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2nd Army (German Empire)
The 2nd Army (german: 2. Armee / Armeeoberkommando 2 / A.O.K. 2) was an army level command of the German Army in World War I. It was formed on mobilization in August 1914 from the III Army Inspection. The army was disbanded in 1919 during demobilization after the war. History The 2nd Army during World War I, fought on the Western Front and took part in the Schlieffen Plan offensive against France and Belgium in August 1914. Commanded by General Karl von Bülow, the 2nd Army's mission was to support the 1st Army's sweep around the left flank of the French Army and encircle Paris, bringing a rapid conclusion to the war. The 2nd Army laid siege to, and took the Belgian fortresses around Namur, and fought General Charles Lanrezac's French 5th Army at the Battle of Charleroi on 23–24 August 1914 and again at St. Quentin on 29–30 August 1914. 2nd Army bore the brunt of the Allied attack in the Battle of the Somme. It had grown to such an extent that a decision was made to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army
An army (from Old French ''armee'', itself derived from the Latin verb ''armāre'', meaning "to arm", and related to the Latin noun ''arma'', meaning "arms" or "weapons"), ground force or land force is a fighting force that fights primarily on land. In the broadest sense, it is the land-based military branch, service branch or armed service of a nation or country. It may also include aviation assets by possessing an army aviation component. Within a national military force, the word army may also mean a field army. In some countries, such as France and China, the term "army", especially in its plural form "armies", has the broader meaning of armed forces as a whole, while retaining the colloquial sense of land forces. To differentiate the colloquial army from the formal concept of military force, the term is qualified, for example in France the land force is called ''Armée de terre'', meaning Land Army, and the air and space force is called ''Armée de l'Air et de l’Espace' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Of The Infantry (Germany)
General of the Infantry (german: General der Infanterie, abbr. ) is a former rank of the German army (). It is currently an appointment or position given to an OF-8 rank officer, who is responsible for particular affairs of training and equipment of the ''Bundeswehr'' infantry. Former rank in the German ground forces General of the Infantry was a former rank of General of the branch OF-8 in the German land forces ( Imperial Army, '' Reichswehr'' and '' Wehrmacht'') and also in the Prussian Army and the Austro-Hungarian Army. It was the third-highest general officer rank, subordinate only to Colonel General and Field Marshal. It is equivalent to a three-star rank today. The same rank was adopted by the Finnish Army ( fi, Jalkaväenkenraali) between the world wars. German cavalry officers of equivalent rank were called ''General der Kavallerie'' and those in the artillery corps were ''General der Artillerie''. In 1935 the Wehrmacht added the ranks of ''General der P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
14th Division (German Empire)
The 14th Division (''14. Division'') was a unit of the Prussian/German Army. It was formed in November 1816 in Trier as a troop brigade and became the 14th Division on September 5, 1818, also relocating its headquarters to Düsseldorf. The division was subordinated in peacetime to the VII Army Corps (''VII. Armeekorps''). The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I. The division was recruited in the Prussian Province of Westphalia and the Rhine Province, primarily in the densely populated Lower Rhine region. Combat chronicle The 14th Division fought in the Austro-Prussian War in 1866, seeing action in the Battle of Königgrätz. In the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71, the division fought in several battles and engagements, including the Battle of Spicheren, the Battle of Borny-Colombey (also called the Battle of Colombey-Nouilly), and the Battle of Gravelotte (also called the Battle of Gravelotte-St. Privat), as well as th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IV Reserve Corps (German Empire)
The IV Reserve Corps (german: IV. Reserve-Korps / IV RK) was a corps level command of the German Army in World War I. Formation IV Reserve Corps was formed on the outbreak of the war in August 1914 as part of the mobilisation of the Army. It was initially commanded by General der Artillerie Hans von Gronau, who was recalled from retirement. From 24 July 1916 to 19 December 1917, the Corps was known as ''Karpathenkorps'' (Carpathian Corps). The Corps was still in existence at the end of the war as part of the 2nd Army, ''Heeresgruppe'' ''Kronprinz'' Rupprecht on the Western Front. Structure on formation On formation in August 1914, IV Reserve Corps consisted of two divisions, made up of reserve units. In general, Reserve Corps and Reserve Divisions were weaker than their active counterparts :Reserve Infantry Regiments did not always have three battalions nor necessarily contain a machine gun company :Reserve Jäger Battalions did not have a machine gun company on formation :R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
185th Infantry Division (German Empire)
The 185th Infantry Division (185. Infanterie-Division) was a formation of the Imperial German Army in World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, .... References 185. Infanterie-Division (Chronik 1915/1918) - Der erste Weltkrieg* Franz Bettag, ''Die Eroberung von Nowo Georgiewsk''. Schlachten des Weltkrieges, Bd. 8 (Oldenburg, 1926) * Hermann Cron et al., ''Ruhmeshalle unserer alten Armee'' (Berlin, 1935) * Hermann Cron, ''Geschichte des deutschen Heeres im Weltkriege 1914–1918'' (Berlin, 1937) * Erich von Falkenhayn, ''Der Feldzug der 9. Armee gegen die Rumänen und Russen, 1916/17'' (Berlin, 1921) * Oberstleutnant a. D. Dr. Curt Treitschke, ''Der Rückmarsch aus Rumänien. Mit der Mackensen-Armee vom Sereth durch Siebenbürgen nach Sachsen'' (Dresden 1938) * Gün ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
12th Reserve Division (German Empire)
12th Reserve Division (''12. Reserve-Division'') was a unit of the Imperial German Army in World War I. The division was formed on mobilization of the German Army in August 1914 as part of VI Reserve Corps. The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I. The division was recruited in the Province of Silesia, mainly Upper Silesia. Combat chronicle The 12th Reserve Division fought on the Western Front, participating in the opening German offensive which led to the Allied Great Retreat. Thereafter, the division remained in the line in the Verdun region until February 1916, when it entered the Battle of Verdun. The division later fought in the Battle of the Somme The Battle of the Somme (French: Bataille de la Somme), also known as the Somme offensive, was a battle of the First World War fought by the armies of the British Empire and French Third Republic against the German Empire. It took place be .... It remained i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
113th Infantry Division (German Empire)
The 113th Infantry Division (''113. Infanterie-Division'') was a formation of the Imperial German Army in World War I. The division was formed on March 25, 1915, and organized over the next several weeks. It was part of a wave of new infantry divisions formed in the spring of 1915. The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I. The division was formed primarily from the excess infantry regiments of regular infantry divisions which were being triangularized. The division's 225th Infantry Brigade staff was formerly the staff of the 44th Reserve Infantry Brigade of the 22nd Reserve Division, which came to the new division along with the 32nd Reserve Infantry Regiment. The 36th Füsilier Regiment was formerly part of the 8th Infantry Division. The 48th Infantry Regiment came from the 5th Infantry Division. The 32nd Reserve Infantry Regiment was raised in the Thuringian states, primarily the Reuss principalities. The 36t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4th Division (German Empire)
The 4th Division (''4. Division'') was a unit of the Prussian/German Army. It was formed in Torgau on September 5, 1818. The headquarters moved to Stargard (now Stargard Szczeciński, Poland) in 1820, where it stayed until 1852. In 1852, the headquarters moved to its final destination, Bromberg (now Bydgoszcz, Poland). From the corps' formation in 1820, the division was subordinated in peacetime to the II Army Corps (''II. Armeekorps''). The 4th Division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I. The 4th Division and its regiments fought in the Austro-Prussian War against Austria in 1866, including the Battle of Königgrätz. The division then fought in the Franco-Prussian War against France in 1870-71. It saw action in the Battle of Gravelotte, the siege of Metz, and the siege of Paris, among other actions.Cron et al., ''Ruhmeshalle'' In World War I, the 4th Division served initially on the Western Front, seeing action in the in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
22nd Division (German Empire)
The 22nd Division (''22. Division'') was a unit of the Prussian/German Army. It was formed on October 11, 1866, and was headquartered in Kassel. The division was subordinated in peacetime to the XI Army Corps (''XI. Armeekorps''). The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I. Recruitment The division was recruited in the formerly independent Electorate of Hesse (''Kurhessen''), which had been incorporated into Prussia after the Austro-Prussian War, in the Principality of Waldeck, and in the Thuringian states. Until 1899, including during the Franco-Prussian War, it was predominantly from Thuringia, but many Thuringian units went to the 38th Division when that division was formed in 1899. Combat chronicle During the Franco-Prussian War, as the 22nd Infantry Division it fought in the opening battle of Woerth and the major battle of Sedan. It then participated in the Siege of Paris. Subsequently, it saw action in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
21st Reserve Division (German Empire)
The 21st Reserve Division (''21. Reserve-Division'') was a unit of the Imperial German Army in World War I. The division was formed on mobilization of the German Army in August 1914 as part of XVIII Reserve Corps. The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I. The division was raised primarily in the Prussian Province of Hesse-Nassau, but one battalion of the 88th Reserve Infantry Regiment came from the Grand Duchy of Hesse and some other troops of the division came from Westphalia and the Rhine Province. Combat chronicle The 21st Reserve Division fought on the Western Front, participating in the opening German offensive which led to the Allied Great Retreat and ended with the First Battle of the Marne. Thereafter, the division remained in the line in the Champagne region until June 1916. In July 1916, the division entered the Battle of Verdun. It returned to the Champagne in September and then went back to Verdun in Dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
54th Corps (German Empire)
The 54th Corps (german: Generalkommando zbV 54) was a corps formation of the German Army in World War I. It was formed in September 1916 and was still in existence at the end of the war. Chronicle The 54th Corps (z.b.V.) was formed in September 1916. With the onset of trench warfare, the German Army recognised that it was no longer possible to maintain the traditional Corps unit, that is, one made up of two divisions. Whereas at some times (and in some places) a Corps of two divisions was sufficient, at other times 5 or 6 divisions were necessary. Therefore, under the Hindenburg regime (from summer 1916), new Corps headquarters were created without organic divisions. These new Corps were designated ''General Commands for Special Use'' (german: Generalkommandos zur besonderen Verwendung). By the end of the war, the Corps was serving on the Western Front as part of 2nd Army, ''Heeresgruppe'' ''Kronprinz'' Rupprecht with the following composition: * 21st Reserve Division * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heeresgruppe Kronprinz Rupprecht
This is a list of German army groups during World War II. Some German formations during World War II were designated ''Heeresgruppe'' and others ''Armeegruppe''. Both terms are usually translated into English as "army group", but refer to different concepts. Differences between ''Heeresgruppe'' and ''Armeegruppe'' Some German formations, such as Army Group A, were known as ''Heeresgruppe'', whereas others, such as Army Group Liguria, were known as ''Armeegruppe''. Both of these terms have, for a lack of alternatives, been translated into English as "army group". Generally, the major army groups were ''Heeresgruppen'', whereas the term ''Armeegruppe'' was used for formations that contained between two and three armies, initially reserved for those formations that included non-German armies. For instance, Army Group Balck contained the 6th German Army and the 3rd Hungarian Army. ''Heeresgruppen'' The ''Heeresgruppen''-type army groups of the ''Wehrmacht'' were: * Army Group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
