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1990 Ukrainian Parliamentary Election
Supreme Soviet elections were held in the Ukrainian SSR on 4 March 1990, with runoffs in some seats held between 10 and 18 March. The elections were held to elect deputies to the republic's parliament, the Verkhovna Rada. Simultaneously, elections of oblast councils also took place in their respective administrative divisions. They were the first relatively free elections held in the SSR, and the closest thing to a free election Ukraine had seen since the unfinished 1918 Constituent Assembly elections. Although the campaign was far from being clear and transparent, representatives of the Democratic Bloc were the first to provide a legal challenge to the authority of the Communist Party of the Ukrainian SSR in parliament. A total of 442 National Deputies were elected – short of the 450 seat total, due to low voter turnout. The parliamentary convocation that convened after the 1990 election declared the independence of Ukraine from the Soviet Union on 24 August 1991. Later, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Soviet Of The Ukrainian SSR
The Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR (; ) was the Supreme Soviet, supreme soviet (main Legislature, legislative institution) and the highest organ of state power of Ukraine when it was known as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (Ukrainian SSR), one of the Republics of the Soviet Union, union republics of the Soviet Union. The Supreme Soviet was Ukraine's sole branch of government and, per the principle of unified power, all state organs were subservient to it. It was established in 1937 replacing the All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets. Before ''Demokratizatsiya (Soviet Union), demokratizatsiya'', the Supreme Soviet had been characterized as a rubber stamp (politics), rubber stamp for the Soviet Ukrainian regime or as only being able to affect issues of low sensitivity and salience to the regime by the Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union), Ukrainian Communist Party, similar to all other supreme soviets in the Republics of the Soviet Union, union republics. The 1990 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (2 March 1931 – 30 August 2022) was a Soviet and Russian politician who served as the last leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to dissolution of the Soviet Union, the country's dissolution in 1991. He served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 and additionally as head of state beginning in 1988, as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1988 to 1989, Chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 1989 to 1990 and the president of the Soviet Union from 1990 to 1991. Ideologically, Gorbachev initially adhered to Marxism–Leninism but moved towards social democracy by the early 1990s. Gorbachev was born in Privolnoye, Stavropol Krai, Privolnoye, North Caucasus Krai, to a poor peasant family of Russian and Ukrainian heritage. Growing up under the rule of Joseph Stalin, in his youth he operated combine harvesters on a Collective farming, collective farm before joining the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Declaration Of State Sovereignty Of Ukraine
The Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine (, ) was adopted on July 16, 1990, by the recently elected parliament of Ukrainian SSR by a vote of 355 for and four against. The document decreed that Ukrainian SSR laws took precedence over the laws of the USSR, and declared that the Ukrainian SSR would maintain its own army and its own national bank with the power to introduce its own currency. The declaration also proclaimed that the republic has intent to become "a permanently neutral state that does not participate in military blocs," and that it would not accept, nor produce, nor procure nuclear weapons. Shortly before Ukraine had done it other Soviet republics had also proclaimed their sovereignty; these being Moldavia, Russia and Uzbekistan. The Declaration established the principles of Self-Determination of the Ukrainian Nation, Rule of the People, State Power, Citizenship of the Ukrainian SSR, Territorial Supremacy, Economic Independence, Environmental Safety, Cultural ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent (politician)
An independent politician or non-affiliated politician is a politician not affiliated with any political party or bureaucratic association. There are numerous reasons why someone may stand for office as an independent. Some politicians have political views that do not align with the platforms of any political party and therefore they choose not to affiliate with them. Some independent politicians may be associated with a party, perhaps as former members of it or else have views that align with it, but choose not to stand in its name, or are unable to do so because the party in question has selected another candidate. Others may belong to or support a political party at the national level but believe they should not formally represent it (and thus be subject to its policies) at another level. In some cases, a politician may be a member of an unregistered party and therefore officially recognised as an independent. Officeholders may become independents after losing or repudiating a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secretariat Of The CPSU Central Committee
The Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was responsible for managing and directing the day-to-day operations of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, while the Politburo was charged with the policy-making aspects of the party. The Secretariat was a component agency of the party's Central Committee. Overview The members of the Secretariat were elected by the Communist Party's Central Committee, although in all but the first years of its existence the elections were a formality since decisions were made by the senior leadership before the voting. The General Secretary of the CPSU, who was also a Politburo member, was the leader of the Secretariat and of the Party. Dual membership in the Secretariat and the Politburo was in practice reserved for two or three very senior members of the Soviet leadership, and in the post-Stalin era (after March 1953) was a stepping-stone to ultimate power. The last five Soviet leaders (Nikita Khr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow
Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents within the city limits, over 19.1 million residents in the urban area, and over 21.5 million residents in Moscow metropolitan area, its metropolitan area. The city covers an area of , while the urban area covers , and the metropolitan area covers over . Moscow is among the world's List of largest cities, largest cities, being the List of European cities by population within city limits, most populous city entirely in Europe, the largest List of urban areas in Europe, urban and List of metropolitan areas in Europe, metropolitan area in Europe, and the largest city by land area on the European continent. First documented in 1147, Moscow became the capital of the Grand Principality of Moscow, which led the unification of the Russian lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukrainian Republican Party
The Ukrainian Republican Party () is a political party in Ukraine. Created on 5 November 1990, Database DATA by the of UkrSSR. it was the first formal political party besides the to be officially registered, though it had been founded in April 1990 on the basis of the Ukrainian Helsinki Union. In April 2002 the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Party Of Ukraine
The Democratic Party of Ukraine (; ''Demokratychna Partiya Ukrayiny'') is a political party in Ukraine registered in 1991. Until 2006 it had a parliamentary representation, but after associating itself with the People's Democratic Party, the Democratic Party disappeared from political arena. The party did not participate in either the 2012 nor the 2014 parliamentary elections. History The party's roots can be found in People's Movement of Ukraine (Rukh), the Ukrainian national democratic movement, and 1960s dissident movement (''shistdesyatnyky''). While the party's inaugaral congress would only be held on 16 December 1990, the party's draft manifesto was first published in the newspaper ''Literaturna Ukraïna'' on 31 May 1990, and its creation announced by party leaders in Terebovlia on 22 September 1990. They included figures such as Ivan Drach, Dmytro Pavlychko, Volodymyr Yavorivsky, and Vitalii Donchyk. The party's draft manifesto, based on Yuriy Badzyo's 1989 progra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Party Of Democratic Revival Of Ukraine
Party of Democratic Revival of Ukraine (PDVU; ) was a political party in 1990-96 that was created as an offshoot of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. In 1996 along with number of other parties, it merged into the People's Democratic Party. Formation With the beginning of perestroika (movement for transformation) in the USSR and process of glasnost (transparency), democratization of society, discontent was created in the ranks of the Communist Party as an opposition to its conservative party's top. That wing of the Communist Party was the basis of "the Communist Party Democratic Platform" (Demplatform). Eventually it turned out that all the hopes of improving the situation in the Communist Party were useless, therefore most of the Demplatform in the Communist Party of Ukraine decided to create its party that would be "not a communist and not anti-communist". Twenty-seven members of the Supreme Council of Ukraine signed a joint declaration of secession from CPSU, and part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ihor Yukhnovskyi
Ihor Rafailovych Yukhnovskyi (; also Yukhnovsky; 1 September 1925 – 26 March 2024) was a Ukrainian physicist and politician, and a member of the Presidium of Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Hero of Ukraine. Life before politics Yukhnovskyi was born on 1 September 1925, in Kniahynyne village, Dubno powiat, Wołyń Voivodeship (Poland). In 1944–1945 he participated in World War II on the side of Red Army. In 1951 he became the head of Theoretical Physics Department at Lviv University. In 1969 Yukhnovskyi, at that time Doctor of Physics and Mathematics led the newly organized Department of Statistical Theory of Condensed Matter. In 1980 the department was reorganized into the Lviv division of statistical physics for the Institute for Theoretical Physics, and then in 1990 into the Institute of Condensed Matter Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Political life On 30 March 1990, Yukhnovskyi was elected with 59.07% votes (out of 6 candidates) as a member of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Party Of Greens Of Ukraine
The Party of Greens of Ukraine (, PZU) is a Ukrainian green political party founded in 1990 by Yuriy Shcherbak and registered in May 1991. The party is a successor of the Green World Association (founded December 1987) and under that name participated in the Ukrainian parliamentary elections of 1990 as part of the Democratic Bloc. Serhy Yekelchyk ''Ukraine: Birth of a Modern Nation'', Oxford University Press (2007), , page 187 The Green World Association quickly transformed itself into the Party of Greens of Ukraine. After being electorally successful in the late 20th century, the party became nationally electorally marginal but representatives of the party are present in regional and local governing bodies.Official party site Overview The party's main priorities are the alteration of anti-ecological attitudes in the ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukrainian Helsinki Group
The Ukrainian Helsinki Group () was founded on November 9, 1976, as the Ukrainian Public Group to Promote the Implementation of the Helsinki Accords on Human Rights () to monitor human rights in Ukraine. The group was active until 1981 when all members were jailed. The group's goal was to monitor the Soviet Government's compliance with the Helsinki Accords, which ensure human rights. The members of the group based the group's legal viability on the provision in the Helsinki Final Act, Principle VII, which established the rights of individuals to know and act upon their rights and duties. Details Since 1977, the Ukrainian Helsinki Group foreign affiliate began its activities with the participation of Petro Hryhorenko, Nadiya Svitlychna, Leonid Plyushch. Later, Nina Strokata Karavanska and Nadiya Svitlichna began to host the human rights themed radio programs on Svoboda radio. From the very early days, the group endured the repressions of Soviet authorities. In February 1977 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
