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3rd Cavalry Brigade (Germany)
The 3rd Cavalry Brigade was a cavalry unit in the Wehrmacht from 1944 to 1945. Together with the 4th Cavalry Brigade, it formed the Harteneck Cavalry Corps. The 3rd and 4th Cavalry Brigades were formed from the Cavalry Regiments Center, North, and South, which had been attached to the GHQ of Army Groups Center, North, and South, respectively. It was the first independent cavalry formation in the Wehrmacht since the 1st Cavalry Division had been converted to the 24th Panzer Division in late 1941. Background Following the end of the First World War, the newly created Reichswehr was permitted three cavalry divisions, consisting of eighteen cavalry regiments, according to the Treaty of Versailles. This was a significant decrease in cavalry strength compared to the eleven divisions used by the German Empire during the war. However, these three divisions, consisting of 16,400 soldiers, still formed a significant part of the Reichswehr, which was limited to 100,000 men. In addition, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
I Cavalry Corps (Wehrmacht)
The I Cavalry Corps (), initially known simply as the Cavalry Corps (), or alternatively as Cavalry Corps Harteneck () after its commander, was an army corps of the German Wehrmacht during World War II. It was formed in 1944 and existed until 1945. History The Cavalry Corps was formed on 25 May 1944 in the General Government, using most of the personnel of the short-lived LXXVIII Army Corps. The corps was commanded throughout its lifetime by Gustav Harteneck, earning it the nickname ''Cavalry Corps Harteneck''. The corps served at times under the 2nd Army, 4th Army, 6th Army and 2nd Panzer Army. Starting in June 1944, the Cavalry Corps was deployed on the Eastern Front against the Red Army. The corps, not yet fully deployed and operational, was thrown against the Soviet forces that advanced against the German lines as part of Operation Bagration, the Soviet offensive which brought about the collapse of the German Army Group Centre. After the end of Bagration, the Cavalry Cor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Invasion Of The Low Countries (1940)
The Western Front was a military theatre of World War II encompassing Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, and Germany. The Italian front is considered a separate but related theatre. The Western Front's 1944–1945 phase was officially deemed the European Theater by the United States, whereas Italy fell under the Mediterranean Theater along with the North African campaign. The Western Front was marked by two phases of large-scale combat operations. The first phase saw the capitulation of Luxembourg, Netherlands, Belgium, and France during May and June 1940 after their defeat in the Low Countries and the northern half of France, and continued into an air war between Germany and Britain that climaxed with the Battle of Britain. The second phase consisted of large-scale ground combat (supported by a massive strategic air war considered to be an additional front), which began in June 1944 with the Allied landings in Normandy and c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Valkyrie
Operation Valkyrie () was a German World War II emergency Continuity of government, continuity-of-government operations plan issued to the Replacement Army, Territorial Reserve Army of Germany to implement in the event of a general breakdown in national civil order due to Allied Strategic bombing during World War II, bombing of German cities, or an uprising of the millions of Forced labour under German rule during World War II, foreign forced labourers working in German factories. German Army (''German Army (Wehrmacht), Heer'') officers, General Friedrich Olbricht, Major General Henning von Tresckow and Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg modified the plan with the intention of using it to take control of German cities, disarm the SS, and arrest the Nazi leadership once Hitler had been assassinated in the 20 July plot. Hitler's death (as opposed to his arrest) was required to free German soldiers from their oath of loyalty to him (''Reichswehreid''). After lengthy preparation, the plot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rapid Reaction Force
A rapid reaction force / rapid response force (RRF), quick reaction force / quick response force (QRF), immediate reaction force (IRF), rapid deployment force (RDF), or quick maneuver force (QMF) is a military or law enforcement unit capable of responding to emergencies in a very short time frame. Types Quick reaction force A quick reaction force (QRF) is an armed military unit capable of rapidly responding to developing situations, usually to assist allied units in need of assistance. They are equipped to respond to any type of emergency within a short time frame, often only a few minutes, based on unit standard operating procedures (SOPs). Cavalry units are frequently postured as QRFs, with a main mission of security and reconnaissance. A quick reaction force belongs directly to the commander of the unit it is created from and is typically held in the reserve. Rapid deployment force A rapid deployment force (RDF) is a military formation that is capable of fast depl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strategic Reserve
A strategic reserve is the reserve of a commodity or items that is held back from normal use by governments, organisations, or businesses in pursuance of a particular strategy or to cope with unexpected events. There are several national and international projects aiming to preserve the existing natural wealth and diversity in case of mass extinction or a global catastrophe. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault facility, opened in 2008, focuses on collecting duplicate samples of plant seeds from all around the world and currently contains close to 1 million different agricultural seed samples. The final storage capacity is said to be 4.5 million seed samples. Another such institution, Frozen Ark, concentrates on DNA preservation of endangered animal species for generations. Types of strategic reserve A strategic reserve can be: * Financial in nature such as ring-fenced funding or capital reserves of a large corporation. * A commodity, such as intervention stocks of food or petrol ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Günther Von Kluge
Günther Adolf Ferdinand von Kluge (30 October 1882 – 19 August 1944) was a German '' Generalfeldmarschall'' (Field Marshal) during World War II who held commands on both the Eastern and Western Fronts, until his suicide in connection with the 20 July plot. He commanded the 4th Army of the Wehrmacht during the invasion of Poland in 1939 and the Battle of France in 1940, earning a promotion to Generalfeldmarschall. Kluge went on to command the 4th Army in Operation Barbarossa (the invasion of the Soviet Union) and the Battle for Moscow in 1941. Amid the crisis of the Soviet counter-offensive in December 1941, Kluge was promoted to command Army Group Centre replacing Field Marshal Fedor von Bock. Several members of the German military resistance to Adolf Hitler served on his staff, including Henning von Tresckow. Kluge was aware of the plotters' activities but refused to offer his support unless Hitler was killed. His command on the Eastern Front lasted until October 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philipp Von Boeselager
Philipp Freiherr von Boeselager (6 September 1917 – 1 May 2008) was the second-last surviving member of the 20 July Plot, a conspiracy of Wehrmacht officers to assassinate the German dictator Adolf Hitler in 1944. Early life Born at Burg Heimerzheim, near Bonn, he was the fifth and the second surviving son of the nine children of Albert Dominikus Hyacinthus Antonius Johannes Hubertus Vitus Joseph Maria ''Freiherr'' von Boeselager (Bonn 15 June 1883-Heimerzheim, Kr. Euskirchen 20 May 1956), by his wife (they married in Kassel on 22 September 1910), Maria-Theresia Ferdinandine Antonie Alonsia ''Freiin'' von Salis-Soglio (1890–1968), daughter of Anton Joseph Alonsius Nepomuk Stanislaus Maria ''Freiherr'' v. Salis-Soglio (1860–1939), of :de:Schloss Gemünden, Gemünden and Mandel, Germany, Mandel, Kreuznach, by Maria Adelheid Theresia ''Gräfin'' von Bissingen und Nippenburg (daughter of Ernst Maria Ferdinand Adam Johann Nepomuk Joseph ''Graf'' von Bissingen-Nippenburg). He at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Cavalry Brigade
The SS Cavalry Brigade (''SS-Kavallerie-Brigade'') was a cavalry brigade unit of the German Waffen-SS during World War II that specialized in artillery observer, cavalry reconnaissance, close combat, crowd control and riot control, counterinsurgency, fire support, gathering field military intelligence, maneuver warfare, raiding with cavalry tactics, providing security in areas at risk of attack, rearguard, screening for provide early warning of enemy approach, supporting military logistics, and tracking the targets. Operating under the control of the '' Kommandostab Reichsführer-SS'', it initially performed counterinsurgency, crowd control and riot control, rear security, and vanguard duties in German-occupied Poland. During the Invasion of the Soviet Union, the brigade operated in the rear of the German forces, in the Army Group Rear Area Command. It engaged bypassed Red Army units with rapid cavalry tactics and carried out murders of Jews, Communists and suspected Soviet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rasputitsa
''Rasputitsa'' (from ; literally "season of bad roads") is the mud season that occurs in various rural areas of Eastern Europe, when the rapid snowmelt or thawing of frozen ground combined with wet weather in spring, or heavy rains in autumn lead to muddy conditions that make travel on unpaved roads problematic and even treacherous. Rasputitsa has repeatedly affected wars by causing military vehicles and artillery pieces to become mired in the mud. In conjunction with the Russian Winter, general conditions of winter, rasputitsa has been credited with encumbering the military campaigns of First French Empire, Napoleonic France in 1812 and Nazi Germany during Operation Barbarossa, as well as all belligerents in the Russian invasion of Ukraine, 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. In countries of the former Soviet Union, the concept is applied to two periods during the year – spring and autumn – and also refers to impassable road conditions during such a period, specifically the h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Spring Awakening
Operation Spring Awakening () was the last major German offensive of World War II. The operation was referred to in Germany as the Plattensee Offensive and in the Soviet Union as the Balaton Defensive Operation. It took place in Western Hungary on the Eastern Front and lasted from 6 March until 15 March 1945. The objective was to secure the last significant oil reserves still available to the European Axis powers and prevent the Red Army from advancing towards Vienna. The Germans failed in their objectives. The operation, initially planned for 5 March, began after German units were moved in great secrecy to the Lake Balaton () area. Many German units were involved, including the 6th Panzer Army and its subordinate Waffen-SS divisions after being withdrawn from the failed Ardennes offensive on the Western Front. The Germans attacked in three prongs: ''Frühlingserwachen'' in the Balaton- Lake Velence-Danube area, ''Eisbrecher'' south of Lake Balaton, and ''Waldteufel'' south o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cavalry
Historically, cavalry (from the French word ''cavalerie'', itself derived from ''cheval'' meaning "horse") are groups of soldiers or warriors who Horses in warfare, fight mounted on horseback. Until the 20th century, cavalry were the most mobile of the combat arms, operating as light cavalry in the roles of reconnaissance, Screening (tactical), screening, and skirmisher, skirmishing, or as heavy cavalry for decisive economy of force and shock attacks. An individual soldier in the cavalry is known by a number of designations depending on era and tactics, such as a cavalryman, Equestrianism, horseman, trooper (rank), trooper, cataphract, knight, Drabant Corps of Charles XII, drabant, hussar, uhlan, mamluk, cuirassier, lancer, dragoon, samurai or horse archer. The designation of ''cavalry'' was not usually given to any Military animal, military forces that used other animals or platforms for mounts, such as chariots, Camel cavalry, camels or War elephant, elephants. Infantry who m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wehrmacht
The ''Wehrmacht'' (, ) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the German Army (1935–1945), ''Heer'' (army), the ''Kriegsmarine'' (navy) and the ''Luftwaffe'' (air force). The designation "''Wehrmacht''" replaced the previously used term (''Reich Defence'') and was the manifestation of the Nazi regime's efforts to German rearmament, rearm Germany to a greater extent than the Treaty of Versailles permitted. After the Adolf Hitler's rise to power, Nazi rise to power in 1933, one of Adolf Hitler's most overt and bellicose moves was to establish the ''Wehrmacht'', a modern offensively-capable armed force, fulfilling the Nazi regime's long-term goals of regaining lost territory as well as gaining new territory and dominating its neighbours. This required the reinstatement of conscription and massive investment and Military budget, defence spending on the arms industry. The ''Wehrmacht'' formed the heart of Germany's politico-military po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
