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1992 Israeli Legislative Election
Elections for the 13th Knesset were held in Israel on 23 June 1992. The election resulted in the formation of a Labor government, led by Yitzhak Rabin, helped by the failure of several small right wing parties to pass the electoral threshold. Voter turnout was 77%. Parliament factions The table below lists the parliamentary factions represented in the 12th Knesset. Results Aftermath Labour's Yitzhak Rabin formed the twenty-fifth government on 13 July 1992, including Meretz and Shas in his coalition, which had 17 ministers. Hadash and the Arab Democratic Party also supported the government despite not being coalition members. Shas left the coalition in September 1993, and Yiud joined in January 1995. Rabin's government advanced the peace process to unprecedented levels; the Oslo Accords were signed with Yasser Arafat's PLO in 1993 and the Israel–Jordan peace treaty in 1994. The government's willingness to make peace with Syria and concede the Golan Heights led to Av ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1988 Israeli Legislative Election
Elections for the 12th Knesset were held in Israel on 1 November 1988. Voter turnout was 79.7%.Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I'', p127 Parliament factions The table below lists the parliamentary factions represented in the 11th Knesset. Debates Results Aftermath Likud's Yitzhak Shamir formed the twenty-third government on 22 December 1988, including the Alignment, the National Religious Party, Shas, Agudat Yisrael and Degel HaTorah in his coalition, with 25 ministers. In 1990 Shimon Peres tried to form an Alignment-led coalition in a move that became known as " the dirty trick", but failed to win sufficient support. Eventually Shamir formed the twenty-fourth government on 11 June 1990, with a coalition encompassing Likud, the National Religious Party, Shas, Agudat Yisrael, Degel HaTorah, the New Liberal Party, Tehiya, Tzomet, Moledet, Unity for Peace and Immigration and Geulat Yisrael. Tehiya, Tzomet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expert on electoral system An electoral or voting system is a set of rules used to determine the results of an election. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections may take place in business, nonprofit organizations and inf ...s and political development, he has published several books. Bibliography Books published by Nohlen include: *''Electoral systems of the world'' (in German, 1978) *''Lexicon of politics'' (seven volumes) *''Elections and Electoral Systems'' (1996) *''Elections in Africa: A Data Handbook'' (1999 with Michael Krennerich and Bernhard Thibaut) *''Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook'' (2001 with and Christof Hartmann) ** ''Volume 2: South East Asia, East ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shas
Shas () is a Haredi Judaism, Haredi religious List of political parties in Israel, political party in Israel. Founded in 1984 by Rabbi Ovadia Yosef, a former Israeli Sephardic Jews, Sephardi chief rabbi, who remained its spiritual leader until his death in October 2013, it primarily represents the interests of Sephardic Haredim, Sephardic and Mizrahi Jews, Mizrahi Haredi Judaism, Haredi Jews. Shas is the third-largest party in the Knesset . Since 1984, it has been part of most governing coalitions, whether the ruling party was Israeli Labor Party, Labor or Likud. Name The party was originally called ''Shom'rei Torah'' ("Guardians of the Torah"), with the acronym ש״ת, pronounced "Shat" or "Shas". However, Israeli election law requires a party wishing to use letters for their acronym that already appear in the acronym of an existing party to first obtain permission from that party, and the Israeli Labor Party, whose letters are אמת, refused to grant Shas permission to use t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shinui
Shinui () was a Zionist, secular, and anti-clerical free market Liberalism worldwide, liberal party and political movement in Israel. The party twice became the third-largest in the Knesset, but both occasions were followed by a split and collapse; in 1977 Israeli legislative election, 1977, the party won 15 seats as part of the Democratic Movement for Change, but the alliance split in 1978, and Shinui was reduced to two seats at the 1981 Israeli legislative election, next elections. In 2003 Israeli legislative election, 2003, the party won 15 seats alone, but lost them all 2006 Israeli legislative election, three years later after most of its MKs left to form new parties. The party was a member of Liberal International until 2009. Though it had been the standard-bearer of economic liberalism and secularism in Israel for 30 years, the formation of Kadima robbed Shinui of its natural constituency, and in January 2006 the party split into small factions, none of which managed to ove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mapam
File:Pre-State_Zionist_Workers'_Parties_chart.png, chart of zionist workers parties, 360px, right rect 167 83 445 250 Hapoel Hatzair rect 450 88 717 265 The non-partisans (pre-state Zionist political movement), Non Partisans rect 721 86 995 243 Poale Zion, Poalei Zion rect 152 316 373 502 Hapoel HaMizrachi, HaPoel HaMizrachi rect 552 328 884 512 Ahdut HaAvoda rect 891 301 1111 534 Poale Zion#Factions,_1920_split_and_aftermath, Poalei Zion Left rect 283 519 668 928 Mapai rect 5 665 169 1432 HaOved HaTzioni rect 697 747 918 953 Ahdut HaAvoda#Ahdut_HaAvoda_Movement, Ahdut HaAvoda Movement rect 755 977 959 1234 Ahdut HaAvoda#Ahdut_HaAvoda_Poale_Zion_Movement, Ahdut HaAvoda Poalei ZIon rect 775 1265 1136 1444 Mapam rect 966 1023 1232 1217 Hashomer Hatzair Workers Party, HaShomer Hatzair Workers' Party rect 1044 572 1228 766 Hashomer Hatzair, HaShomer HaTzair rect 942 769 1177 919 Socialist League of Palestine rect 387 1275 734 1447 Mapai rect 365 1260 174 1447 Hapoel HaMizrachi, HaPoel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ratz (political Party)
Ratz (), officially the Movement for Civil Rights and Peace (Hebrew: , ''HaTnua'a LeZkhuyot HaEzrah VeLaShalom'') was a left-wing political party in Israel that focused on human rights, civil rights and women's rights. It was active from 1973 until its formal merger into Meretz in 1997. However, it remains a registered political party. History The Movement for Civil Rights and Peace was formed in 1973 by Shulamit Aloni, a former MK for the Alignment, 48 hours after she had left the party. As a member of the Israeli peace camp it opposed the occupation of the West Bank and Gaza strip and called for a peace settlement with the Palestine Liberation Organization from its birth. The party advocated secularism, the separation of religion and state, and civil rights, most notably women's rights, a topic that was very close to Aloni. It was also a notable fighter against corruption and for a written constitution, and Aloni was the initiator of the Knesset sub-committee for basic laws (I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amnon Rubinstein
Amnon Rubinstein (; 5 September 1931 – 18 January 2024) was an Israeli legal scholar, politician and recipient of the Israel Prize. A member of the Knesset between 1977 and 2002, he served in several ministerial positions. He is referred to as the “founding father of Israeli Constitutional Law” In later life he was dean of the Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) in Herzliya and a patron of Liberal International. Biography Rubinstein was born in Tel Aviv to Aharon, a building contractor and founder of the "Rubinstein Group", and Rachel, who immigrated from Poland to Israel in the early 1920s. His family opposed Labor Zionism and in his youth, he supported the Irgun. Rubinstein was active in public life from a young age. In the early 1950s, he was a member of the Volunteers' Row, a public organization aimed at fighting corruption and helping new immigrants. He attended the Geula Commercial High School in Tel Aviv and later at a high school in Baltimore, United States. During ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yair Tzaban
Yair Tzaban (; born 23 August 1930) is an Israeli politician, academic and social activist. Biography Tzaban was born in Jerusalem in 1930. During the 1948 Palestine War he fought in the Palmach. He was among the founders of Kibbutz Tzora, near Jerusalem. In the 1950s, after moving to Tel Aviv, he studied in Seminar HaKibutzim (a teacher's college) and worked as a teacher and youth educator in the poor suburbs of Tel Aviv. Tzaban holds a BA degree in Jewish and General Philosophy from Tel Aviv University. For 45 years Tzaban has been politically active. He was a member of the political bureau of the original Maki (historical political party), Maki from 1965 to 1973 and its chairman in 1972–1973. In 1977 he was a co-founder of the Left Camp of Israel, a peace list which ran for the Knesset and Histadrut elections. In 1981 he was elected to the Knesset, where he served for 16 years as representative of the Alignment (political party), Alignment, Mapam and Meretz. In 1992 he was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secularism
Secularism is the principle of seeking to conduct human affairs based on naturalistic considerations, uninvolved with religion. It is most commonly thought of as the separation of religion from civil affairs and the state and may be broadened to a similar position seeking to remove or to minimize the role of religion in any public sphere. Secularism may encapsulate anti-clericalism, atheism, naturalism, non-sectarianism, neutrality on topics of religion, or antireligion. Secularism is not necessarily antithetical to religion, but may be compatible with it. As a philosophy, secularism seeks to interpret life based on principles derived solely from the material world, without recourse to religion. It shifts the focus from religion towards "temporal" and material concerns. There are distinct traditions of secularism like the French, Turkish, American and Indian models. These differ greatly, from the American emphasis on avoiding an established religion and the freedom of bel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meretz
Meretz (, ; ) was a left-wing political party in Israel. The party was formed in 1992 by the merger of Ratz, Mapam and Shinui, and was at its peak between 1992 and 1996 when it had 12 seats. It had no seats in the Knesset following its failure to pass the electoral threshold in the 2022 elections, the only time it failed to win seats in the Knesset. Meretz was a social democratic and secular party emphasising a two-state solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, social justice, human rights (especially for religious, ethnic and sexual minorities), religious freedom and environmentalism. The party was a member of the Progressive Alliance and Socialist International, and was an observer member of the Party of European Socialists. The party's position on Zionism was disputed. On 30 June 2024 the party agreed to merge with the Israeli Labor Party to form a new party, the Democrats. Under the merger agreement, there will be one Meretz representative in every four spots on t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unity For Peace And Immigration
Unity for Peace and Immigration (, ''Ahdut LeMa'an HaShalom VeHaAliya'') was a short-lived one man political faction in Israel in the early 1990s. Background The faction was formed on 25 December 1990 when Efraim Gur broke away from the Alignment in 1990, during the term of the twelfth Knesset.Mergers and Splits Among Parliamentary Groups Knesset website Gur was invited to join 's new government, which had been formed (minus the Alignment) on 11 June 1990, and accepted. He was initially appointed Deputy Minister of Commun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Democracy
Social democracy is a Social philosophy, social, Economic ideology, economic, and political philosophy within socialism that supports Democracy, political and economic democracy and a gradualist, reformist, and democratic approach toward achieving social equality. In modern practice, social democracy has taken the form of predominantly capitalist economies, a robust welfare state, policies promoting social justice, market regulation, and a more Redistribution of income and wealth, equitable distribution of income. Social democracy maintains a commitment to Representative democracy, representative and participatory democracy. Common aims include curbing Social inequality, inequality, eliminating the oppression of Social privilege, underprivileged groups, eradicating poverty, and upholding universally accessible public services such as child care, Universal education, education, elderly care, Universal health care, health care, and workers' compensation. Economically, it support ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
