containing magnesium and silicon as its major alloying elements. Originally called "Alloy 61S", it was developed in 1935. It has good mechanical properties, exhibits good weldability, and is very commonly extruded (second in popularity only to 6063). It is one of the most common alloys of aluminium for general-purpose use. It is commonly available in pre-tempered grades such as 6061-O (annealed), tempered grades such as 6061-T6 (solutionized and artificially aged) and 6061-T651 (solutionized, stress-relieved stretched and artificially aged). Chemical composition 6061 Aluminium alloy composition by mass: Properties The mechanical properties of 6061 greatly depend on the temper, or heat treatment, of the material. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6063 Aluminium Alloy
AA 6063 is an aluminium alloy, with magnesium and silicon as the alloying elements. The standard controlling its composition is maintained by The Aluminum Association. It has generally good mechanical properties and is heat treatable and weldable. It is similar to the British aluminium alloy HE9. 6063 is the most common alloy used for aluminium extrusion. It allows complex shapes to be formed with very smooth surfaces fit for anodizing and is popular for visible architectural applications such as window frames, door frames, roofs, and sign frames. Applications requiring higher strength typically use 6061 or 6082 instead. Chemical composition The alloy composition of 6063 is: Mechanical properties The mechanical properties of 6063 depend greatly on the temper, or heat treatment, of the material. 6063-O Un-heat-treated 6063 has maximum tensile strength no more than , and no specified maximum yield strength In materials science and engineering, the yield point ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ASTM
ASTM International, formerly known as American Society for Testing and Materials, is a standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical international standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems and services. Some 12,575 apply globally. The headquarters is in West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, about northwest of Philadelphia. It was founded in 1902 as the American Section of the International Association for Testing Materials. In addition to its traditional standards work, ASTM operates several global initiatives advancing additive manufacturing, advanced manufacturing, and emerging technologies, including the Additive Manufacturing Center of Excellence (AM CoE), the acquisition oWohlers Associatesfor market intelligence and advisory services, and the NIST-funded Standardization Center of Excellence (SCOE). History In 1898, a group of scientists and engineers, led by chemist, industry leader, and proponent of standardization Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hot Form Quench
Hot Form Quench (HFQ®) - an aluminium hot forming lightweighting technology - is an industrial stamping process for the production of deep drawn, precise and complex geometry ultra-high strength aluminium sheet components. It is the aluminium hot Stamping (metalworking), stamping (sometimes also called 'aluminium hot forming') process for age-hardening grades of sheet and has similarities to the press hardening of ultra-high strength steels. HFQ, the original aluminium hot stamping process, exploits viscoplasticity of aluminium at high temperatures to facilitate the production of Lightweighting, lightweight structures, often replacing steel, composites, castings, extrusions or multiple cold formed pressings. Hot Form Quench (HFQ) is an aluminum hot stamping process for high strength sheet (typically) 2xxx, 6xxx and 7xxx series alloys, that was initially developed in the early 2000s by Professors Jianguo Lin and Trevor Dean at the University of Birmingham and then at Imperial Coll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Work Hardening
Work hardening, also known as strain hardening, is the process by which a material's load-bearing capacity (strength) increases during plastic (permanent) deformation. This characteristic is what sets ductile materials apart from brittle materials. Work hardening may be desirable, undesirable, or inconsequential, depending on the application. This strengthening occurs because of dislocation movements and dislocation generation within the crystal structure of the material. Many non-brittle metals with a reasonably high melting point as well as several polymers can be strengthened in this fashion. Alloys not amenable to heat treatment, including low-carbon steel, are often work-hardened. Some materials cannot be work-hardened at low temperatures, such as indium, however others can be strengthened only via work hardening, such as pure copper and aluminum. Undesirable work hardening An example of undesirable work hardening is during machining when early passes of a cutter inadver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heat Treating
Heat treating (or heat treatment) is a group of industrial, thermal and metalworking processes used to alter the physical, and sometimes chemical, properties of a material. The most common application is metallurgical. Heat treatments are also used in the manufacture of many other materials, such as glass. Heat treatment involves the use of heating or chilling, normally to extreme temperatures, to achieve the desired result such as hardening or softening of a material. Heat treatment techniques include annealing, case hardening, precipitation strengthening, tempering, carburizing, normalizing and quenching. Although the term ''heat treatment'' applies only to processes where the heating and cooling are done for the specific purpose of altering properties intentionally, heating and cooling often occur incidentally during other manufacturing processes such as hot forming or welding. Physical processes Photomicrographs of steel. Top: In annealed (slowly cooled) steel, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Young's Modulus
Young's modulus (or the Young modulus) is a mechanical property of solid materials that measures the tensile or compressive stiffness when the force is applied lengthwise. It is the modulus of elasticity for tension or axial compression. Young's modulus is defined as the ratio of the stress (force per unit area) applied to the object and the resulting axial strain (displacement or deformation) in the linear elastic region of the material. Although Young's modulus is named after the 19th-century British scientist Thomas Young, the concept was developed in 1727 by Leonhard Euler. The first experiments that used the concept of Young's modulus in its modern form were performed by the Italian scientist Giordano Riccati in 1782, pre-dating Young's work by 25 years. The term modulus is derived from the Latin root term '' modus'', which means ''measure''. Definition Young's modulus, E, quantifies the relationship between tensile or compressive stress \sigma (force per unit ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ultimate Tensile Strength
Ultimate tensile strength (also called UTS, tensile strength, TS, ultimate strength or F_\text in notation) is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking. In brittle materials, the ultimate tensile strength is close to the yield point, whereas in ductile materials, the ultimate tensile strength can be higher. The ultimate tensile strength is usually found by performing a tensile test and recording the engineering stress versus strain. The highest point of the stress–strain curve is the ultimate tensile strength and has units of stress. The equivalent point for the case of compression, instead of tension, is called the compressive strength. Tensile strengths are rarely of any consequence in the design of ductile members, but they are important with brittle members. They are tabulated for common materials such as alloys, composite materials, ceramics, plastics, and wood. Definition The ultimate tensile strength of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yield Strength
In materials science and engineering, the yield point is the point on a stress–strain curve that indicates the limit of elastic behavior and the beginning of plastic behavior. Below the yield point, a material will deform elastically and will return to its original shape when the applied stress is removed. Once the yield point is passed, some fraction of the deformation will be permanent and non-reversible and is known as plastic deformation. The yield strength or yield stress is a material property and is the stress corresponding to the yield point at which the material begins to deform plastically. The yield strength is often used to determine the maximum allowable load in a mechanical component, since it represents the upper limit to forces that can be applied without producing permanent deformation. For most metals, such as aluminium and cold-worked steel, there is a gradual onset of non-linear behavior, and no precise yield point. In such a case, the offset yield p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thermal Expansion
Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to increase in length, area, or volume, changing its size and density, in response to an increase in temperature (usually excluding phase transitions). Substances usually contract with decreasing temperature (thermal contraction), with rare exceptions within limited temperature ranges ('' negative thermal expansion''). Temperature is a monotonic function of the average molecular kinetic energy of a substance. As energy in particles increases, they start moving faster and faster, weakening the intermolecular forces between them and therefore expanding the substance. When a substance is heated, molecules begin to vibrate and move more, usually creating more distance between themselves. The relative expansion (also called strain) divided by the change in temperature is called the material's coefficient of linear thermal expansion and generally varies with temperature. Prediction If an equation of state is available, it can be used t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
