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5-MeO-MiPT
5-MeO-MiPT is a psychedelic and hallucinogen of the tryptamine family. It used by some as an entheogen. It has structural and pharmacodynamic properties similar to the drugs 5-MeO-DiPT, DiPT, and MiPT. It is commonly used as a "substitute" for 5-MeO-DiPT because of the very similar structure and effects. The drug acts as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. 5-MeO-MiPT was first described in the scientific literature by Alexander Shulgin and colleagues in 1985. Dosage Based on Shulgin's personal experience, dosage for an adult male of approximately 200lbs weight: Dosage: 4–6mg, orally; 12–20mg, smoked Duration: 4–6hours A wider recreational dosage range of 0.5 to 20mg or more orally has also been reported. Effects This is an analogue of the more popular drug 5-MeO-DiPT (nicknamed "foxy methoxy") and has the nickname "moxy". Some users report the tactile effects of 5-MeO-DiPT without some of the unwanted side eff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substituted Tryptamine
Substituted tryptamines, or simply tryptamines, also known as serotonin analogues (i.e., 5-hydroxytryptamine analogues), are organic compounds which may be thought of as being derived from tryptamine itself. The molecular structures of all tryptamines contain an indole ring, joined to an amino group, amino (NH2) group via an ethyl (−CH2–CH2−) side chain, sidechain. In substituted tryptamines, the indole ring, sidechain, and/or amino group are modified by substituting another group for one of the hydrogen (H) atoms. Well-known tryptamines include serotonin, an important neurotransmitter, and melatonin, a hormone involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle. Tryptamine alkaloids are found in fungi, plants and animals; and sometimes used by humans for the neurological or psychotropic effects of the substance. Prominent examples of tryptamine alkaloids include psilocybin (from "psilocybin mushrooms") and dimethyltryptamine, DMT. In South America, dimethyltryptamine is obtained f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DiPT
Diisopropyltryptamine (DiPT), also known as ''N'',''N''-diisopropyltryptamine, is a Psychedelic drug, psychedelic Psychedelics, dissociatives and deliriants, hallucinogenic drug of the substituted tryptamine, tryptamine family that has a unique effect. While the majority of hallucinogens affect the visual sense, DiPT is primarily Auditory hallucination, aural. Dosage Alexander Shulgin in ''TiHKAL'' gave a dosage range of DiPT of 25 to 100mg oral administration, orally and a duration of action, duration of 6 to 8hours. A wider recreational drug, recreational dose range for DiPT of 15 to 150mg or more has also been reported. Effects DiPT's effects are primarily aural. At lower doses, Alexander Shulgin reported effects similar to a flanging or a Phase (waves), phase shift. At medium and higher dosages, the effect of DiPT is typically a radical shift downward in perceived Pitch (music), pitch. This shift tends to be nonlinear, in that the shift downwards varies in relation to the in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
N-Methyl-N-isopropyltryptamine
''N''-methyl-''N''-isopropyltryptamine (MiPT) is a psychedelic tryptamine, closely related to DMT, DiPT and miprocin. It was first synthesized by David Repke in 1984 and was subsequently evaluated and described in Alexander Shulgin's 1997 book TiHKAL. Chemistry MiPT is the N-isopropyl analog of DMT and the N-methyl analog of DiPT. MiPT base, unlike many other tryptamines in their freebase form, does not decompose rapidly in the presence of light or oxygen. In August 2019, Chadeayne et al. solved the crystal structure of fumarate salt of MiPT. Dosage Moderate effects have been reported at 10-25 mg ingested orally, with effects lasting 4–8 hours. One of the test subjects in TiHKAL reported moderate effects at 20 mg ingested intranasally. Effects In TiHKAL, the subjective experience is reported to be biased towards mental (psychedelic/entheogenic) effects, with mild perceptual (sensory/hallucinogenic) alterations relative to other tryptamines. Subjects reported enhancem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychedelic Drug
Psychedelics are a subclass of hallucinogenic drugs whose primary effect is to trigger non-ordinary mental states (known as psychedelic experiences or "trips") and a perceived "expansion of consciousness". Also referred to as classic hallucinogens or serotonergic hallucinogens, the term ''psychedelic'' is sometimes used more broadly to include various other types of hallucinogens as well, such as those which are atypical or adjacent to psychedelia like salvia and MDMA, respectively. Classic psychedelics generally cause specific psychological, visual, and auditory changes, and oftentimes a substantially altered state of consciousness. They have had the largest influence on science and culture, and include mescaline, LSD, psilocybin, and DMT. There are a large number of both naturally occurring and synthetic serotonergic psychedelics. Most psychedelic drugs fall into one of the three families of chemical compounds: tryptamines, phenethylamines, or lysergamides. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5-HT1A Receptor
The serotonin 1A receptor (or 5-HT1A receptor) is a subtype of serotonin receptors, or 5-HT receptors, that binds serotonin, also known as 5-HT, a neurotransmitter. 5-HT1A is expressed in the brain, spleen, and neonatal kidney. It is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), coupled to the Gi protein, and its activation in the brain mediates hyperpolarization and reduction of firing rate of the postsynaptic neuron. In humans, the serotonin 1A receptor is encoded by the HTR1A gene. Distribution The 5-HT1A receptor is the most widespread of all the 5-HT receptors. In the central nervous system, 5-HT1A receptors exist in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, Septum pellucidum, septum, amygdala, and Raphe nuclei, raphe nucleus in high densities, while low amounts also exist in the basal ganglia and thalamus. The 5-HT1A receptors in the raphe nucleus are largely somatodendritic autoreceptors, whereas those in other areas such as the hippocampus are postsynaptic receptors. Function Neur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5-HT2B Receptor
5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (5-HT2B) also known as serotonin receptor 2B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HTR2B'' gene. 5-HT2B is a member of the 5-HT2 receptor, 5-HT2 receptor family that binds the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). Like all 5-HT2 receptors, the 5-HT2B receptor is Gq protein, Gq/G11-protein coupled, leading to downstream activation of phospholipase C. Tissue distribution and function First discovered in the stomach of rats, 5-HT2B was challenging to characterize initially because of its structural similarity to the other 5-HT2 receptors, particularly 5-HT2C. The 5-HT2 receptors (of which the 5-HT2B receptor is a subtype) mediate many of the central and peripheral physiologic functions of serotonin. Cardiovascular effects include contraction of blood vessels and shape changes in platelets; central nervous system (CNS) effects include neuronal sensitization to tactile stimuli and mediation of some of the effects of halluci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5-MeO-DiPT
5-MeO-DiPT, also known as 5-methoxy-''N'',''N''-diisopropyltryptamine and sometimes as foxy methoxy or simply foxy, is a psychedelic drug of the tryptamine and 5-methoxytryptamine families. It is the 5-methoxy derivative of diisopropyltryptamine (DiPT). Dosage In '' TiHKAL'' and other publications, Alexander Shulgin reported the dosage of 5-MeO-DiPT to be 6 to 12mg orally, its onset to be 20 to 30minutes, its time to peak effects to be 1 to 1.5hours, and its duration to be 4 to 8hours. The drug can also be used intranasally. Effects The effects of 5-MeO-DiPT are reported to include psychedelic-like effects and pro-sexual effects, among others. It is said to be associated with relatively few visual changes. Only at higher doses have closed-eye visuals occurred. On the other hand, 5-MeO-DiPT is said to produce some of the auditory distortions that DiPT is associated with. 5-MeO-DiPT is reported to be more like a stimulant, party drug, and sexual enhancer than a psyche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5-HT1D Receptor
5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1D, also known as HTR1D, is a 5-HT receptor, but also denotes the human gene encoding it. 5-HT1D acts on the central nervous system, and affects locomotion and anxiety. It also induces vasoconstriction in the brain. Tissue distribution 5HT1D receptors are found at low levels in the basal ganglia (globus pallidus, substantia nigra, caudate putamen), the hippocampus, and in the cortex. Structure 5HT1D receptor is a G protein linked receptor that activates an intracellular messenger cascade to produce an inhibitory response by decreasing cellular levels of cAMP. The 5HT1D is a 7-TM receptor. A large intercellular loop between TM-5 and TM-6 is believed to be associated with coupling to a second messenger. Agonists might bind in a manner that utilizes an aspartate residue in TM-3 and residues in the TM-4, TM-5 and TM-6. A human clone containing an intronless open reading frame was found to encode 377 amino acids of the 5HT1D receptor. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacteria, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (biology), cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity). Sometimes the word is more or less synonymous with poison#Poisoning, poisoning in everyday usage. A central concept of toxicology is that the effects of a toxicant are Dose (biochemistry), dose-dependent; even water can lead to water intoxication when taken in too high a dose, whereas for even a very toxic substance such as snake venom there is a dose below which there is no detectable toxic effect. Toxicity is species-specific, making cross-species analysis problematic. Newer paradigms and metrics are evolving to bypass animal testing, while maintaining the concept of toxicity endpoints. Etymology In Ancient G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5-HT1B Receptor
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B also known as the 5-HT1B receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HTR1B'' gene. The 5-HT1B receptor is a 5-HT receptor subtype. Tissue distribution and function 5-HT1B receptors are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system with the highest concentrations found in the frontal cortex, basal ganglia, striatum, and the hippocampus. The function of the 5-HT1B receptor differs depending upon its location. In the frontal cortex, it is believed to act as a terminal receptor inhibiting the release of dopamine. In the basal ganglia and the striatum, evidence suggests 5-HT signaling acts on an autoreceptor, inhibiting the release of serotonin and decreasing glutamatergic transmission by reducing miniature excitatory postsynaptic potential (mEPSP) frequency, respectively. In the hippocampus, a recent study has demonstrated that activation of postsynaptic 5-HT1B heteroreceptors produces a facilitation in excitatory synapt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diário Oficial Da União
The ''Diário Oficial da União'' (literally ''Official Diary of the Union''), abbreviated DOU, is the government gazette, official gazette of the Federal Government of Brazil, Federal Government of Brazil. It is published since 1 October 1862 and was created via the Imperial Decree 1,177 of its 9 September as the ''Official Journal of the Empire of Brazil''. Its current name was adopted after Brazil became a federal republic, and the "Union" came into being as the legal personality of the new federal government. The official journal is published by the Imprensa Nacional, Brazilian National Press. Though the journal has been published since 1862, it had many predecessors, as follows: # Gazeta do Rio de Janeiro (10/9/1808 – 29.12.1821) # Gazeta do Rio (1/1/1822 – 31/12/1822) # Diário do Governo (2/1/1823 – 28/6/1833) # Diário Fluminense (21/5/1824 – 24/4/1831) # Correio Oficial (1/7/1833 – 30/6/1836) e (2/1/1830 – 30/12/1840) # Without proper journal (31/12/1840 – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5-HT1E Receptor
5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) 1E receptor (5-HT1E) is a highly expressed human G-protein coupled receptor that belongs to the 5-HT1 receptor family (Gi-coupled serotonin receptor). The human gene is denoted as HTR1E. Function The function of the 5-HT1E receptor is unknown due to the lack of selective pharmacological tools, specific antibodies, and permissive animal models. The 5-HT1E receptor gene lacks polymorphisms amongst humans (few mutations), indicating a high degree of evolutionary conservation of genetic sequence, which suggests that the 5-HT1E receptor has an important physiological role in humans. It is hypothesized that the 5-HT1E receptor is involved in the regulation of memory in humans due to the high abundance of receptors in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and olfactory bulb, all of which are regions of the brain integral to memory regulation. This receptor is unique among the serotonin receptors in that it is not known to be expressed by rats or mouse spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
