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1993 Russian Legislative Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Russia on 12 December 1993 to elect all 450 seats of the 1st State Duma of the Russian Federation. Additionally, the elections were the first and only instance of direct elections to the Federation Council (Russia), Federation Council, with future members appointed by provincial legislatures and governors. The far-right Liberal Democratic Party of Russia won a total of 64 seats, the most deputies of any single bloc in the chamber. The pro-government Democratic choice of Russia, Choice of Russia bloc came second with 62 deputies, and the anti-government Communist Party of the Russian Federation came third with 42. Five seats in Tatarstan were left vacant due to turnout below 25%, and one seat in Chechnya was also unfilled. The elections were held concurrently with the 1993 Russian constitutional referendum. Background Since January 1993, there had been efforts between both elements within the Congress of People's Deputies of Russia and Presi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Duma
The State Duma is the lower house of the Federal Assembly (Russia), Federal Assembly of Russia, with the upper house being the Federation Council (Russia), Federation Council. It was established by the Constitution of Russia, Constitution of the Russian Federation in 1993. The Duma headquarters are located in central Moscow, a few steps from Manezhnaya Square, Moscow, Manege Square. Its members are referred to as deputies. The State Duma replaced the Supreme Soviet of Russia, Supreme Soviet as a result of the new constitution introduced by Boris Yeltsin in the aftermath of the Russian constitutional crisis of 1993, and approved in a 1993 Russian constitutional referendum, nationwide referendum. In the 2007 Russian legislative election, 2007 and 2011 Russian legislative elections a full party-list proportional representation with 7% electoral threshold system was used, but this was subsequently repealed. The legislature's term length was initially 2 years in the 1993–1995 ele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberal Democratic Party Of Russia
LDPR – Liberal Democratic Party of Russia () is a Russian Ultranationalism, ultranationalist and Right-wing populism, right-wing populist List of political parties in Russia, political party. It succeeded the Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union (LDPSU) in Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The party was led by Vladimir Zhirinovsky since its inception until his death in April 2022. Opposing both communism and capitalism of the 1990s, the party scored a major success in the 1993 Russian legislative election, 1993 Duma elections with almost 23% of the vote, giving it 64 seats of the 450 seats in the State Duma. In the 2021 Russian legislative election, 2021 elections, the party received 7.55% of the vote, giving it 21 seats. Despite the party's name, it has been described as "neither liberal nor democratic nor a party". The LDPR was centered around Zhirinovsky, and is often described as Populism, populist, Russian nationalism, nationalist, or Ultranationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federation Council (Russia)
The Federation Council, unofficially Senate, is the upper house of the Federal Assembly (Russia), Federal Assembly of Russia, with the lower house being the State Duma. It was established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 1993. Each of the 89 federal subjects of Russia (including Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, two annexed in 2014 and Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts, four more in 2022, which are not recognized by the international community), consisting of 24 Republics of Russia, republics, 48 Oblasts of Russia, oblasts, nine Krais of Russia, krais, three Federal cities of Russia, federal cities, four Autonomous okrugs of Russia, autonomous okrugs, and one Autonomous oblasts of Russia, autonomous oblast, sends two senators to the Council, for a total membership of 178 Senators. In addition, the Constitution also provides for senators from the Russian Federation, which can be no more than 30 (up to seven o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st State Duma Of The Russian Federation
The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 1st convocation () is a former convocation of the legislative branch of the State Duma, Lower House of the Federal Assembly (Russia), Russian Parliament, worked from December 12, 1993 – December 16, 1995. The first few months, the State Duma was located in the Comecon building on New Arbat Avenue, then moved to the State Duma building on Okhotny Ryad (street), Okhotny Ryad. Leadership On January 14, 1994, the parliament elected Agrarian Party of Russia, Agrarian Ivan Rybkin as the Chairman of the State Duma. Before his election, the session was moderated by the oldest deputy, 68-year-old LDPR, Liberal Democrat Georgy Lukava. Chairman election The first round was held on 13 January 1994 by rating voting using an Open ballot system, open ballot. The runoff was conducted by secret ballot on the next day, before which Yury Vlasov endorsed Ivan Rybkin. Factions and groups Committees 23 committees op ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders of Russia, land borders with fourteen countries. Russia is the List of European countries by population, most populous country in Europe and the List of countries and dependencies by population, ninth-most populous country in the world. It is a Urbanization by sovereign state, highly urbanised country, with sixteen of its urban areas having more than 1 million inhabitants. Moscow, the List of metropolitan areas in Europe, most populous metropolitan area in Europe, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, while Saint Petersburg is its second-largest city and Society and culture in Saint Petersburg, cultural centre. Human settlement on the territory of modern Russia dates back to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliamentary Elections
A general election is an electoral process to choose most or all members of a governing body at the same time. They are distinct from by-elections, which fill individual seats that have become vacant between general elections. General elections typically occur at regular intervals as mandated by a country's constitution or electoral laws, and may include elections for a legislature and sometimes other positions such as a directly elected president. In many jurisdictions, general elections can coincide with other electoral events such as local, regional, or supranational elections. For example, on 25 May 2014, Belgian voters simultaneously elected their national parliament, 21 members of the European Parliament, and regional parliaments. In the United States, "general election" has a slightly different, but related meaning: the ordinary electoral competition following the selection of candidates in the primary election. United Kingdom The term ''general election'' in the Unit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Rybkin
Ivan Petrovich Rybkin (; born 20 October 1946) is a Russian politician. He was Chairman of Russia's State Duma in 1994–96 and Secretary of the Security Council in 1996–1998. He has the federal state civilian service rank of 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation. He ran for the Russian presidency in 2004, before dropping out after allegedly being kidnapped and drugged by Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) officers. Early life He was born in village of Semigorka, Voronesh Oblast. In 1968, Rybkin graduated from Volgograd Agricultural Institute, and in 1991 from the Soviet Academy of Social Sciences. Political career After a career on lower ranks of the Communist Party, Rybkin was elected as peoples' deputy to the congress of the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic in 1990. In 1993, Rybkin became a member of the Agrarian Party of Russia. That very year in December, he was elected deputy of the State Duma. Speaker of Russian State Duma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1993 Russian Constitutional Crisis
In September and October 1993, a constitutional crisis arose in the Russian Federation from a conflict between the then Russian president Boris Yeltsin and the country's parliament. Yeltsin performed a self-coup, dissolving parliament and instituting a presidential rule by decree system. The crisis ended with Yeltsin using military force to attack Moscow's House of Soviets and arrest the lawmakers. In Russia, the events are known as the "October Coup" () or "Black October" (). With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic turned into an independent country, the Russian Federation. The Soviet-era 1978 Russian constitution remained in effect, though it had been amended in April 1991 to install a president independent of the parliament. Boris Yeltsin, elected president in July 1991, began assuming increasing powers, leading to a political standoff with Russia's parliament, which in 1993 was composed of the Congress o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruslan Khasbulatov
Ruslan Imranovich Khasbulatov (, ; 22 November 1942 – 3 January 2023) was a Russian economist and politician and the former chairman of Parliament of Russia of Chechen descent who played a central role in the events leading to the 1993 constitutional crisis in the Russian Federation. Early life Khasbulatov was born in Tolstoy-Yurt, a village near Grozny, the capital of Chechnya, on 22 November 1942. In February 1944, he was deported to Central Asia during the Chechen deportations. After studying in Almaty, Khasbulatov moved to Moscow in 1962, where he studied law at the prestigious Moscow State University. After graduating in 1966, he joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. He continued his studies, focusing on the political, social and economic development of capitalist countries, and received several higher degrees between 1970 and 1980. During the 1970s and 1980s, he published a number of books on international economics and trade. Political career Entry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chairman Of The State Duma
The Chairman of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (), also informally called ''Speaker'' (), is the presiding officer of the State Duma, lower house of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, Russian parliament. It is the fourth highest position, after the President of Russia, President, the Prime Minister of Russia, Prime Minister and the Chairman of the Federation Council (Russia), Chairman of the Federation Council, in the government of Russia. His responsibilities include overseeing the day-to-day business of the State Duma, presiding and maintaining order at the regular sessions of the parliament. The Speaker also chairs the Council of the Duma which includes representatives from all the parliamentary parties and determines the legislative agenda. The Speaker of the Duma may intervene and express his views but is supposed to be unbiased in his activities at the regular sessions of the parliament. History The position Chairman of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chairman Of The Supreme Soviet Of The RSFSR
The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic was the collective head of state of the Russian SFSR and the permanent body of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR that was accountable to the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR in its activity and, within the nominal limits prescribed by the Constitution of the Russian SFSR, performed functions of the highest state power in the Russian SFSR between 1938 and 1990. It was elected by the Supreme Soviet of Russia to perform the Supreme Soviet's activities when it was not in session, which, in practice, was most of the year. History Predecessor offices The office was created as a replacement for the Central Executive Committee of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets. Political significance Since the Russian SFSR enjoyed only limited autonomy within the Soviet Union until late into the perestroika period and since real executive power was in the hands of the Soviet Communist Party until 1990 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
