2008 U.S. Presidential Race
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2008 U.S. Presidential Race
United States presidential election, Presidential elections were held in the United States on November 4, 2008. The Democratic Party (United States), Democratic ticket of Barack Obama, the junior list of United States senators from Illinois, senator from Illinois, and Joe Biden, the senior list of United States senators from Delaware, senator from Delaware, defeated the Republican Party (United States), Republican ticket of John McCain, the senior list of United States senators from Arizona, senator from Arizona, and Sarah Palin, the list of governors of Alaska, governor of Alaska. Obama became the first African American to be elected to the presidency. Incumbent Republican President George W. Bush was ineligible to pursue a third term due to the Term limits in the United States, term limits established by the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution, Twenty-second Amendment; this was the first election since 1952 United States presidential election, 1952 in ...
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United States Electoral College
In the United States, the Electoral College is the group of presidential electors that is formed every four years for the sole purpose of voting for the President of the United States, president and Vice President of the United States, vice president in the United States presidential election, presidential election. This process is described in Article Two of the United States Constitution, Article Two of the Constitution. The number of electors from each U.S. state, state is equal to that state's United States congressional apportionment, congressional delegation which is the number of List of current United States senators, senators (two) plus the number of US Representatives, Representatives for that state. Each state Article II of the United States Constitution#Clause 2: Method of choosing electors, appoints electors using legal procedures determined by its State legislature (United States), legislature. Federal government of the United States, Federal office holders, inclu ...
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List Of United States Senators From Illinois
Illinois was admitted to the United States, Union on December 3, 1818, and has been represented in the United States Senate by 47 senators. Senators from Illinois are elected to Classes of United States senators#Class 2, class 2 and Classes of United States senators#Class 3, class 3. The Senate twice refused to seat Frank L. Smith, in December 1926 for an appointed term and in March 1927 for an elected one, due to corruption, but he is included in this list because Smith and the Governor considered him to be a senator for approximately two years. Of the eight African Americans ever to sit in the U.S. Senate since Reconstruction era of the United States, Reconstruction, three have held Illinois's class 3 seat, including Barack Obama who went on to become the president of the United States. This makes Illinois the state with the most African-American senators. Illinois's current U.S. senators are Democrats Dick Durbin (serving since 1997) and Tammy Duckworth (serving since 2017). S ...
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Mitt Romney
Willard Mitt Romney (born March 12, 1947) is an American businessman and retired politician. He served as a United States Senate, United States senator from Utah from 2019 to 2025 and as the 70th governor of Massachusetts from 2003 to 2007. He was the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party's nominee in the 2012 United States presidential election, 2012 U.S. presidential election. Mitt Romney is a son of George W. Romney, a former governor of Michigan. Raised in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, Mitt spent over two years in France as a Mormon missionary. He married Ann Romney, Ann Davies in 1969; they have five sons. Active in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) throughout his adult life, Romney served as Bishop (Latter Day Saints), bishop of his Ward (LDS Church), ward and later as a Stake (LDS Church), stake president for an area covering Boston and many of its suburbs. By 1971, he had participated in the political campaigns of both his paren ...
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2008 Republican Party Presidential Primaries
From January 3 to June 3, 2008, voters of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party chose their nominee for President of the United States, president in the 2008 United States presidential election. United States Senate, Senator John McCain of Arizona was selected as the nominee through a series of Partisan primary, primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 2008 Republican National Convention held from Monday, September 1, through Thursday, September 4, 2008, in Saint Paul, Minnesota. President George W. Bush was ineligible to be elected to a third term due to the term limits established by the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution, 22nd Amendment. In a crowded primary of several prominent Republicans eyeing the nomination, former New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani was the early frontrunner. However, former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee won the Iowa Caucuses as he gained momentum just two months prior to the primary. Moderate U.S. Senat ...
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1928 United States Presidential Election
United States presidential election, Presidential elections were held in the United States on November 6, 1928. The History of the Republican Party (United States), Republican ticket of former Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover and Senator Charles Curtis defeated the History of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic ticket of New York Governor Al Smith and Senator Joseph Taylor Robinson, Joseph T. Robinson. After President Calvin Coolidge declined to seek reelection, Hoover emerged as the Republican Party's frontrunner. As Hoover's party opponents failed to unite around a candidate, Hoover received a large majority of the vote at the 1928 Republican National Convention. The strong state of the economy discouraged some Democrats from running, and Smith was nominated on the first ballot of the 1928 Democratic National Convention. Hoover and Smith had been widely known as potential presidential candidates long before the 1928 campaign, and both were generally regarded as ...
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Twenty-second Amendment To The United States Constitution
The Twenty-second Amendment (Amendment XXII) to the United States Constitution limits the number of times a person can be elected to the office of President of the United States to two terms, and sets additional eligibility conditions for presidents who succeed to the unexpired terms of their predecessors. Congress approved the Twenty-second Amendment on March 21, 1947, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification. That process was completed on February 27, 1951, when the requisite 36 of the 48 states had ratified the amendment (neither Alaska nor Hawaii had yet been admitted as a state), and its provisions came into force on that date. The amendment prohibits anyone who has been elected president twice from being elected again. Under the amendment, someone who fills an unexpired presidential term lasting more than two years is also prohibited from being elected president more than once. Scholars debate whether the amendment prohibits affected individuals from ...
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Term Limits In The United States
In the context of the politics of the United States, term limits restrict the number of terms of office an officeholder may serve. At the federal level, the president of the United States can serve a maximum of two four-year terms, with this being limited by the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution that came into force on February 27, 1951. Some state government offices are also term-limited, including executive, legislative, and judicial offices. Analogous measures exist at the city and county level across the U.S., though many details involving local governments in that country vary depending on the specific location. Term limits are also referred to as rotation in office. That specific terminology is often associated with the Founding Father and later president Thomas Jefferson given his use of it in his political arguments. Historical background Constitution Term limits date back to the American Revolution and prior to that, to the democrac ...
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African American
African Americans, also known as Black Americans and formerly also called Afro-Americans, are an Race and ethnicity in the United States, American racial and ethnic group that consists of Americans who have total or partial ancestry from any of the Black people, Black racial groups of Africa. African Americans constitute the second largest ethno-racial group in the U.S. after White Americans. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of Slavery in the United States, Africans enslaved in the United States. In 2023, an estimated 48.3 million people self-identified as Black, making up 14.4% of the country’s population. This marks a 33% increase since 2000, when there were 36.2 million Black people living in the U.S. African-American history began in the 16th century, with Africans being sold to Atlantic slave trade, European slave traders and Middle Passage, transported across the Atlantic to Slavery in the colonial history of the United States, the Western He ...
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Alaska
Alaska ( ) is a non-contiguous U.S. state on the northwest extremity of North America. Part of the Western United States region, it is one of the two non-contiguous U.S. states, alongside Hawaii. Alaska is also considered to be the northernmost, westernmost, and easternmost (the Aleutian Islands cross the 180th meridian into the eastern hemisphere) state in the United States. It borders the Canadian territory of Yukon and the province of British Columbia to the east. It shares a western maritime border, in the Bering Strait, with Russia's Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. The Chukchi and Beaufort Seas of the Arctic Ocean lie to the north, and the Pacific Ocean lies to the south. Technically, it is a semi-exclave of the U.S., and is the largest exclave in the world. Alaska is the largest U.S. state by area, comprising more total area than the following three largest states of Texas, California, and Montana combined, and is the seventh-largest subnational division i ...
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List Of Governors Of Alaska
The governor of Alaska (Iñupiaq language, Iñupiaq: ''Alaaskam kavanaa'') is the head of government of Alaska. The governor is the chief executive of the state and is the holder of the highest office in the executive branch of the government as well as being the commander in chief of the Alaska Department of Military and Veterans Affairs, Alaska's state forces. Twelve people have served as governor of the State of Alaska over 14 distinct terms, though Alaska had over 30 civilian and military governors during its long history as a United States territory. Only two governors, William A. Egan and Bill Walker (American politician), Bill Walker, were born in Alaska. Two people, Egan and Wally Hickel, have been elected to multiple non-consecutive terms as governor. Hickel is also noted for a rare Third party (United States), third party win in American politics, having been elected to a term in 1990 representing the Alaskan Independence Party. The longest-serving governor of the state ...
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List Of United States Senators From Arizona
Arizona was admitted to the United States, Union on February 14, 1912. United States Senate, U.S. senators from Arizona belong to Classes of United States senators, class 1 and Classes of United States senators, class 3 and are popularly elected for a six-year term beginning January 3. Elections are held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November. The state's current U.S. senators are Democrats Mark Kelly, serving since 2020, and Ruben Gallego, serving since 2025. Carl Hayden was the longest serving senator, served from 1927 to 1969. In total, only 15 individuals have ever served as a Senator from Arizona. List of senators , - style="height:2em" , colspan=3 , ''Vacant'' , nowrap , Feb 14, 1912 –Mar 27, 1912 , Arizona became a state February 14, 1912,but did not elect its U.S. senators until March 27. , rowspan=4 , 1 , rowspan=2 , rowspan=3 , 1 , Arizona became a state February 14, 1912,but did not elect its U.S. senators until March 27. , nowrap , Feb ...
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