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56th Guards Rifle Division
The 56th Guards Rifle Division was formed as an elite infantry division of the Red Army in June 1943, based on the 2nd formations of the 74th and 91st Rifle Brigades, and served in that role until after the end of the Great Patriotic War. Along with its "sister", the 65th Guards Rifle Division, the 56th was formed "out of sequence", that is, many Guards rifle divisions were higher numbered and formed earlier than the 56th. The division was immediately assigned to the 19th Guards Rifle Corps of the 10th Guards Army and remained under those headquarters for the duration of the war. It first saw action in Western Front's summer offensive, Operation Suvorov. On September 8 the 254th Guards Rifle Regiment was given the honorific title "in the name of Aleksandr Matrosov" and on September 25 the division as a whole was awarded the honorific "Smolensk" for its role in the liberation of that city. During the winter of 1943-44 it took part in the stubborn fighting north and east of Vitebs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Army Flag
Red is the color at the long wavelength end of the visible spectrum of light, next to Orange (colour), orange and opposite Violet (color), violet. It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–750 nanometres. It is a primary color in the RGB color model and a secondary color (made from magenta and yellow) in the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan. Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged Scarlet (color), scarlet and Vermilion, vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy (color), burgundy. Red pigment made from ochre was one of the first colors used in prehistoric art. The Ancient Egyptians and Mayan civilization, Mayans colored their faces red in ceremonies; Roman Empire, Roman generals had their bodies colored red to celebrate victories. It was also an important color in China, where it was used to color early pottery and later the gates and walls of palaces. In the Renaissance, the brillian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panther–Wotan Line
The Panther–Wotan line (), also known as the ''Ostwall'' ("Eastern Wall"), was a defensive line of the ''Wehrmacht'' on the Eastern Front of World War II from 1943 to 1944. The Panther–Wotan line ran from the Baltic Sea at Narva in the north, across the western Soviet Union, then along the Dnieper to the Black Sea. It was only partially built by the time the Red Army broke through the line in mid-1944. Planning In 1942, the ''Wehrmacht'' suffered a number of setbacks on the Eastern Front, causing its leadership to consider the establishment of defense lines. In early 1943, the German General Staff began to petition for the construction of fortifications and defenses-in-depth along the Dnieper river. Adolf Hitler rejected the establishment of defense lines proposed by Erich von Manstein, mainly for political reasons. Hitler also argued that the mere existence of such a developed defensive line would tempt soldiers to retreat from the actual front line. In August 1943, aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
120-PM-43 Mortar
The M1943 Mortar or 120-PM-43 () or the 120-mm mortar Model 1943 (), also known as the SAMOVAR, is a Soviet 120 millimeter calibre smoothbore mortar first introduced in 1943 as a modified version of the M1938 mortar. It virtually replaced the M1938 as the standard weapon for mortar batteries in all Soviet infantry battalions by the late 1980s, though the armies of the Warsaw Pact utilised both in their forces.US Army, ''FM 100-2-3 The Soviet Army: Troops, Organization and Equipment'', 5–60 Design This muzzle-loading mortar can be easily broken down into three parts – barrel, bipod and baseplate – for movement over short distances or towed by a GAZ-66 truck on a two-wheel tubular carriage. The baseplate mounting permits all-azimuth firing, however as with most Soviet mortars it was difficult to turn rapidly over a wide traverse. It could accommodate small-angle shifts of up to 6 degrees without having to shift the baseplate though. Variants It was copied in China as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
57 Mm Anti-tank Gun M1943 (ZiS-2)
The ZiS-2 () (GRAU index: 52-P-271) is a Soviet 57 mm anti-tank gun used during World War II. The ZiS-4 is a version of the gun that was meant to be installed in tanks. ''ZiS'' stands for ''Zavod imeni Stalina'' (Russian ''Завод имени Сталина'', 'Factory named after Stalin'), the official title of Artillery Factory No. 92, which produced the gun first. Development In the beginning of 1940 the design office of V. G. Grabin received a task from the artillery department to develop a powerful anti-tank gun. The head of this department, Marshal Kulik, and his subordinates estimated that the use of heavily armoured tanks by the USSR in the Winter War would not have gone unnoticed in Nazi Germany and would lead to the development of similar fighting machines there. There is also a chance that the department was influenced by German propaganda about the experimental multi-turreted "supertank" NbFz, i.e. heavier armour was attributed to this vehicle than it act ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
76 Mm Divisional Gun M1939 (USV)
The 76-mm divisional gun M1939 (F-22 USV or USV) (Russian: 76-мм дивизионная пушка обр. 1939 г. (Ф-22 УСВ or УСВ)) was a 76.2 mm cannon produced in the Soviet Union. It was adopted for Red Army service in 1939 and used extensively in World War II. The gun was designated as "divisional" - issued to batteries under the direct control of division headquarters. The F-22 USV was an intermediate model, coming between the F-22, which had limited anti-aircraft capability, and the simpler and cheaper ZiS-3, which eventually replaced it in production and service. Description The USV had a split-trail carriage with suspension; metal wheels with rubber tires were borrowed from the ZiS-5 truck. The gun featured semi-automatic vertical sliding breech block and Bofors-type cradle; recoil mechanism consisted of hydraulic recoil buffer and hydro-pneumatic recuperator. Sights and elevation controls were located on different sides of the barrel. The chamber fit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PM M1910
The Pulyemyot Maksima M1910 (), or PM M1910, is a heavy machine gun based on the Maxim gun, that was used by the Imperial Russian Army, Navy and Air Service during World War I, then by the Red, White and Green armies during the Russian Civil War The Russian Civil War () was a multi-party civil war in the former Russian Empire sparked by the 1917 overthrowing of the Russian Provisional Government in the October Revolution, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future. I ..., and later by the Soviet Armed Forces during World War II. Later the gun saw service in the Korean War, the Vietnam War and the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. History It was adopted in August 1910 and was derived from Hiram Maxim's Maxim gun, chambered for the standard Russian 7.62×54mmR rifle cartridge. The M1910 was mounted on a wheeled mount with a gun shield. In 1918–1920, 21,000 new Maxim M1910 machine guns were manufactured in Revolutionary Russia for the Red Army.Пулем� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PTRD-41
The PTRD-41 () is an anti-tank rifle that was produced and used from 1941 by the Soviet Red Army during World War II. It is a single-shot weapon which fires the 14.5×114 mm round, which was able to penetrate German tanks such as the Panzer III and early models of the Panzer IV. Although unable to penetrate the frontal armor of late-war German tanks, it could penetrate their thinner side and top armor at close ranges as well as thinly armored self-propelled guns and half-tracks. History In 1939, during the Soviet invasion of Poland, the USSR captured several hundred Polish kb ppanc wz. 35 anti-tank rifles, which had proved effective against German tanks during the September Campaign. A Russian engineer Vasily Degtyaryov copied its lock and several features of the German Panzerbüchse 38 when hasty construction of an anti-tank rifle was ordered in July 1941. The PTRD and the similar but semi-automatic PTRS-41 were the only individual anti-tank weapons available to the Red A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northwestern Front
The Northwestern Front (Russian: ''Северо-Западный фронт'') was a military formation of the Red Army during the Winter War and World War II. It was operational with the 7th and 13th Armies during the Winter War. It was re-created on 22 June 1941, the first day of the Eastern Front on the basis of the Baltic Special Military District. On 22 June the Front consisted of the 8th, 11th, and 27th Armies, as well as the 5th Airborne Corps and the headquarters of the 65th Rifle Corps. Combat history Winter War The staff of the Leningrad Military District. 1941 In the summer of 1941 all elements of the front commanded by General Colonel Fyodor Isodorovich Kuznetsov were involved in heavy fighting in the Baltic Republics and on the approaches and the outskirts of Leningrad. During first 18 days of the war the armies retreated over 450 km into Russia. On 14 July the Soviet 11th Army led a successful counter-offensive from Utogrosh and the Dno district to S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
11th Army (Soviet Union)
The 11th Army was an army of the Red Army during World War II. The army was formed in the Belarusian Special Military District (BSMD) in 1939 from the former Minsk Army Group. It fought in the Soviet invasion of Poland, the Baltic Operation, the Demyansk Pocket, and the Battle of Kursk. The army disbanded in December 1943. World War II In 1939, the 11th Army was formed in the Belarusian Special Military District (BSMD) from the former Minsk Army Group. It took part in the Soviet invasion of Poland. In the summer of 1940 it became part of the Baltic Military District (from 17 August 1940 the Baltic Special military district). During the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941, the 11th Army included the 16th Rifle Corps (which included the 5th, 33rd and 188th Rifle Divisions), the 29th Rifle Corps ( 179th and 184th Rifle Divisions), the 3rd Mechanised Corps (640 tanks), the 23rd, 126th and 128th Rifle Divisions, the 42nd (Siauliai) and 46th Fortified Regi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siberian Military District
The Siberian Military District was a Military district of the Russian Ground Forces. The district was originally formed as a military district of the Russian Empire in 1864. In 1924 it was reformed in the Red Army. After the end of World War II the district was split into the Western and Eastern Siberian Military Districts. In 1956 the western district's name was changed back to Siberian Military District, and in 1998 the Transbaikal Military District was merged into it. In 2010 it was divided between the two newly formed Central and Eastern Military Districts. History The Siberian Military District was originally formed in 1864, as the Western Siberian Military District, being one of the ten original military districts of the Russian Empire. It was renamed the Omsk Military District in 1882, until renamed again ''Western Siberian Military District'' in 1918-1919. The Siberian Military District was created in June 1924 with the consolidation of the Western, Central and Eastern S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barnaul
Barnaul (, ) is the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and administrative centre of Altai Krai, Russia, located at the confluence of the Barnaulka and Ob (river), Ob rivers in the West Siberian Plain. As of the Russian Census (2021), 2021 census, its population was 630,877, making it the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, 20th-largest city in Russia and the fourth-largest in the Siberian Federal District. Located in the south of western Siberia on the left bank of the Ob River, Barnaul is a major transport, industrial, cultural, medical and educational hub of Siberia. Barnaul was founded by the wealthy Demidov family, who intended to develop the production of copper and silver, which continued after the factories were taken over by the Crown. Barnaul became a major centre of silver production in Russia. Barnaul was granted city status in 1771. Administrative and municipal status Barnaul is the administrative centre of the krai.Charter o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elva, Estonia
Elva is a Populated places in Estonia, town in Elva Parish, Tartu County, Estonia. Elva has two large lakes: Lake Verevi, with a sandy and well-developed beach area that is very popular in the summer, and Lake Arbi, with wet reed grown shores. Elva's largest employer (and in all of southern Estonia) is GPV Estonia AS, subsidiary of GPV Group, providing electronics manufacturing services in industrial electronics. Elva has one school, Elva Gümnaasium, offering education from 1st grade to high school graduation. A dominant element in Elva is the train station which today is a visitors' information center and which used to be an important trade route in the past centuries. Detailed information on hikes on foot or by bicycle can be obtained from the visitors' information center. The Elva river, with old water mill sites and rapid banks, is popular for canoeing. In winter skiers can participate in the Tartu Marathon, belonging to the Worldloppet series. Its 60 km track from O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
