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2009 Earthquakes
Earthquakes in 2009 resulted in 1,853 fatalities. The 2009 Sumatra earthquakes, 2nd Sumatra earthquake caused an estimated 1,117 deaths to that island, while other majors events struck Italy and Costa Rica. Also notable, the 2009 Samoa earthquake and tsunami registered an 8.1 on the moment magnitude scale, the most powerful earthquake in 2009. The tsunami associated with the Samoa earthquake caused tsunami advisories and warning across the Pacific Ocean rim, also known as the Pacific Ring of Fire, Ring of Fire. Compared to other years Overall By death toll * Note: At least 10 dead By magnitude * Note: At least 7.0 magnitude By month January February March April May June July August September October November December See also * List of 21st-century earthquakes#2009, List of 21st-century earthquakes References {{Earthquakes by year 2009 earthquakes, * Lists of earthquakes by year, 2009 Lis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moment Magnitude Scale
The moment magnitude scale (MMS; denoted explicitly with or Mwg, and generally implied with use of a single M for magnitude) is a measure of an earthquake's magnitude ("size" or strength) based on its seismic moment. was defined in a 1979 paper by Thomas C. Hanks and Hiroo Kanamori. Similar to the local magnitude scale, local magnitude/Richter scale () defined by Charles Francis Richter in 1935, it uses a logarithmic scale; small earthquakes have approximately the same magnitudes on both scales. Despite the difference, news media often use the term "Richter scale" when referring to the moment magnitude scale. Moment magnitude () is considered the authoritative magnitude scale for ranking earthquakes by size. It is more directly related to the energy of an earthquake than other scales, and does not saturatethat is, it does not underestimate magnitudes as other scales do in certain conditions. It has become the standard scale used by seismological authorities like the United State ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Java
Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, projected to rise to 158 million at mid 2025, Java is the world's List of islands by population, most populous island, home to approximately 55.7% of the Demographics of Indonesia, Indonesian population (only approximately 44.3% of Indonesian population live outside Java). Indonesia's capital city, Jakarta, is on Java's northwestern coast. Many of the best known events in Indonesian history took place on Java. It was the centre of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires, the Islamic sultanates, and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies. Java was also the center of the History of Indonesia, Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s and 1940s. Java dominates Indonesia politically, economically and culturally. Four of Indonesia's eig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2009 Talaud Islands Earthquake
The 2009 Talaud Islands earthquake occurred on February 12 at 01:34 local time (February 11, 2009 at 17:34 UTC) near Talaud Islands (Indonesian: Kepulauan Talaud), Indonesia. This reverse-type shock had a moment magnitude of 7.2 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VI (''Strong''). There were at least 2 dead, 64 people injured and 597 buildings damaged in Talaud Islands. This earthquake could also be felt in the Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot .... See also * List of earthquakes in 2009 * List of earthquakes in Indonesia References External links * {{Earthquakes in Indonesia Earthquakes in Indonesia Talaud Islands earthquake, 2009 Talaud Islands Earthquake, 2009 February 2009 in Indonesia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiji
Fiji, officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists of an archipelago of more than 330 islands—of which about 110 are permanently inhabited—and more than 500 islets, amounting to a total land area of about . The most outlying island group is Ono-i-Lau. About 87% of the total population live on the two major islands, Viti Levu and Vanua Levu. About three-quarters of Fijians live on Viti Levu's coasts, either in the capital city of Suva, or in smaller urban centres such as Nadi (where tourism is the major local industry) or Lautoka (where the Sugarcane, sugar-cane industry is dominant). The interior of Viti Levu is sparsely inhabited because of its terrain. The majority of Fiji's islands were formed by Volcano, volcanic activity starting around 150 million years ago. Some geothermal activity still occurs today on the islands of Vanua Levu and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2009 Swan Islands Earthquake
The 2009 Swan Islands earthquake occurred on May 28 at with a moment magnitude of 7.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (''Very strong''). The epicenter was located in the Caribbean Sea, northeast of the island of Roatán, 19 miles northeast of Port Royal, Isla de Bahias, 15 miles northwest of Isla Barbaretta, and north-northeast of La Ceiba. Three aftershocks followed the earthquake within magnitude 4 range. Earthquake The earthquake occurred at a depth of around on a transform fault zone known as the Swan Islands Transform Fault on the southern margin of the Cayman Trough. It was a result of left-lateral strike-slip faulting. The Swan Island Transform Fault forms part of the tectonic boundary between the North American plate and the Caribbean plate, and continues onshore as the Motagua Fault and the Chixoy-Polochic Fault. The 30-second offshore quake was felt in Guatemala, El Salvador, Belize, and as far as Cancún in Mexico. It was also felt in parts of Nicaragu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders of Russia, land borders with fourteen countries. Russia is the List of European countries by population, most populous country in Europe and the List of countries and dependencies by population, ninth-most populous country in the world. It is a Urbanization by sovereign state, highly urbanised country, with sixteen of its urban areas having more than 1 million inhabitants. Moscow, the List of metropolitan areas in Europe, most populous metropolitan area in Europe, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, while Saint Petersburg is its second-largest city and Society and culture in Saint Petersburg, cultural centre. Human settlement on the territory of modern Russia dates back to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuril Islands
The Kuril Islands or Kurile Islands are a volcanic archipelago administered as part of Sakhalin Oblast in the Russian Far East. The islands stretch approximately northeast from Hokkaido in Japan to Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia, separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the north Pacific Ocean. There are 56 islands and many minor islets. The Kuril Islands consist of the Greater Kuril Chain and, at the southwest end, the parallel Lesser Kuril Chain. The group termed the 'South Kurils' consists of those of the Lesser Kuril Chain together with Kunashir and Iturup in the Greater Kuril Chain. The Vries Strait between Iturup and Urup forms the Miyabe Line dividing the North and South Kurils. The Kuril Islands cover an area of around , with a population of roughly 20,000. The islands have been under Russian administration since their Invasion of the Kuril Islands, 1945 invasion by the Soviet Union near the end of World War II. Japan claims the four southernmost islands, including two of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2009 Andaman Islands Earthquake
The 2009 Andaman Islands earthquake occurred on August 11 at in the Andaman Islands of India. The earthquake magnitude was recorded as 7.5 Mw, and was the strongest in the region since the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami. The epicentre was 260 km north of Port Blair, and tremors were felt in south-east India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Thailand. The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC), located on Ford Island, Hawaii, is one of two tsunami warning centers in the United States, covering Hawaii, Guam, American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands in the Pacific, as well as Puerto Ric ... issued a tsunami watch to India, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Thailand, but it was later lifted. No casualties or injuries were reported, although there were complaints about minor damage to buildings. See also * List of earthquakes in 2009 * List of earthquakes in India References External links * {{DEFAULTSORT:Andaman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2009 Tonga Earthquake
9 (nine) is the natural number following and preceding . Evolution of the Hindu–Arabic digit Circa 300 BC, as part of the Brahmi numerals, various Indians wrote a digit 9 similar in shape to the modern closing question mark without the bottom dot. The Kshatrapa, Andhra and Gupta started curving the bottom vertical line coming up with a -look-alike. How the numbers got to their Gupta form is open to considerable debate. The Nagari continued the bottom stroke to make a circle and enclose the 3-look-alike, in much the same way that the sign @ encircles a lowercase ''a''. As time went on, the enclosing circle became bigger and its line continued beyond the circle downwards, as the 3-look-alike became smaller. Soon, all that was left of the 3-look-alike was a squiggle. The Arabs simply connected that squiggle to the downward stroke at the middle and subsequent European change was purely cosmetic. While the shape of the glyph for the digit 9 has an ascender in most modern typefa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2009 Papua Earthquake
The 2009 West Papua earthquakes occurred on January 4 local time in Indonesia's Tambrauw Regency in Southwest Papua (then West Papua Province). The very large earthquake doublet comprised a 7.6 initial shock that had a maximum Mercalli intensity of VI (''Strong'') and a second event measuring 7.4 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (''Very strong''). The events took place less than three hours apart to the east-northeast of Sorong on the Bird's Head Peninsula and left at least four people dead and dozens injured. Earthquake There have been twenty-three aftershocks above magnitude 5.0 and another at magnitude 6.0. The earthquakes were also felt in nearby Papua New Guinea and Darwin, Australia. Impact An official of World Vision International, a humanitarian aid organization, said ten buildings had been destroyed, including several hotels and the house of a government official. Officials said three people, who had been staying at the Mutiara hotel in the city of Manokwari, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2009 Dusky Sound Earthquake
The 2009 Dusky Sound earthquake was a 7.8 earthquake that struck a remote region of Fiordland, New Zealand, on 15 July at 21:22 local time (09:22 UTC). It had an initially–reported depth of , and an epicentre near Dusky Sound in Fiordland National Park, which is north-west of Invercargill. It was the country's largest earthquake magnitude since the 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake, but caused only minor damage and there were no casualties. A tsunami accompanied the event and had a maximum measured run-up of . Earthquake New Zealand's Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences (GNS Science) initially measured the earthquake at 6.6. The United States Geological Survey's preliminary measurement was 8.0 before it was revised to 7.8. It was New Zealand's biggest earthquake magnitude since the 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake, and equal in magnitude to the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake. The 2009 earthquake occurred after a sequence of seismic events in northern Fiordland since 1988—six ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2009 Vanuatu Earthquakes
The 2009 Vanuatu earthquakes were three earthquakes with magnitudes ranging from 7.4 to 7.8, constituting some of the largest earthquakes in Vanuatu's history. Tectonic Setting The Vanuatu earthquakes of October 7, 2009: M 7.7, Vanuatu, 22:03:14; M 7.8 Santa Cruz Islands, 22:18:51 UTC; and M 7.4, Vanuatu, 23:13:48; all occurred as a result of shallow reverse faulting on or near the plate boundary interface between the Indo-Australian Plate and Pacific Plates. In the region of these earthquakes, the Indo-Australian Plate moves to the east-northeast with respect to the Pacific Plate at a velocity of about 91 mm/yr. The Indo-Australian Plate thrusts under the Pacific Plate at the New Hebrides Trench and dips to the east-northeast. The locations, depths, and focal mechanism solutions for the October 7th events are all consistent with them resulting from reverse faulting associated with subduction along the Australia-Pacific Plate boundary. The 7.8 earthquake of October 7, 2009 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
