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2017 New Zealand General Election
The 2017 New Zealand general election took place on Saturday 23 September 2017 to determine the membership of the 52nd New Zealand Parliament. The 51st New Zealand Parliament, previous parliament was elected on 20 September 2014 and was officially dissolved on 22 August 2017. Voters elected 120 members to the House of Representatives under New Zealand's Mixed-member proportional representation, mixed-member proportional (MMP) voting system, a proportional representation system in which 71 members were elected from single-member New Zealand electorates, electorates and 49 members were elected from closed list, closed party lists. Around 3.57 million people were registered to vote in the election, with 2.63 million (79.8%) turning out. early voting, Advance voting proved popular, with 1.24 million votes cast before election day, more than the previous two elections combined. Prior to the election, the centre-right New Zealand National Party, National Party, led by Prime Minister Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand House Of Representatives
The House of Representatives () is the Unicameral, sole chamber of the New Zealand Parliament. The House passes Law of New Zealand, laws, provides Ministers in the New Zealand Government, ministers to form the Cabinet of New Zealand, Cabinet, and supervises the work of government. It is also responsible for adopting the state's New Zealand Budget, budgets and approving the state's accounts. The House of Representatives is a Representative democracy, democratic body consisting of representatives known as members of parliament (MPs). There are normally 120 MPs, though there are currently 123 due to an Overhang seat, overhang. Elections in New Zealand, Elections take place usually every three years using a mixed-member proportional representation system, which combines First-past-the-post voting, first-past-the-post elected legislative seat, seats with closed party lists. 72 MPs are elected directly in single-member New Zealand electorates, electoral districts and further seats ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of New Zealand
The prime minister of New Zealand () is the head of government of New Zealand. The prime minister, Christopher Luxon, leader of the New Zealand National Party, took office on 27 November 2023. The prime minister (informally abbreviated to PM) ranks as the most senior Ministers in the New Zealand Government, government minister. They are responsible for chairing meetings of Cabinet of New Zealand, Cabinet; allocating posts to ministers within the New Zealand Government, government; acting as the spokesperson for the government; and providing advice (constitutional law), advice to the monarchy of New Zealand, sovereign or the sovereign's representative, the Governor-General of New Zealand, governor-general. They also have ministerial responsibility for the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand), Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, which is based in the Beehive (New Zealand), Beehive in Wellington. The office exists by a long-established Convention ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confidence And Supply
In parliamentary system, parliamentary democracies based on the Westminster system, confidence and supply is an arrangement under which a minority government (one which does not control a majority in the legislature) receives the support of one or more parties or independent MPs on Motion of no confidence, confidence votes and Government budget, the state budget ("supply"). On issues other than those outlined in the confidence and supply agreement, non-government partners to the agreement are not bound to support the government on any given piece of legislation. A coalition government is a more formal arrangement than a confidence-and-supply agreement, in that members from junior parties (i.e., parties other than the largest) gain positions in the Cabinet (government), cabinet and Minister (government), ministerial roles, and are generally expected to hold the government Whip (politics), whip on passing legislation. Confidence In most parliamentary democracies, members of a p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minority Government
A minority government, minority cabinet, minority administration, or a minority parliament is a government and cabinet formed in a parliamentary system when a political party or coalition of parties does not have a majority of overall seats in the legislature. It is sworn into office, with or without the formal support of other parties, enabling a government to be formed. Under such a government, legislation can only be passed with the support or consent of enough other members of the legislature to provide a majority, encouraging multi-partisanship. In bicameral legislatures, the term relates to the situation in the chamber whose confidence is considered most crucial to the continuance in office of the government (generally, the lower house). A minority government tends to be less stable than a majority government because, if they can unite, opposing parliamentary members have sufficient numbers to vote against legislation, or even bring down the government with a vote of no c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fifth National Government Of New Zealand
The Fifth National Government of New Zealand was the government of New Zealand for three parliamentary terms from 19 November 2008 to 26 October 2017. John Key served as National Leader and prime minister until December 2016, after which Bill English assumed the premiership until the National Government's defeat following the October 2017 government-forming negotiations. After the 2008 general election the National Party and its allies were able to form a government, taking over from Helen Clark's Fifth Labour Government. It was subsequently reformed after the 2011 general election with a reduced number of seats, and after the 2014 general election with a reduced share of the party vote but the same number of seats. The Government had confidence and supply agreements with the following parties: ACT, United Future, and the Māori Party – which gave the Government a majority on major legislation. The National Party also signed a memorandum of understanding with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand National Party
The New Zealand National Party (), often shortened to National () or the Nats, is a Centre-right politics, centre-right List of political parties in New Zealand, political party in New Zealand that is the current senior ruling party. It is one of two major parties that dominate contemporary New Zealand politics, alongside its traditional rival, the New Zealand Labour Party, Labour Party. National formed in 1936 through amalgamation of conservative and Liberalism, liberal parties, Reform Party (New Zealand), Reform and United Party (New Zealand), United respectively, and subsequently became New Zealand's second-oldest extant political party. National's predecessors had previously formed United–Reform Coalition, a coalition against the growing labour movement. National has governed for six periods during the 20th and 21st centuries, and has spent more List of New Zealand governments, time in government than any other New Zealand party. After the 1949 New Zealand general electio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Voting
Early voting, also called advance polling or pre-poll voting, is a convenience voting process by which voters in a public election can vote before a scheduled Election Day (politics), election day. Early voting can take place remotely, such as via postal voting, or in person, usually in designated early voting polling stations. The availability and time periods for early voting vary among jurisdictions and types of election. The goals of early voting are usually to increase voter participation, relieve congestion at polling stations on election day, and avoid possible discrimination against people with work and travel schedules that may effectively prohibit them from getting to the polls during the hours provided in a single election day. In some countries, early in-person voting or postal voting (or both) are available to all voters. In other countries, only some voters (such as those who are expected to be out of the country or hospitalized on election day) are eligible to cast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electoral Commission (New Zealand)
The Electoral Commission () is an independent Crown entity set up by the New Zealand Parliament. It is responsible for the administration of parliamentary elections and referendums, promoting compliance with electoral laws, servicing the work of the Representation Commission, and the provision of advice, reports and public education on electoral matters. The commission also assists electoral agencies of other countries on a reciprocal basis with their electoral events. Objective of the Electoral Commission The Electoral Act 1993 defines the objective of the Electoral Commission as "to administer the electoral system impartially, efficiently, effectively, and in a way that – # Facilitates participation in parliamentary democracy; and # Promotes understanding of the electoral system; and # Maintains confidence in the administration of the electoral system". Functions of the Electoral Commission The functions of the Electoral Commission are defined by law and in summary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Party List
An electoral list is a grouping of candidates for election, usually found in proportional or mixed electoral systems, but also in some plurality electoral systems. An electoral list can be registered by a political party (a party list) or can constitute a group of independent candidates. Lists can be open, in which case electors have some influence over the ranking of the winning candidates, or closed, in which case the order of candidates is fixed at the registration of the list. Electoral lists are required for party-list proportional representation systems. An electoral list is made according to the applying nomination rules and election rules. Depending on the type of election, a political party, a general assembly, or a board meeting, may elect or appoint a nominating committee that will add, and if required, prioritize list-candidates according to their preferences. Qualification, popularity, gender, age, geography, and occupation are preferences that may influence the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Closed List
Closed list describes the variant of party-list systems where voters can effectively vote for only political parties as a whole; thus they have no influence on the party-supplied order in which party candidates are elected. If voters had some influence, that would be called an open list. Closed list systems are still commonly used in party-list proportional representation, and most mixed electoral systems also use closed lists in their party list component. Many countries, however have changed their electoral systems to use open lists to incorporate personalised representation to their proportional systems. In closed list systems, each political party has pre-decided who will receive the seats allocated to that party in the elections, so that the candidates positioned highest on this list tend to always get a seat in the parliament while the candidates positioned very low on the closed list will not. However, the candidates "at the water mark" of a given party are in the positi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand Electorates
An electorate or electoral district () is a electoral district, geographic constituency used for electing a member () to the New Zealand Parliament. The size of electorates is determined such that all electorates have approximately the same electoral population. Before 1996, all MPs were directly chosen for office by the voters of an electorate. Thereafter, Electoral system of New Zealand, New Zealand's electoral system provides that some (in practice, the majority) of the usually 120 seats in Parliament are filled by electorate representatives with the remainder being filled from party lists in order to achieve proportional representation among parties. The number of electorates changes periodically, in line with national population growth. Starting from the 2020 New Zealand general election, 2020 general election, there are 72 electorates including the Māori electorates. Terminology The Electoral Act 1993 refers to electorates as "electoral districts". Electorates are inform ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proportional Representation
Proportional representation (PR) refers to any electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. The concept applies mainly to political divisions (Political party, political parties) among voters. The aim of such systems is that all votes cast contribute to the result so that each representative in an assembly is mandated by a roughly equal number of voters, and therefore all votes have equal weight. Under other election systems, a bare Plurality (voting), plurality or a scant majority in a district are all that are used to elect a member or group of members. PR systems provide balanced representation to different factions, usually defined by parties, reflecting how votes were cast. Where only a choice of parties is allowed, the seats are allocated to parties in proportion to the vote tally or ''vote share'' each party receives. Exact proportionality is never achieved under PR systems, except by chance. The use of elector ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
