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57th Infantry Regiment (Ottoman Army)
The 57th Infantry Regiment (Turkish language, Turkish: ''57'nci Piyade Alayı'' or ''Elli Yedinci Piyade Alayı'') or simply 57th Regiment (Turkish: ''57 nci Alay'' or ''Elli Yedinci Alay'') was a regiment of the Ottoman Army (1861–1922), Ottoman Army during World War I. In response to the landing at Anzac Cove of Australian and New Zealand forces on 25 April 1915 the 57th Regiment counterattacked, slowed the Allied advance and lost about half of its personnel. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal later noted that the 57th Regiment was "a famous regiment this, because it was completely wiped out". History Establishment The 57th Infantry Regiment can trace its establishment back to either 9 December 1880 or 25 December 1892 depending upon the sources. It was formed as part of the 29th Brigade of the 15th Division. Its first commander was Colonel Mehmet Rıza from Istanbul who was soon after succeeded by Colonel Mehmet Izzet. Italo-Turkish War and Balkan Wars The regiment deplo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries. The empire emerged from a Anatolian beyliks, ''beylik'', or principality, founded in northwestern Anatolia in by the Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. His successors Ottoman wars in Europe, conquered much of Anatolia and expanded into the Balkans by the mid-14th century, transforming their petty kingdom into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed II. With its capital at History of Istanbul#Ottoman Empire, Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and control over a significant portion of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vardar Army
The Vardar Army of the Ottoman Empire ( Turkish: ''Vardar Ordusu'') was one of the field armies under the command of the Western Army. It was formed during the mobilisation phase of the First Balkan War. Order of Battle, October 19, 1912 On October 19, 1912, the army was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913'', Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 170. * Vardar Army HQ (Serbian Front, concentration center: Kumanovo Kumanovo ( ; , sq-definite, Kumanova; also known by other #Etymology, alternative names) is the second-largest city in North Macedonia after the capital Skopje and the seat of Kumanovo Municipality, the List of municipalities in the Republic ...) ** V Corps *** 13th Division, 15th Division, 16th Division ***İştip Redif Division ** VI Corps *** 17th Division, 18th Division ***Manastır Redif Division, Drama Redif Division ** VII Corps *** 19th Division ***Üsküp Redif Division, Priştine Redif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ANZAC Cove
Anzac Cove () is a small cove on the Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey. It became famous as the site of World War I landing of the ANZACs (Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) on 25 April 1915. The cove is long, bounded by the headlands of ''Arıburnu'' to the north and Little Arıburnu, known as Hell Spit, to the south. Following the landing at Anzac Cove, the beach became the main base for the Australian and New Zealand troops for the eight months of the Gallipoli campaign. Gallipoli campaign, 1915–1916 The first objective for soldiers coming ashore in enemy-held territory was to establish a beachhead, a safe section of beach protected from enemy attack where supplies and extra troops could be safely brought ashore. Anzac Cove was always within of the front-line, well within the range of Turkish artillery, though spurs from the high ground of Plugge's Plateau, which rose above Arıburnu, provided some protection. General William Birdwood, commander of Anzac, made his head ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eceabat
Eceabat is a small town in Çanakkale Province in the Marmara Region of Turkey, located on the eastern shore of the Gelibolu Peninsula, on the Dardanelles Strait. It is the seat of Eceabat District.İlçe Belediyesi Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 1 March 2023. Its population is 5,636 (2021). The town lies at sea level. It is an almost entirely modern town. Eceabat is the departure point for the annual swim across the to on the other side of the Dardanelles Strait. Eceabat is the nearest town to the |
Åžefik Aker
Mehmed Şefik (1877 – 6 February 1964) known as Şefik Aker after the 1934 Surname Law, was an officer of the Ottoman Army and the Turkish Army. He is best known for his service during the Gallipoli campaign and in particular the defense he led during the first day of the Allied landing on 25 April 1915. He subsequently served in a number of senior roles during the rest of World War I and during the War of Independence. Career Early life Şefik was born an Albanian family in 1877 to Selim Bey in Kesriye which was part of the Province of Manastir of the Ottoman Empire in what is now Western Macedonia in modern Greece. He entered the Ottoman Military College in Istanbul in April 1894 where he was a successful student, though his achievements were not high enough upon his graduation with the rank of Lieutenant on 17 August 1896 for him to be selected to attend General Staff College. Following his graduation Şefik was appointed to lead a platoon in Debre in Albania. He serv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, Crown colony, colonies, protectorates, League of Nations mandate, mandates, and other Dependent territory, territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the English overseas possessions, overseas possessions and trading posts established by Kingdom of England, England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, and colonisation attempts by Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland during the 17th century. At its height in the 19th and early 20th centuries, it became the List of largest empires, largest empire in history and, for a century, was the foremost global power. By 1913, the British Empire held sway over 412 million people, of the world population at the time, and by 1920, it covered , of the Earth's total land area. As a result, Westminster system, its constitutional, Common law, legal, English language, linguistic, and Culture of the United Kingdom, cultural legacy is widespread. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
27th Infantry Regiment (Ottoman Empire)
The 27th Infantry Regiment (Turkish: or ) or simply 27th Regiment (Turkish: or ) was a regiment of the Ottoman Army during World War I. It is best known for its response to the landing at Anzac Cove of Australian and New Zealand forces on 25 April 1915 during the Gallipoli campaign. History The date of the regiment's formation is unknown. World War I At the start of World War I the regiment was assigned to the 9th Division. In September 1914 the 27th Regiment and the 9th Division relocated to the Gallipoli Peninsula. Following the appointment of Lieutenant Colonel Irfan to command the Menderes Detachment on 10 November 1914 Kolağası (Major) Mehmed Şefik was appointed to replace him as commander of the 27th Regiment of the 9th division. On 29 November 1914 Şefik was promoted to the rank of Binbaşı (Lieutenant Colonel). While its officers were from various parts of the Ottoman Empire most of the conscripts and NCOs of the 27th Regiment came from the Gallipoli Peninsula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surname Law
The Surname Law () of the Republic of Turkey is a law adopted on 21 June 1934, requiring all citizens of Turkey to adopt the use of fixed, hereditary surnames. Prior to 1934, Turkish families in the major urban centres had names by which they were known locally (often ending with the suffixes ''-zade'', ''-oğlu'' or ''-gil''), and were used in similar manner to a surname. The Surname Law of 1934 enforced the use of official surnames but also stipulated that citizens choose Turkish names. Until it was repealed in 2013, the eldest male was the head of household and Turkish law appointed him to choose the surname. However, in his absence, death, or mental incapacitation the wife would do so. Origin Instead of a European style surname, Muslims in the Ottoman Empire carried titles such as "Pasha", "Hoca", " Bey", " Hanım", " Agha", " Effendi". These titles either defined their formal profession (such as Pasha, Hoca, etc.) or their informal status within the society (such as Bey, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmet Zeki Soydemir
Ahmet Zeki Soydemir (1883; Selanik (Thessaloniki) – 4 September 1954; Istanbul) was an officer of the Ottoman Army and a general of the Turkish Army. He fought in the First Balkan War and World War I. The cavalry division under his command was one of the first to liberate Smyrna from the Greek Forces during the Turkish War of Independence. He served as the Commander of the Gendarmerie. Entered politics, he was a member of parliament between 1935 and 1950. Personal life and education Ahmet Zeki was born in Selanik, Ottoman Greece in 1883. He graduated from the Ottoman Army War College in 1905 in the rank of a lieutenant. He continued his military education at the Ottoman War Academy, and graduated in 1908 as a captain eminent. Military career Until 1912, he served in various officer ranks of the Ottoman Army. Balkan War He was appointed commander of the 3rd Company of the Akhisar Battalionin the Çatalca Army on 28 November 1912, and was stationed at the Çatalca posi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kol Aghassi
''Kolağası'' (also written as ''Kol Ağası'', ''Kol Aghasi'') was a military rank of the Ottoman Army. It corresponds to a Senior Captain or an Adjutant Major. Erik Jan Zürcher, ''The Unionist Factor: The Role of the Committee of Union and Progress in the Turkish National Movement, 1905-1926'', BRILL, 1984, p. 64./ref> ''Kol Ağası'' is a compound word composed of ''Kol'' (column in Turkish) and ''Ağa'' (chief in Turkish). The rank was junior to the rank '' Binbaşı'' (Major), and senior to the rank ''Yüzbaşı'' (Captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader or highest rank officer of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police depa ...) in the Ottoman Army. Despite being a single rank, ''Kolağası'' was divided in two: ''Sağ Kolağası'' (Kolağası of the Right Flank) and ''Sol Kolağası'' (Kolağası of the Left Flank). ''Sağ K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th Infantry Division (Ottoman Empire)
The 19th Infantry Division was a formation of the Ottoman Army, during the Balkan Wars and the First World War. Formation :Commander: Lieutenant Colonel Mustafa Kemal Mustafa () is one of the names of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and the name means "chosen, selected, appointed, preferred", used as an Arabic given name and surname. Mustafa is a common name in the Muslim world. Given name Moustafa * Moustafa A ... * 57th Regiment: Major Hüseyin Avni **1st Battalion Captain Ahmet Zeki **2nd Battalion Captain Ata **3rd Battalion Captain Hayri *72nd Regiment: Major Mehmet Münir *77th Regiment: Major Saip *39th Artillery Regiment: Major Halil Galib (Tekaki) The 18th and 27th Regiments were also assigned to the division later in the Gallipoli campaign. References Military units and formations of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkan Wars Military units and formations of the Ottoman Empire in World War I Infantry divisions of the Ottoman Empire {{mil-unit-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
