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2MASS J044144
2MASS J0441+2301 (abbreviated as 2M 0441+23) is a young quadruple system hosting a planetary-mass object, a red dwarf star and two brown dwarfs, approximately 470 light years (145 parsecs) away. The 2MASS J04414489+2301513 Bab (abbreviated as 2M J044144) primary (a brown dwarf) has a large separation (12.4 arcseconds) companion, 2MASS J04414565+2301580 Aab (abbreviated as 2M J044145), which in turn has a nearby small separation substellar companion (separation of 0.23 arcseconds to the northeast). 2M J044145 has similar proper motion to 2M J044144 and is likely physically associated with the system. The entire system of 4 objects is then a hierarchical quadruple of two binary objects orbiting each other. The primary component Aa has a spectral type of M4.5 and a red apparent magnitude of 14.2. Both components seem to be accreting mass from their stellar disks, as shown by their emission lines. The four objects have a total mass of only 26% of the Sun, making it the quadrupl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brown Dwarf 2M J044144 And Planet
Brown is a color. It can be considered a composite color, but it is mainly a darker shade of orange. In the CMYK color model used in printing and painting, brown is usually made by combining the colors orange and black. In the RGB color model used to project colors onto television screens and computer monitors, brown combines red and green. The color brown is seen widely in nature, wood, soil, human hair color, eye color and skin pigmentation. Brown is the color of dark wood or rich soil. In the RYB color model, brown is made by mixing the three primary colors, red, yellow, and blue. According to public opinion surveys in Europe and the United States, brown is the least favorite color of the public; it is often associated with fecal matter, plainness, the rustic, although it does also have positive associations, including baking, warmth, wildlife, the autumn and music. Etymology The term is from Old English , in origin for any dusky or dark shade of color. The first recorde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sub-brown Dwarf
A sub-brown dwarf or planetary-mass brown dwarf is an astronomical object that formed in the same manner as stars and brown dwarfs (i.e. through the collapse of a gas cloud) but that has a planetary mass, therefore by definition below the limiting mass for thermonuclear fusion of deuterium (about ). Some researchers include them in the category of rogue planets whereas others call them planetary-mass brown dwarfs. Description Sub-brown dwarfs are formed in the manner of stars, through the collapse of a gas cloud (perhaps with the help of photo-erosion) but there is no consensus amongst astronomers on whether the formation process should be taken into account when classifying an object as a planet. Free-floating sub-brown dwarfs can be observationally indistinguishable from rogue planets, which originally formed around a star and were ejected from orbit. Similarly, a sub-brown dwarf formed free-floating in a star cluster may be captured into orbit around a star, making distin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planetary Systems With One Confirmed Planet
Planetary means relating to a planet or planets. It can also refer to: Science * Planetary habitability, the measure of an astronomical body's potential to develop and sustain life * Planetary nebula, an astronomical object People * Planetary (rapper), one half of east coast rap group OuterSpace Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Planetary'' (comics), a comic book series by Warren Ellis and John Cassaday * "Planetary (Go!)", a 2011 song by rock band My Chemical Romance * ''Planetary Radio'', a public radio show about space exploration, produced by The Planetary Society Organizations * The Planetary Society, the Earth's largest space interest group Technology * Epicyclic gearing An epicyclic gear train (also known as a planetary gearset) is a gear reduction assembly consisting of two gears mounted so that the center of one gear (the "planet") revolves around the center of the other (the "sun"). A carrier connects the ... (planetary gearing), an automotive transmission te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
M-type Brown Dwarfs
Type M or M type may refer to: Science and technology * Type M, a xD-Picture Card * Type M, a name for the 15 amp BS 546 electrical plug * Vaio Type M, a kind of Vaio computer from Sony * M-type asteroid * m-type filter, an electronic filter * M-type star * M-types, an implementation of inductive type Other uses * Audi Type M, a 1920s car * Beretta 92FS Compact Type M, a pistol * MG M-type, a sports car See also * M class (other) M class or M-class may refer to: Military * M-class blimp, an American WW2 class of anti-submarine warfare airships * M-class cruiser, a planned German light cruiser class * M-class destroyer, several classes of destroyer ** Admiralty M-class d ... * Class M (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2MASS Objects
Mass is an intrinsic property of a body. It was traditionally believed to be related to the quantity of matter in a body, until the discovery of the atom and particle physics. It was found that different atoms and different elementary particles, theoretically with the same amount of matter, have nonetheless different masses. Mass in modern physics has multiple definitions which are conceptually distinct, but physically equivalent. Mass can be experimentally defined as a measure of the body's inertia, meaning the resistance to acceleration (change of velocity) when a net force is applied. The object's mass also determines the strength of its gravitational attraction to other bodies. The SI base unit of mass is the kilogram (kg). In physics, mass is not the same as weight, even though mass is often determined by measuring the object's weight using a spring scale, rather than balance scale comparing it directly with known masses. An object on the Moon would weigh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brown Dwarfs
Brown dwarfs are substellar objects that have more mass than the biggest gas giant planets, but less than the least massive main-sequence stars. Their mass is approximately 13 to 80 times that of Jupiter ()not big enough to sustain nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium in their cores, but massive enough to emit some light and heat from the fusion of deuterium ( 2H). The most massive ones (> ) can fuse lithium ( 7Li). Astronomers classify self-luminous objects by spectral type, a distinction intimately tied to the surface temperature, and brown dwarfs occupy types M (2100–3500 K), L (1300–2100 K), T (600–1300 K), and Y (< 600 K). As brown dwarfs do not undergo stable hydrogen fusion, they cool down over time, progressively passing through later spectral types as they age. Their name comes not from the color of light ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multiple Star Systems
A star system or stellar system is a small number of stars that orbit each other, bound by gravity, gravitational attraction. It may sometimes be used to refer to a single star. A large group of stars bound by gravitation is generally called a ''star cluster'' or ''galaxy'', although, broadly speaking, they are also star systems. Star systems are not to be confused with planetary systems, which include planets and similar bodies (such as comets). Terminology A star system of two stars is known as a ''binary star'', ''binary star system'' or ''physical double star''. Systems with four or more components are rare, and are much less commonly found than those with 2 or 3. Multiple-star systems are called ''triple'', ''ternary'', or ''trinary'' if they contain three stars; ''quadruple'' or ''quaternary'' if they contain four stars; ''quintuple'' or ''quintenary'' with five stars; ''sextuple'' or ''sextenary'' with six stars; ''septuple'' or ''septenary'' with seven stars; and ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HR 8799
HR 8799 is a roughly 30 million-year-old main sequence, main-sequence star located away from Earth in the constellation of Pegasus (constellation), Pegasus. It has roughly 1.5 times the Sun's mass and 4.9 times its luminosity. It is part of a system that also contains a debris disk and at least four gas giant, massive planets. These planets were the first exoplanets whose orbital motion was confirmed by direct imaging. The star is a Gamma Doradus variable: its luminosity changes because of non-radial pulsations of its surface. The star is also classified as a Lambda Boötis star, which means its surface layers are depleted in iron peak Chemical element, elements. It is the only known star which is simultaneously a Gamma Doradus variable, a Lambda Boötis star, Lambda Boötis type, and a Vega-like star (a star with infrared excess, excess infrared emission caused by a circumstellar disk). Location HR 8799 is a star that is visible to the naked eye. It has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2M1207
2M1207, 2M1207A or 2MASS J12073346–3932539 is a brown dwarf located in the constellation Centaurus; a companion object, 2M1207b, may be the first extrasolar planetary-mass companion to be directly imaged, and is the first discovered orbiting a brown dwarf. 2M1207 was discovered during the course of the 2MASS infrared sky survey: hence the "2M" in its name, followed by its celestial coordinates. With a fairly early (for a brown dwarf) spectral type of M8, it is very young, and probably a member of the TW Hydrae association. Its estimated mass is around 25 Jupiter masses. The companion, 2M1207b, is estimated to have a mass of 5–6 Jupiter masses. Still glowing red hot, it will shrink to a size slightly smaller than Jupiter as it cools over the next few billion years. An initial photometric estimate for the distance to 2M1207 was 70 parsecs. In December 2005, American astronomer reported a more accurate distance (53 ± 6 parsecs) to 2M1207 using the moving cluster ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SCR 1845−6357
SCR 1845−6357 is a binary system, away in the constellation Pavo. The primary is a low-mass red dwarf and the secondary is a brown dwarf. It is one of the nearest stellar systems, as well as the closest red dwarf-brown dwarf binary. System The primary, SCR 1845−6357A, is an ultra-cool red dwarf, one of the smallest and coolest stars so far discovered, with a mass of about 7% of the Sun's, a radius 9.4% of the Sun's, and an effective temperature of . It is very faint, at an apparent magnitude of 17.4 due to its low luminosity, equivalent to 0.03% of the Sun's luminosity across all wavelengths. It was discovered in 2004 by the SuperCOSMOS survey. This star has been found to have a brown dwarf companion in 2006, designated . The companion has an observed distance of 4.1 AU from the primary and is classified as a T-dwarf. It is estimated to have 25 to 65 times the mass of Jupiter (2.4 to 6.2% of the Sun's mass), but its radius is 30% smaller than that of Ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2MASS
The Two Micron All-Sky Survey, or 2MASS, was an astronomical survey of the whole sky in infrared light. It took place between 1997 and 2001, in two different locations: at the U.S. Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory on Mount Hopkins, Arizona, and at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile, each using a 1.3-meter telescope for the Northern and Southern Hemisphere, respectively. It was conducted in the short-wavelength infrared at three distinct frequency bands ( J, H, and K) near 2 micrometres, from which the photometric survey with its HgCdTe detectors derives its name. 2MASS produced an astronomical catalog with over 300 million observed objects, including minor planets of the Solar System, brown dwarfs, low-mass stars, nebulae, star clusters and galaxies. In addition, 1 million objects were cataloged in the ''2MASS Extended Source Catalog'' (''2MASX''). The cataloged objects are designated with a "2MASS" and "2MASX"-prefix respectively. Catalog The fina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia
The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia (also known as Encyclopaedia of exoplanetary systems and Catalogue of Exoplanets) is an astronomy website, founded in Paris, France at the Meudon Observatory by Jean Schneider in February 1995, which maintains a database of all the currently known and candidate extrasolar planets, with individual pages for each planet and a full list interactive catalog spreadsheet. The main catalogue comprises databases of all of the currently confirmed extrasolar planets as well as a database of unconfirmed planet detections. The databases are frequently updated with new data from peer-reviewed publications and conferences. In their respective pages, the planets are listed along with their basic properties, including the year of planet's discovery, mass, radius, orbital period, semi-major axis, eccentricity, inclination, longitude of periastron, time of periastron, maximum time variation, and time of transit, including all error range values. The ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
