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4th Airborne Corps (Soviet Union)
The 4th Airborne Corps was an airborne corps of the Red Army in World War II. It fought in the Vyazma airborne operation, an unsuccessful landing during the Rzhev-Vyazma Offensive. History The corps was formed in the spring of 1941 in the Western Special Military District from the personnel of the 214th Airborne Brigade. The corps was commanded by Aleksey Semenovich Zhadov. On 22 June 1941, the corps was stationed in the Western Front's second echelon in Pukhavichy in Minsk Region. On 26 June, the corps was ordered to conduct an air-assault and ground attack with the 20th Mechanized Corps to stop advancing German troops at Slutsk. The corps did not have transport aircraft and instead attacked on foot. The counterattack failed and both corps were broken through. In late June, the 214th Airborne Brigade was redeployed by truck to the area of the road at Glusk to operate in the rear of advancing German troops at Babruysk. The main forces of the corps, the 7th and 8th Airborn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Airborne
The Soviet Airborne Forces or VDV (from ''Vozdushno-Parachuting, desantnye voyska SSSR'', Russian: Воздушно-десантные войска СССР, ВДВ; Air-landing Forces) was a military branch, separate troops branch of the Soviet Armed Forces. First formed before the Second World War, the force undertook two significant airborne operations and a number of smaller jumps during the war and for many years after 1945 was the largest airborne force in the world. The force was split after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, with the core becoming the Russian Airborne Forces, losing divisions to Armed Forces of Belarus#Belarus Ground Forces, Belarus and Ukrainian Air Assault Forces, Ukraine. Troops of the Soviet Airborne Forces traditionally wore a sky blue beret and blue-striped ''telnyashka'' and they were named ''desant'' (Russian: Десант) from the French ''Descente''. The Soviet Airborne Forces were noted for their relatively large number of vehicles, specific ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mogilev
Mogilev (; , ), also transliterated as Mahilyow (, ), is a city in eastern Belarus. It is located on the Dnieper, Dnieper River, about from the Belarus–Russia border, border with Russia's Smolensk Oblast and from Bryansk Oblast. As of 2024, it has a population of 353,110. In 2011, its population was 360,918, up from an estimated 106,000 in 1956. It serves as the administrative centre of Mogilev Region, and is the List of cities and largest towns in Belarus, third-largest city in Belarus. History The city was first mentioned in historical records in 1267. From the 14th century, it was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and since the Union of Lublin (1569), it has been part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, where it became known as ''Mohylew''. In the 16th and 17th centuries, the city flourished as one of the main nodes of the east-west and north-south trading routes. In 1577, Grand Duke Stefan Batory granted it Magdeburg law, city rights under Magdeburg law. In 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rzhev-Vyazma Operation
The Battles of Rzhev () were a series of Red Army offensives against the Wehrmacht between 8 January 1942 and 31 March 1943, on the Eastern Front of World War II. The battles took place in the northeast of Smolensk Oblast and the south of Tver Oblast, in and around the salient surrounding Rzhev. Due to the high losses suffered by the Red Army, the campaign became known by veterans and historians as the "Rzhev Meat Grinder" (). Overview The major operations that were executed in this area of the front were: #Rzhev–Vyazma strategic offensive operation (8 January20 April 1942) of the Kalinin Front, Western Front, Bryansk Front, and Northwestern Front #*Sychyovka–Vyazma offensive operation (8 January20 April 1942) of the Kalinin Front #* Mozhaysk–Vyazma offensive operation (Operation Jupiter) (10 January28 February 1942) of the Western Front #* Toropets–Kholm offensive operation (9 January6 February 1942) of the Northwestern Front and reassigned to the Kalinin Front from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lyubertsy
Lyubertsy (, ) is a city and the administrative center of Lyuberetsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia. Demographics Population: History It was first mentioned in 1621 and was granted town status in 1925. It is sometimes described as a working class suburb of Moscow.''The New York Times''"Fear of Return to '90s Hardship Fuels Support for Putin" A political analysis by Michael Schwirtz. March 3, 2012. In 1909 International Harvester bought now defunct Uhtomsky factory which before produced railway air brakes and was called "New York" and was repurposed to produce agricultural equipment. It was closed in 2007. Lyubertsy was home to the Lyubers Soviet sports youth movement in the 1980s. During the perestroika years of the 1990s, the Lyubers, and by association Lyubertsy, formed a part of the emerging organized crime syndicates. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Lyubertsy serves as the administrative center of Lyuberets ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vyazma
Vyazma () is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town and the administrative center of Vyazemsky District, Smolensk Oblast, Vyazemsky District in Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Vyazma River, about halfway between Smolensk, the administrative center of the oblast, and Mozhaysk. Throughout its turbulent history, it defended western approaches to Moscow. Population: 44,000 (1970). History Medieval history and monuments Vyazma was first mentioned in a chronicle under the year of 1230, although it is believed to be much older than that. The town was named after the river, whose name was from Russian word "" (''vyaz), meaning "bog" or "swamp".Е. М. Поспелов. "Географические названия мира". Москва, 1998, стр. 108. At the time, the town belonged to a lateral branch of the Rurik dynasty, Rurikid House of Smolensk, and carried on a lively trade with Narva on the Gulf of Finland. In 1403, the local princes were expe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volokolamsk
Volokolamsk () is a town and the administrative center of Volokolamsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Gorodenka River, not far from its confluence with the Lama River, northwest of Moscow. Population: 25,729 (2024 Estimate); History It was first mentioned in the Voskresensk Chronicle under the year 1135. It was built by Novgorodian merchants on a portage (/Volok) on a waterway from Novgorod to Moscow and Ryazan, hence the name "Volokolamsk" (i.e., "Volok on the Lama"). In 1178, the town was burned by Vsevolod the Big Nest, who added it to Vladimir-Suzdal lands. His son Yaroslav II restored it to Novgorod in 1231. After the Mongol invasion of Rus', the town was divided into two parts: one assigned to Novgorod and another one to the Grand Dukes of Vladimir. The Principality of Tver failed to take it in 1273. Ivan Kalita presented his part of the town to the boyar Rodion Nestorovich, who presently wrested the other part from Novgorod. In 1345, Simeon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Klin, Klinsky District, Moscow Oblast
Klin (, lit. ''a wedge'') is a town and the administrative center of Klinsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located northwest of Moscow. Population: 94,000 (1985 est.). History It has been known since 1317. In 1482, it was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Moscow with the rest of the Principality of Tver. Town status was granted in 1781. Klin was taken by the Germans briefly during the Battle of Moscow in 1941. The German occupation lasted from November 23 to December 15, 1941. A short time later, on December 19, the British Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden and the Soviet ambassador to the United Kingdom Ivan Maysky visited the town with more than twenty correspondents during Eden's first diplomatic mission to Moscow. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Klin serves as the administrative center of Klinsky District.Resolution #123-PG As an administrative division, it is, together with sixty-one rural ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaluga
Kaluga (, ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast, Russia. It stands on the Oka River southwest of Moscow. Its population was 337,058 at the 2021 census. Kaluga's most famous resident, the space travel pioneer Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, worked there as a school teacher from 1892 to 1935. The Tsiolkovsky State Museum of the History of Cosmonautics in Kaluga is dedicated to his theoretical achievements and to their practical implementations for modern space research, hence the motto on the city's coat of arms: , ''Kolybélʹ kosmonávtiki'' ("''The Cradle of Space-Exploration''"). History Kaluga, founded in the mid-14th century as a border fortress on the southwestern borders of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, first appears in the historical record in chronicles in the 14th century as ''Koluga''; the name comes from Old Russian ''kaluga'' is "bog, quagmire". During the period of Tartar raids it was the western end of the Oka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volga
The Volga (, ) is the longest river in Europe and the longest endorheic basin river in the world. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Caspian Sea. The Volga has a length of , and a catchment area of .«Река Волга» , Russian State Water Registry It is also Europe's largest river in terms of average discharge at delta – between and – and of . It is widely regarded as the national river of |
Trubchevsk
Trubchevsk (, ) is a town and the administrative center of Trubchevsky District in Bryansk Oblast, Russia, located about south of the city of Bryansk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: History An old Severian town, Trubchevsk was first mentioned as Trubetsk in East Slavic manuscripts describing the events of 1164 and 1183, although the locally 975 is regarded as the year of its foundation. At that early period, it was variously called Trubech (), Trubetsk (), Trubchesk (), or Trubezhsk (). The town is referred to in the great Old Russian poem, ''The Tale of Igor's Campaign''. This poem calls for the princes of the various Slavic lands to join forces in resisting the invasions of the nomadic Cuman people. The poem also glorified the courage of the army of Vsevolod Svyatoslavich, the ruler of Kursk and Trubchevsk. Originally a minor center of Severia, Trubchevsk had its own princes sporadically throughout the Middle Ages, in 1164–1196, 1202–1211, 1212 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Starodub
Starodub (, , ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town in Bryansk Oblast, Russia, on the Babinets (river), Babinets River in the Dnieper basin, southwest of Bryansk. Population: 16,000 (1975). History Starodub has been known since the 11th century, when it was a part of the Principality of Chernigov. It was plundered by the Cumans in 1080. It was burned to the ground by the Mongol Empire, Mongols in the 13th century. It became a part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 14th century (soon part of the Polish–Lithuanian union), and Grand Duke Algirdas rebuilt it as a defensive stronghold against Grand Duchy of Moscow, Muscovites and Tatars. In 1408, it was granted to Duke Švitrigaila. In 1503, it passed to the Grand Duchy of Moscow. In 1535, it was besieged and captured by Polish-Lithuanian forces and the defenders were executed however, it soon fell back to Muscovy. In 1616, it was recaptured by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, within which it became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unecha
Unecha (), a town and the administrative center of Unechsky District in Bryansk Oblast, Russia, stands on the Unecha River (within the Dnieper's drainage basin, basin) southwest of Bryansk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: History Historically, the territory at various times formed part of Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Lithuania, Grand Duchy of Moscow, Muscovy, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russia. Town status was granted in 1940. From 1936 to 1951 Unecha was the home station for the Unecha motive branch of the Belarusian railway. From September 1943 to March 1944 the Directorate of the Belarusian railway was situated in the town. Prior to World War II, about 12% of inhabitants were Jews. 1,708 Jews were living in Unecha. The town was occupied by the German army in the middle of August 1941. A large number of Jews managed to flee to the east before the Germans’ arrival. Shortly after the German occupation, the Jews were distinguished and forbid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
