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525 Lines
525-line (or EIA 525/60) is an American standard-definition television resolution used since July 1, 1941, mainly in the context of analog TV broadcast systems. It consists of a 525-line raster, with 486 lines carrying the visible image at 30 (29.97 with color) interlaced frames per second. It was eventually adopted by countries using 60 Hz utility frequency as TV broadcasts resumed after World War II. With the introduction of color television in the 1950s,National Television System Committee (1951–1953), Report and Reports of Panel No. 11, 11-A, 12–19, with Some supplementary references cited in the Reports, and the Petition for adoption of transmission standards for color television before the Federal Communications Commission, n.p., 1953], 17 v. illus., diagrs., tables. 28 cm. LC Control No.:5402138Library of Congress Online Catalog/ref> it became associated with the NTSC analog color standard. The system was given their letter designation as CCIR System M in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
480i
480i is the video mode used for standard-definition digital video in the Caribbean, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Philippines, Myanmar, Western Sahara, and most of the Americas (with the exception of Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay). The other common standard definition digital standard, used in the rest of the world, is 576i. It originated from the need for a standard to digitize analog 525 line TV (defined in BT.601) and is now used for digital TV broadcasts and home appliances such as game consoles and DVD disc players. The ''480'' identifies a vertical resolution of 480 lines, and the ''i'' identifies it as an interlaced resolution. The field rate, which is 60 Hz (or 59.94 Hz when used with NTSC color), is sometimes included when identifying the video mode, i.e. 480i60; another notation, endorsed by both the International Telecommunication Union in BT.601 and SMPTE in SMPTE 259M, includes the frame rate, as in 480i/30. Although related, it should n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
D-2 (video)
D-2 is a professional digital videocassette format created by Ampex and introduced in 1988 at the NAB Show as a composite video alternative to the component video D-1 format. It garnered Ampex a technical Emmy in 1989. Like D-1, D-2 stores uncompressed digital video on a tape cassette; however, it stores a composite video signal, rather than component video as with D-1. While component video is superior for advanced editing, especially when chroma key effects are used, composite video was more compatible with most analog facilities existing at the time. History Ampex created the first D-2 video machine, the ACR-225 commercial spot player working with Sony, who had done some early research into composite digital video, as a cost-effective solution for TV broadcasters with large investments in composite analog infrastructure such as video routers and switchers, since it could be inserted into existing analog broadcast facilities without extensive redesign or modifications ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
D-1 (Sony)
D-1 or 4:2:2 Component Digital is an SMPTE digital recording video standard, introduced in 1986 through efforts by SMPTE engineering committees. It started as a Sony and Bosch – BTS product and was the first major professional digital video format. SMPTE standardized the format within ITU-R 601 (orig. CCIR-601), also known as Rec. 601, which was derived from SMPTE 125M and EBU 3246-E standards. Format D-1 or 4:2:2 D-1 (1986) was a major feat in real time, broadcast quality digital video recording. It stores uncompressed digitized component video, encoded at Y'CbCr 4:2:2 using the CCIR 601 raster format with 8 bits, along with PCM audio tracks as well as timecode on a 3/4 inch (19 mm) videocassette tape (though not to be confused with the ubiquitous 3/4-inch U-Matic/U-Matic SP cassette). The uncompressed component video used enormous bandwidth for its time: 167 Mbit/sec (bit rate). One of the first D-1 VTRs, the Sony DVR-1000, required a separa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Video CD
Video CD (abbreviated as VCD, and also known as Compact Disc Digital Video), (not to be confused with CD Video which is a type of Laserdisc) is a home video format and the first format for distributing films on standard optical discs. The format was widely adopted in all of Asia (except for Japan and South Korea), superseding the VHS and Betamax systems in those regions until DVD-Video became more affordable in the 2000s. The format is a standard digital data format for storing video on a compact disc. VCD discs/disc images are playable in dedicated VCD players and widely playable in most DVD players, personal computers and some video game consoles with an optical disc drive that is programmed to understand VCD discs. However, they are less playable in most Blu-ray Disc players, vehicle audio with DVD/Blu-ray support and video game consoles such as the Sony PlayStation and Xbox due to lack of backward compatibility for the older MPEG-1 format, inability to read MPEG-1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DVD-Video
DVD-Video is a consumer video format used to store digital video on DVDs. DVD-Video was the dominant consumer home video format in most of the world in the 2000s. As of 2024, it competes with the high-definition Blu-ray Disc, while both receive competition as delivery methods by streaming services such as Netflix and Disney+. Discs using the DVD-Video specification require a DVD drive and an MPEG-2 decoder (e.g., a DVD player, or a computer DVD drive with a software DVD player). Commercial DVD movies are encoded using a combination of MPEG-2 compressed video and audio of varying formats (often multi-channel formats as described below). Typically, the data rate for DVD movies ranges from 3 to 9.5 Mbit/s, and the bit rate is usually adaptive. DVD-Video was first available in Japan on October 19, 1996 (with major releases beginning December 20, 1996), followed by a release on March 24, 1997, in the United States. The DVD-Video specification was created by the DVD Forum a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SECAM
SECAM, also written SÉCAM (, ''Séquentiel de couleur à mémoire'', French for ''sequential colour memory''), is an analog color television system that was used in France, Russia and some other countries or territories of Europe and Africa. It was one of three major analog color television standards, the others being PAL and NTSC. Like PAL, a SECAM picture is also made up of 625 interlaced lines and is displayed at a rate of 25 frames per second (except SECAM-M). However, due to the way SECAM processes color information, it is not compatible with the PAL video format standard. SECAM video is composite video; the luminance (luma, monochrome image) and chrominance (chroma, color applied to the monochrome image) are transmitted together as one signal. All the countries using SECAM have either converted to DVB, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB), the new pan-European standard for digital television, or are currently in the Digital television transition, process of conversion. S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PAL-M
PAL-M was the analog color TV system used in Brazil since early 1972, making it the first South American country to broadcast in color. It is unique among analog TV systems in that it combines the 525-line 30 frames-per-second System M with the PAL color encoding system (using very nearly the NTSC color subcarrier frequency), unlike all other countries which pair PAL with 625-line systems and NTSC with 525-line systems. Color broadcasts began on 19 February 1972, when a TV station in Caxias do Sul, TV Difusora, transmitted the Caxias do Sul Grape Festival in collaboration with TV Rio. Transition from black and white to color on most programs was not complete until 1978, and only became commonplace nationwide by 1980. Origins NTSC being the "natural" choice for countries with monochrome standard M, the choice of a different color system poses problems of incompatibility with available hardware and the need to develop new television sets and production hardware. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Analog Television
Analog television is the original television technology that uses analog signals to transmit video and audio. In an analog television broadcast, the brightness, colors and sound are represented by amplitude, instantaneous phase and frequency, phase and frequency of an analog signal. Analog signals vary over a continuous range of possible values which means that electronic noise and interference may be introduced. Thus with analog, a moderately weak signal becomes Noise (video), snowy and subject to interference. In contrast, picture quality from a digital television (DTV) signal remains good until the signal level drops below digital cliff, a threshold where reception is no longer possible or becomes intermittent. Analog television may be wireless (terrestrial television and satellite television) or can be distributed over a cable network as cable television. All broadcast television systems used analog signals before the arrival of DTV. Motivated by the lower bandwidth requ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CCIR System M
CCIR System M, sometimes called 525–line, NTSC, NTSC-M, or CCIR-M, is the analog broadcast television system approved by the FCC (upon recommendation by the National Television System Committee - NTSC) for use in the United States since July 1, 1941, replacing the 441-line TV system introduced in 1938. It is also known as EIA standard 170. System M comprises a total of 525 interlaced lines of video, of which 486 contain the image information, at 30 frames per second. Video is amplitude modulated and audio is frequency modulated, with a total bandwidth of 6 MHz for each channel, including a guard band. It was also adopted in the Americas and Caribbean; Myanmar, Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan and Japan (here with minor differences, informally referred to as ''System J)''. System M doesn't specify a color system, but NTSC color encoding was normally used, with some exceptions: NTSC-J in Japan, PAL-M in Brazil and SECAM-M in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam (see '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NTSC-J
NTSC-J or "System J" is the informal designation for the analogue television standard used in Japan. The system is based on the US NTSC ( NTSC-M) standard with minor differences. While NTSC-M is an official CCIR and FCCNational Television System Committee (1951–1953), Report and Reports of Panel No. 11, 11-A, 12–19, with Some supplementary references cited in the Reports, and the Petition for adoption of transmission standards for color television before the Federal Communications Commission, n.p., 1953], 17 v. illus., diagrs., tables. 28 cm. LC Control No.:5402138Library of Congress Online Catalog/ref> standard, NTSC-J or "System J" are a colloquial indicators. The system was introduced by NHK and NTV, with regular color broadcasts starting on September 10, 1960. NTSC-J was replaced by digital broadcasts in 44 of the country's 47 prefectures on 24 July 2011. Analogue broadcasting ended on 31 March 2012 in the three prefectures devastated by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Telecommunication Union
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU)In the other common languages of the ITU: * * is a list of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for many matters related to information and communications technology, information and communication technologies. It was established on 17 May 1865 as the International Telegraph Union, the first formal and permanent international organization. The organization significantly predates the UN, making it the oldest UN agency. Doreen Bogdan-Martin is the Secretary-General of ITU, the first woman to serve as its head. The ITU was initially aimed at helping connect Telegraphy, telegraphic networks between countries, with its mandate consistently broadening with the advent of new communications technologies; it adopted its current name in 1932 to reflect its expanded responsibilities over radio and the telephone. On 15 November 1947, the ITU entered into an agreement with the newly cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
