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395th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)
The 395th Rifle Division was converted from a militia division to a regular infantry division of the Red Army in October 1941. From 1941-45, it fought against the German invasion, Operation Barbarossa. As a militia unit it was under command of the Kharkov Military District and designated as the Voroshilovgrad Militia Division, although it was unofficially known as the 395th before it was converted. It took part in the fighting near Rostov-on-Don during the winter of 1941–42 in the 18th Army, and retreated with that Army into the northern Caucasus mountains in the face of the German summer offensive, fighting under the command of the 18th and 12th Armies, then in the 56th Army in October. As the Axis forces retreated from the Caucasus in early 1943 it was sent to the 46th and later to the 37th Army of North Caucasus Front. During the battles that cleared the German forces from the Taman peninsula from August to October the 395th was back in 56th Army and was awarded a battl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Army Flag
Red is the color at the long wavelength end of the visible spectrum of light, next to Orange (colour), orange and opposite Violet (color), violet. It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–750 nanometres. It is a primary color in the RGB color model and a secondary color (made from magenta and yellow) in the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan. Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged Scarlet (color), scarlet and Vermilion, vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy (color), burgundy. Red pigment made from ochre was one of the first colors used in prehistoric art. The Ancient Egyptians and Mayan civilization, Mayans colored their faces red in ceremonies; Roman Empire, Roman generals had their bodies colored red to celebrate victories. It was also an important color in China, where it was used to color early pottery and later the gates and walls of palaces. In the Renaissance, the brillian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anatoly Petrakovsky
Anatoly Iosifovich Petrakovsky (Russian: Анатолий Иосифович Петраковский; 28 December 1901 – 3 September 1969) was a Ukrainian Soviet Army major general and Hero of the Soviet Union. After joining the Red Army in 1922, Petrakovsky became an officer and rose through the ranks. On the eve of the Winter War, he was a battalion commander in the 13th Rifle Division. Petrakovsky was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order of Lenin for his leadership of the battalion. After Operation Barbarossa, he became commander of the 395th Rifle Division. He led the division during the Battle of Rostov and the Battle of Voronezh but was relieved of command due to a "systemic failure to comply with orders". In August 1943, Petrakovsky became commander of the 57th Rifle Corps but lost command of the corps and was sent to hospital to receive treatment for an illness. After graduating from the Military Academy of the General Staff, he was appointed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Caucasus Front
The North Caucasus Front, also translated as North Caucasian Front, was a major formation of the Red Army during the Second World War. The North Caucasus Front describes either of two distinct organizations during the war. First Creation The first formation was created on May 20, 1942 and was commanded by Marshal Semyon M. Budenny throughout its existence. The Front incorporated forces from the (disbanded) Crimean Front and received additional forces from the (disbanded) Southern Front on July 28, 1942. The Front was composed of * 44th Soviet Army (Andrei Khryashchev and Ivan Yefimovich Petrov), * 47th Soviet Army ( Grigory Kotov), * 51st Soviet Army ( Nikolai Kirichenko and Trofim Kolomiets). The 1st Rifle Corps reappeared in the Soviet OOB on 1 June 1942, directly subordinated to the North Caucasus Front, and was made up of four rifle brigades. The North Caucasus Front at different times also included the 9th, 12th, 18th, 24th, 37th, 56th Army, 4th and 5th Air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
37th Army (Soviet Union)
The 37th Army was an army of the Soviet Union during the Second World War. The army was formed twice during the war. The army was part of the Southern Group of Forces in Romania and Bulgaria. First formation The 37th Army first formed on 10 August 1941 in the Southwestern Front with the command group from the Kiev Fortified Region and other reserves in front reserves. Upon formation, the army took up defensive positions to the west of Kiev and on the left bank of the Dnieper River. During the defense of Kiev the army suffered severe losses against superior German forces. The army was surrounded in the city of Kiev and was ordered to break out on 19 September. Individual units of the army were able to break out and join forces with the front. Many of the other units of the army were destroyed. The army was disbanded on 25 September 1941. Composition The army had the following units assigned when formed: :147th Rifle Division : 171st Rifle Division : 175th Rifle Division : 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
46th Army (Soviet Union)
The 46th Army was a Soviet Red Army field army during World War II. The army was formed in August 1941 and guarded the Turkish border. During the summer of 1942, it fought in the Battle of the Caucasus. During the spring of 1943, the army helped capture Maykop and Krasnodar. During the summer of 1943, it fought in the Donbass Strategic Offensive and the Battle of the Dnieper. During early 1944, it fought in the Nikopol–Krivoi Rog Offensive and the Odessa Offensive. During the summer it fought in the Second Jassy–Kishinev Offensive. The army advanced westward and participated in the Battle of Debrecen and Budapest Offensive during the fall. After the fall of Budapest in February 1945, the army fought in the Vienna Offensive and the Prague Offensive. During the summer of 1945, the army moved to the Odessa Military District and was disbanded in September. History 1941 The army was formed on 1 August 1941 by order of the commander of the Transcaucasian Military District, dated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
56th Army (Soviet Union)
The 56th Army was a field army of the Soviet Union's Red Army that was created in 1941, and then disbanded to create the second formation of the Separate Coastal Army in 1943. The 56th Army was employed by the Soviets in the struggle against Germany during World War II. History The 56th Army was formed in October 1941 and subordinated to the North Caucasus Military District. Subordinated to the Southern Front (Soviet Union) in December 1941, the 56th Army was made up of the following units, as well as five regiments of artillery and a rocket-launcher regiment. :31st Rifle Division :106th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 106th Rifle Division :343rd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 343rd Rifle Division :347th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 347th Rifle Division :353rd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 353rd Rifle Division :11th Rifle Brigade :13th Rifle Brigade :16th Rifle Brigade :78th Rifle Brigade :33rd NKVD Motorized Rifle Regiment :62nd Cavalry Division :64th Cavalry Divisio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
12th Army (Soviet Union)
The 12th Army was a field army of the Red Army formed multiple times during the Russian Civil War and World War II. Civil War & Polish-Soviet War The 12th Army (Russian Civil War 1st Formation) of the Soviet Red Army was first formed from Soviet forces in the north-eastern Caucasus in 1918. The 12th Army (Russian Civil War 2nd Formation) was formed from the 1st and 3rd Ukrainian Red Armies in central Ukraine in the summer of 1919. In July 1920 Simon Aralov was chief of intelligence with this unit. it was disbanded in 1920. Second World War The 12th Army (1st Formation) (RKKA) of the Soviet Red Army was formed from the Southern (Cavalry-Mechanised) Army Group of the Kiev Special Military District during 1939–40.http://victory.mil.ru/rkka/units/03/26.html 12th Army (Russian) It was then involved in the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939. It entered the Second World War as part of the Soviet Southwestern Front, comprising the * 13th Rifle Corps (including the 44th, 58th, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th Army (Soviet Union)
The 18th Army of the Soviet Union's Red Army was formed on 21 June 1941 on the basis of HQ Kharkiv, Kharkov Military District and armies of the Kiev Special Military District. The Army's commander in 1941 was General-Lieutenant Andrey Smirnov (general), Andrey Smirnov. The Army composition on the beginning of the war was: *16th Mechanised Corps **15th Tank Division (Soviet Union), 15th Tank Division, 39th Tank Division, 240th Rifle Division, 240th Motorised Division, 64th Fighter Air Division and 45th Mixed Air Division *17th Rifle Corps **96th Mountain Rifle Division, 60th Mountain Rifle Division, 164th Rifle Division *18th Mechanised Corps **47th Tank Division (USSR), 47th Tank Division, 218th Rifle Division, 218th Mechanised Division *55th Rifle Corps **130th Rifle Division, 160th Rifle Division, 189th Rifle Division, 4th Independent Tank Brigade It was caught soon after the start of Operation Barbarossa in 1941 in a huge encirclement south of Kiev along with the 6th Army (Sovi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River, from the Sea of Azov, directly north of the North Caucasus. The southwestern suburbs of the city lie above the Don river delta. Rostov-on-Don has a population of over one million people and is an important cultural, educational, economic and logistical centre of Southern Russia. History Early history From ancient times, the area around the mouth of the Don River has held cultural and commercial importance. Ancient indigenous inhabitants included the Scythian and Sarmatian tribes. It was the site of Tanais, an ancient Greek colony, Fort Tana under the Genoese, and Fort Azak in the time of the Ottoman Empire. In 1749, a custom house was established on the Temernik River, a tributary of the Don, by edict of the Empress Elizabeth, the daughter of Peter the Great, in orde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luhansk
Luhansk (, ; , ), also known as Lugansk (, ; , ), is a city in the Donbas in eastern Ukraine. As of 2022, the population was estimated to be making Luhansk the Cities in Ukraine, 12th-largest city in Ukraine. Luhansk served as the administrative center of Luhansk Oblast, before pro-Russian separatists seized control of the city in 2014 and made it the capital of the self-proclaimed Luhansk People's Republic. The Ukrainian administration was located in Sievierodonetsk from 2014 to 2022 during the War in Donbas (2014–2022), war in Donbas, due to Ukraine not being in control of Luhansk. Sievierodonetsk was Battle of Sievierodonetsk (2022), captured by Russia in 2022 and Luhansk Oblast was later Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts, annexed by Russia in late 2022. Etimology The city was founded as a foundry in 1795-1796, following the decree of Empress Catherine II titled ''On the establishment of a foundry in the Donetsk uyezd by the Lugan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kharkov Military District
The Kharkov Military District () was a military district of the Russian Empire, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, and the Soviet Union. Throughout its history, the district headquarters was located in the city of Kharkov in northeastern Ukraine. First established in 1864 in the Russian Empire as part of reforms of the military administrative system, the district was disbanded and its territory transferred to the Kiev Military District and the Moscow Military District in 1888. The district was reestablished by the Red Army during the Russian Civil War in January 1919, but disbanded in September after its territory was taken over by White troops. It was reestablished in January 1920 after its territory was recaptured by the Red Army, but was disbanded in 1922 and its troops subordinated to the Southwestern Military District, which soon became the Ukrainian Military District. In 1935, the district was reestablished when the Ukrainian Military District was split into the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
