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1991 Belarusian Revolution
The 1991 Belarusian strikes, also referred to in Belarus as the April Strikes ( be, Красавіцкія забастоўкі, translit=Krasavickija zabastoŭki), were a series of nationwide strikes and rallies in the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (modern-day Belarus). Originally in opposition to price increases and a tax on goods from republics sold in another republic (which heavily affected the export-based Belarusian economy), the protests later turned into a broadly anti-Soviet movement, calling for the resignation of Soviet leadership, a reduction of the economic role of the Soviet government, and fresh elections to the Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. Background Under the rule of Pyotr Masherov, the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic had evolved rapidly from agrarianism into industrialism. By 1991, Belarus was producing goods such as tractors, automobiles and computers. However, the economic downturn faced by the Soviet Unio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarusian Democracy Movement
The Belarusian opposition consists of groups and individuals in Belarus seeking to challenge, from 1988 to 1991, the authorities of Soviet Belarus, and since 1995, the leader of the country Alexander Lukashenko, whom supporters of the movement often consider to be a dictator. Supporters of the movement tend to call for a parliamentary democracy based on a Western model, with freedom of speech and political and religious pluralism. Background The modern Belarusian democracy movement originated in the late 1980s when Mikhail Gorbachev's Perestroika and the Chernobyl disaster exposed the serious shortcomings of the Soviet system and galvanized a significant section of Belarusians around the issues of environment, de-Stalinization, national revival and democratic change. The dissolution of the Soviet Union brought about a brief period of democracy from 1991 to 1994. However, since his election in 1994, Alexander Lukashenko established an authoritarian rule creating a politic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikalay Dzyemyantsyey
Mikalay Dzyemyantsyey ( be, Мікалай Дземянцей, Łacinka: ''Mikałaj Dzemianciej'', russian: Николай Дементей, Nikolay Dementey; 25 May 1930 – 10 July 2018) was a Soviet and Belarusian politician who was chairman of the Belarusian Supreme Soviet. A former member of the Communist Party of Belarus, he was replaced by Stanislav Shushkevich as chairman because he sided with the leaders of the August 1991 coup attempt against Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ... president Mikhail Gorbachev. He died on 10 July 2018, at the age of 88. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charter 97
Charter 97 ( be, Хартыя'97; russian: Хартия'97) is a declaration calling for democracy in Belarus and a pro- human rights news site taking its inspiration from the declaration. The document – the title of which deliberately echoes the Czechoslovak human rights declaration Charter 77 20 years earlier – was created on the anniversary of a referendum held in 1996, and which, in the words of the organization of the same name, declares: "devotion to the principles of independence, freedom and democracy, respect to the human rights, solidarity with everybody, who stands for elimination of dictatorial regime and restoration of democracy in Belarus". Belarusian journalist Pavał Šaramiet acted as the group's spokesman at the declaration's public launch. Charter 97, as a citizens' human rights organisation based on the principles outlined in this document, is a non-partisan organisation which has organised protest rallies and has provided a springboard for other democ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government House, Minsk
russian: Дом правительства , image = House of Government (Minsk) 20190502.jpg , caption = Government House in 2019 , location = Independence Square, Minsk , location_country = Belarus , coordinates = , start_date = 1930 , architectural_style= Constructivism , completion_date = 1934 , architect = Iosif Langbard , owner = Government of Belarus , website = , current_tenants = Roman Golovchenko as Prime Minister of Belarus The Government House or House of Government ( be, Дом урада, russian: Дом правительства) is a government building in Minsk located on Independence Square. It houses the National Assembly of Belarus and its two chambers: the Council of the Republic and the House of Representatives (located in the right wing). The National Assembly is one of the highest organs of national power and symbolism in the country. It was built in 1934 and designed by Iosif Langbard. It stands behind a statue of Vladimir Lenin and is one of the few b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR or RSFSR ( rus, Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, Rossíyskaya Sovétskaya Federatívnaya Socialistíčeskaya Respúblika, rɐˈsʲijskəjə sɐˈvʲetskəjə fʲɪdʲɪrɐˈtʲivnəjə sətsɨəlʲɪˈsʲtʲitɕɪskəjə rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə, Ru-Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика.ogg), previously known as the Russian Soviet Republic and the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic as well as being unofficially known as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people, article I. the Russian Federation or simply Russia, was an independent federal socialist state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest and most populous of the Soviet socialist republics of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1922 to 1991, until becoming a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gazeta
Gazeta may refer to: in Albania-language newspapers, * Gazeta 55, daily newspaper * Gazeta Rilindja Demokratike, daily newspaper * Gazeta Shqip, daily newspaper in Polish-language newspapers, * Gazetagazeta.com, a Polish-language daily newspaper, published in Toronto * Gazeta Olsztyńska, a Polish-language newspaper, published 1886–1939 in Prussia * Gazeta Polska, a Polish weekly * Gazeta Polska (1929–1939), a newspaper of interwar Poland, published from 1929 to 1939 in Warsaw * Gazeta Warszawska, the first newspaper published regularly in Warsaw * Gazeta Wyborcza, a Polish newspaper in Russian-language newspapers, * Gazeta.ru, a Russian newspaper * Literaturnaya Gazeta, a weekly cultural and political newspaper published in Russia * Nezavisimaya Gazeta, a Russian-language daily newspaper * Novaya Gazeta, a Russian newspaper * Roman-Gazeta, a literary monthly in the Soviet Union * Rossiyskaya Gazeta, a Russian government daily newspaper in other newspapers, * A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monetary Reform In The Soviet Union, 1991
Monetary reform of 1991 (known also as Pavlov Reform) was the last such reform in the Soviet Union. The reform had a confiscatory character. It began on January 22, 1991. Its architect was Minister of Finance Valentin Pavlov, who was to become the last prime minister of the Soviet Union on January 14 1991. Overview On 22 January 1991, President of the USSR Mikhail Gorbachev signed a decree on withdrawal from circulation and retirement of the 50- and 100-ruble banknotes of then-current 1961 issue. However, just two weeks prior to the signing, Pavlov had said in a speech that no such reforms would take place. The signing of the Decree was reported on television at 21:00 pm Moscow time Moscow Time (MSK, russian: моско́вское вре́мя) is the time zone for the city of Moscow, Russia, and most of western Russia, including Saint Petersburg. It is the second-westernmost of the eleven time zones of Russia. It has b ... the same day. By that time, virtually all financi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cabinet Of Ministers (Soviet Union)
Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR (russian: Кабинет Министров СССР) functioned as the administrative, executive body and the government after the Council of Ministers was dissolved. It consisted of the Prime Minister, his 7 deputies (2 first deputy Prime Ministers and 5 deputy Prime Ministers) and the 36 ministers and 1 State Committee of the Soviet Union. Its leading decision-making organ was the Presidium, which consisted of the prime minister, his deputies, and an Administrator of affairs. The Cabinet of Ministers was to be the responsibility of the President of the Soviet Union and the Supreme Soviet and was accountable to both institutions. All newly formed Cabinets were to submit their program to the Supreme Soviet for approval. The Cabinet of Ministers was obliged to tender its resignation if the sitting president stepped down. The Cabinet of Ministers was responsible for formulating and executing the All-Union state budget, administering defence ent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarusian National Revival
The Belarusian national revival ( be, Беларускае нацыянальнае адраджэнне) is a social, cultural and political movement that advocates the revival of Belarusian culture, language, customs, and the creation of the Belarusian statehood at the national foundation. In the early and mid 19th century, Jan Czeczot, Wladyslaw Syrokomla, Wincenty Dunin-Marcinkiewicz, Jan Barszczewski and several other writers, most of whom represented the local nobility, created the first literary works in modern Belarusian language. Their works were written in local rural dialects and ignored the traditions of the written Old Belarusian language from the period of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In the second half of the 19th century, leftist national clubs emerged among Belarusian students in the major universities of the Russian Empire, i.e. in the University of St. Petersburg. These clubs issued several illegal publications, for example, Homan with demands for auto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chernobyl Disaster
The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 at the No. 4 nuclear reactor, reactor in the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, near the city of Pripyat in the north of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukrainian SSR in the Soviet Union. It is one of only two nuclear energy accidents rated at seven—the maximum severity—on the International Nuclear Event Scale, the other being the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan. The initial emergency response, together with later decontamination of the environment, involved more than Chernobyl liquidators, 500,000 personnel and cost an estimated 18 billion Soviet rouble, roubles—roughly US$68 billion in 2019, adjusted for inflation. The accident occurred during a safety test meant to measure the ability of the steam turbine to power the emergency feedwater pumps of an RBMK, RBMK-type nuclear reactor in the event of a simultaneous loss of external power and major coolant leak. During a pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is a United States government funded organization that broadcasts and reports news, information, and analysis to countries in Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Caucasus, and the Middle East where it says that "the free flow of information is either banned by government authorities or not fully developed". RFE/RL is a private, non-profit 501(c)(3) corporation supervised by the U.S. Agency for Global Media, an independent government agency overseeing all U.S. federal government international broadcasting services. Daisy Sindelar is the vice president and editor-in-chief of RFE. RFE/RL broadcasts in 27 languages to 23 countries. The organization has been headquartered in Prague, Czech Republic, since 1995, and has 21 local bureaus with over 500 core staff and 1,300 stringers and freelancers in countries throughout their broadcast region. In addition, it has 700 employees at its headquarters and corporate office in Washington, D.C. Radio Free E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyotr Masherov
Pyotr Mironovich Masherov, ''Piotr Mironavič Mašeraŭ''russian: Пётр Миронович Машеров (né Mashero; – 4 October 1980) was a Soviet partisan, statesman, and one of the leaders of the Belarusian resistance during World War II who governed the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Byelorussia from 1965 until his death in 1980. Under Masherov's rule, Belarus was transformed from an agrarian, undeveloped nation which had not yet recovered from the Second World War into an industrial powerhouse; Minsk, the capital and largest city of Belarus, became one of the fastest-growing cities on the planet. Masherov ruled until his sudden death in 1980, after his vehicle was hit by a potato truck. Born to a peasant family in what is today the Vitebsk Region during the early stages of the Russian Civil War, Masherov was a teacher in mathematics and physics in his youth. Following his father's arrest and death during th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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