|
1st Group Army
The 72nd Group Army () is a Chinese People's Liberation Army Ground Force (PLAGF) formation subordinated to the Eastern Theater Command. Prior to April 2017, it was called 1st Group Army (Unit 83011 and 73011) with its headquarters in Huzhou, Zhejiang. History The 1st Group Army was created by 1988 when the PLA's infantry corps were reorganized into group armies. The unit(s) forming the 1st Group Army were descended from the First Field Army of the late Chinese Civil War. 1st Group Army was subordinated to the Nanjing Military Region, which had strong political ties to paramount leader Deng Xiaoping. During the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre, the formation remained in place near Shanghai as a safeguard against unrest. During the force reductions of the late-1990s, the group army's 2nd Division was transferred to the People's Armed Police as Unit 8690. From the mid-2010s, the group army transferred to the Eastern Theater Command, which replaced the military regi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Group Army (military Unit)
Group armies () or army groups or combined corps, are corps-level formation (military), military formations of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force of China. Despite what the name suggests, current Group Armies are not Field army, army-level formations, but corps-sized formations commanding 12 to 14 brigades, roughly equivalent to List_of_corps_of_the_United_States#Active_corps, United States Army Corps. Some may use or translate 'Group Army' loosely to mean the same as Army Group through various time periods of history, depending on whether the military formation is under Nationalist China (ROC) or Communist China (PRC). Chinese Army Group or Group Army used to be equivalent to field army or army group in other militaries due to translation issues and ambiguity of the Chinese language. This is because while" " in Chinese language, Chinese means "corps" when classifying by size or number of troops, it also means (and more frequently so) in common and less precise military u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paramount Leader
Paramount leader () is an informal term for the most important Supreme leader, political figure in the China, People's Republic of China (PRC). The paramount leader typically controls the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the People's Liberation Army (PLA), often holding the titles of General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, CCP General Secretary and Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China), Chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC)."How China is ruled" . The List of state representatives of the People's Republic of China, state representative (President of the People's Republic of China, president) or head of government (Premier of the People's Republic of China, premier) are not necessarily paramount leader—under China's One-party state, part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Field Armies Of The People's Liberation Army
Field may refer to: Expanses of open ground * Field (agriculture), an area of land used for agricultural purposes * Airfield, an aerodrome that lacks the infrastructure of an airport * Battlefield * Lawn, an area of mowed grass * Meadow, a grassland that is either natural or allowed to grow unmowed and ungrazed * Playing field, used for sports or games Arts and media * In decorative art, the main area of a decorated zone, often contained within a border, often the background for motifs ** Field (heraldry), the background of a shield ** In flag terminology, the background of a flag * ''FIELD'' (magazine), a literary magazine published by Oberlin College in Oberlin, Ohio * ''Field'' (sculpture), by Anthony Gormley Organizations * Field department, the division of a political campaign tasked with organizing local volunteers and directly contacting voters * Field Enterprises, a defunct private holding company ** Field Communications, a division of Field Enterprises * Fiel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CBRN Defense
Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear defense (CBRN defense) or Nuclear, biological, and chemical protection (NBC protection) is a class of protective measures taken in situations where chemical warfare, chemical, biological warfare, biological, radiological warfare, radiological, or nuclear warfare, nuclear (including terrorism) hazards may be present. CBRN defense consists of CBRN passive protection, contamination avoidance, and Weapon of mass destruction, weapons of mass destruction mitigation. A CBRN incident differs from a hazardous material incident in both scope and intent. CBRN incidents are responded to under the assumption that they are intentional and malicious; evidence preservation and perpetrator apprehension are of greater concern than with Hazmat team incidents. A 2011 forecast concluded that worldwide government spending on CBRN defense products and services would reach US$8.38 billion that year. Etymology In English language, English, the 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Institute For Strategic Studies
The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) is an international research institute or think tank focusing on defence and security issues. Since 1997, its headquarters have been at Arundel House in London. It has offices on four continents, producing data and research on questions of defence, security and global affairs, publishing publications and online analysis, and convening major security summits. ''The Guardian'' newspaper has described the IISS as ‘one of the world’s leading security think tanks.’ The current Director-General and Chief Executive is Bastian Giegerich while Sir John Chipman is the Executive Chairman. The 2017 Global Go To Think Tank Index ranked IISS as the tenth-best think tank worldwide and the second-best Defence and National Security think tank globally, while Transparify ranked it third-largest UK think tank by expenditure, but gave it its lowest rating, describing it as deceptive, on funding transparency. Research The institu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Armed Police
) , abbreviation = PAP ("People's Armed Police") CAPF ("Chinese Armed Police Force"), formerly abbreviated''Wujing'' ( zh , s = 武警 , p = Wǔjǐng , l = Armed Police , labels = no ), or WJ as on vehicle license plates , patch = , patchcaption = Flag of the Force(since 10 January 2018) , logo = Emblem of PAP Helicopter.svg , logocaption = Roundel of People's Armed Police helicopters , badge = Chinese People's Armed Police Force (CAPF) cap insignia (2021).svg , badgecaption = Badge of the Force(since 1 August 2021) , flag = PAP Armband.svg , flagcaption = Sleeve badge of the Force , imagesize = , motto = , mottotranslated = (Serve the People) , formed = * (de facto) * , preceding1 = , dissolved = , superseding = , employees = 1.5 million , budget = , legalpersonality = , country = China , nat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shanghai
Shanghai, Shanghainese: , Standard Chinese pronunciation: is a direct-administered municipality and the most populous urban area in China. The city is located on the Chinese shoreline on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flowing through it. The population of the city proper is the List of largest cities, second largest in the world after Chongqing, with around 24.87 million inhabitants in 2023, while the urban area is the List of cities in China by population, most populous in China, with 29.87 million residents. As of 2022, the Greater Shanghai metropolitan area was estimated to produce a gross metropolitan product (GDP (nominal), nominal) of nearly 13 trillion Renminbi, RMB ($1.9 trillion). Shanghai is one of the world's major centers for finance, #Economy, business and economics, research, science and technology, manufacturing, transportation, List of tourist attractions in Shanghai, tourism, and Culture of Shanghai, culture. The Port of Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1989 Tiananmen Square Protests And Massacre
The Tiananmen Square protests, known within China as the June Fourth Incident, were student-led demonstrations held in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, lasting from 15 April to 4 June 1989. After weeks of unsuccessful attempts between the demonstrators and the Chinese government to find a peaceful resolution, the Chinese government deployed troops to occupy the square on the night of 3 June in what is referred to as the Tiananmen Square massacre. The events are sometimes called the '89 Democracy Movement, the Tiananmen Square Incident, or the Tiananmen uprising. The protests were precipitated by the death of pro-reform Chinese Communist Party (CCP) general secretary Hu Yaobang in April 1989 amid the backdrop of rapid economic development and social change in post-Mao China, reflecting anxieties among the people and political elite about the country's future. The reforms of the 1980s had led to a nascent market economy that benefited some people but seriously disadv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deng Xiaoping
Deng Xiaoping also Romanization of Chinese, romanised as Teng Hsiao-p'ing; born Xiansheng (). (22 August 190419 February 1997) was a Chinese statesman, revolutionary, and political theorist who served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China from 1978 to 1989. In the aftermath of Mao Zedong's Death and state funeral of Mao Zedong, death in 1976, Deng succeeded in consolidating power to lead China through a period of reform and opening up that transformed its economy into a socialist market economy. He is widely regarded as the "Architect of Modern China" for his contributions to socialism with Chinese characteristics and Deng Xiaoping Theory. Born in Sichuan, the son of landowning peasants, Deng first learned of Marxism–Leninism while studying and working abroad in France in the early 1920s through the Work-Study Movement. In France, he met future collaborators like Zhou Enlai. In 1924, he joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and continued his studies in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanjing Military Region
The Nanjing Military Region () was one of the former seven military command regions for the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Its jurisdiction covered all military and armed police located in Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, and Shanghai. It also covered Taiwan, which is claimed by the People's Republic of China but administered by the Republic of China. The final head of the region was Cai Yingting. This region is now part of the Eastern Theater Command. The 60th Corps was active in the Nanjing Military Region until disbanded in late 1985. In 2005, the International Institute for Strategic Studies listed the formation with an estimated 250,000 personnel, three group armies (1st, 12th, and 31st Group Armies), two armoured, one mechanised infantry, three motorised infantry, and one artillery division. There were also one armoured, four motorised infantry, two artillery, three anti-aircraft brigades, plus an anti-tank regiment. The headquarters for the East Sea F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Theater Command
The Eastern Theater Command () is one of the five theater commands of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), founded 1 February 2016. It replaced the Nanjing Military Region. The command is headquartered in Nanjing. Its jurisdiction includes Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Shanghai provinces and the East China Sea to include the Strait of Taiwan. The Eastern Theater Command is primarily composed three subordinate single-service component commands: the Eastern Theater Ground Force of the PLAGF, the East Sea Fleet of the PLAN, and the Eastern Theater Command Air Force of the PLAAF which conduct combat operations within the command's area of responsibility. Also under the Eastern Theater Command is the Wuxi Joint Logistics Support Center (JSLC) of the CMC's Joint Logistics Support Force which provides logistic and material support to the command and Base 61 of the PLARF which is responsible for missile employment in the Eastern Theater. Its commander is General Lin Xia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Civil War
The Chinese Civil War was fought between the Kuomintang-led Nationalist government, government of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China and the forces of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Armed conflict continued intermittently from 1 August 1927 until Communist victory resulted in their total control over mainland China on 7 December 1949. The war is generally divided into two phases with an interlude: from August 1927 to 1937, the First United Front alliance of the KMT and CCP collapsed during the Northern Expedition, and the Nationalists controlled most of China. From 1937 to 1945, hostilities were mostly put on hold as the Second United Front fought the Second Sino-Japanese War, Japanese invasion of China with eventual help from the Allies of World War II. However, armed clashes between the groups remained common. Exacerbating the divisions within China further was the formation of the Wang Jingwei regime, a Japan-sponsored puppet government led by Wang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
