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1990 Malaysian General Election
General elections were held in Malaysia on 20 and 21 October 1990. Voting took place in all 180 parliamentary constituencies of Malaysia, each electing one Member of Parliament to the Dewan Rakyat, the dominant house of Parliament. State elections also took place in 351 state constituencies in 11 (out of 13, except Sabah and Sarawak) states of Malaysia on the same day. The result was a victory for the Barisan Nasional (BN) at the federal level and state except state of Kelantan with opposition alliance Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah (APU) winning all 39 state assembly seats with 24 seats going to PAS and 15 for Semangat 46. Background The elections marked the first after United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) party split and the subsequent constitutional crisis in 1988. The reconstituted UMNO Baru (New UMNO), led by incumbent Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, and the newly formed Semangat 46 (S46), led by Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah, contested for the first time in the elections. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dewan Rakyat
The Dewan Rakyat (; Jawi script, Jawi: ), is the lower house of the Bicameralism, bicameral Parliament of Malaysia, Parliament which is the federal legislature of Malaysia. The chamber and its powers are established by Article 44 of the Constitution of Malaysia. The Dewan Rakyat sits in the Malaysian Houses of Parliament, Houses of Parliament in Kuala Lumpur, along with the Dewan Negara, the upper house. The Dewan Rakyat is a directly Election, elected body consisting of 222 members known as Member of parliament, Members of Parliament (MPs). Members are elected by first-past-the-post voting with one member from each List of Malaysian electoral districts, federal constituency. Members hold their seats until the Dissolution of parliament, Dewan Rakyat is dissolved, the term of which is Constitutionalism, constitutionally limited to five years after an Elections in Malaysia, election. The number of seats each States and federal territories of Malaysia, state or territory is entitled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kelantan State Legislative Assembly
The Kelantan State Legislative Assembly () is the unicameral State legislative assemblies of Malaysia, state legislature of the States and federal territories of Malaysia, Malaysian state of Kelantan. It consists of 45 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart. The State Legislative Assembly convenes at the Kota Darul Naim in the state capital, Kota Bharu. Out of the 45 seats, 42 are held by the Perikatan Nasional (PN) ruling coalition after the 2023 Kelantan state election, 2023 state election. Within the coalition, the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) holds 37 seats while the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU) holds 5 seats. The PN coalition commands a two-thirds supermajority in the assembly. Meanwhile, Barisan Nasional (BN) - United Malays National Organization (UMNO) holds 2 seats and Pakatan Harapan (PH) - National Trust Party (Malaysia), National Trust Party (AMANAH) holds 1 seat. Cur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malaysian Chinese Association
The Malaysian Chinese Association (Abbreviation, abbrev: MCA; Malay language, Malay: ''Persatuan Cina Malaysia''), formerly known as the Malayan Chinese Association, is an ethnic List of political parties in Malaysia, political party in Malaysia that seeks to represent the Malaysian Chinese ethnicity; it was one of the three original major component parties of the coalition party in Malaysia called the Alliance Party (Malaysia), Alliance Party, which later became a broader coalition called Barisan Nasional in Malay, or National Front in English. Along with the largest and third largest component party in BN, i.e. United Malays National Organisation and Malaysian Indian Congress, MCA has a significant influence over the political arena in Malaysia since its independence. Through its holding of companies such as Huaren Holdings, MCA controls The Star (Malaysia), ''The Star'', which is Malaysia's best-selling English newspaper. The party was once the largest party representing the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic
Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world's Major religious groups, second-largest religious population after Christians. Muslims believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a Fitra, primordial faith that was revealed many times through earlier Prophets and messengers in Islam, prophets and messengers, including Adam in Islam, Adam, Noah in Islam, Noah, Abraham in Islam, Abraham, Moses in Islam, Moses, and Jesus in Islam, Jesus. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of God in Islam, God and the unaltered, final revelation. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous Islamic holy books, revelations, such as the Torah in Islam, Tawrat (the Torah), the Zabur (Psalms), and the Gospel in Islam, Injil (Gospel). They believe that Muhammad in Islam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gagasan Rakyat
The Gagasan Rakyat (GR or ''People's Might'') was an opposition Malaysian political coalition. The now defunct political coalition was founded by Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah's formation of Parti Melayu Semangat 46 (S46 or Semangat 46) after leaving United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) that was declared illegal. The coalition consisted Semangat 46, Democratic Action Party (DAP), United Sabah Party (PBS), Malaysian People's Party (PRM), Indian Progressive Front (IPF) and Malaysian Solidarity Party (MSP) as the coalition components. It were also joined by three other component members from its allied opposition Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah (APU) coalition also led by Razaleigh consisting of himself Razaleigh's Spirit of 46 Malay Party (S46), Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front (BERJASA), Muslim People's Party of Malaysia (HAMIM) and Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress (KIMMA). On 25 January 1995, DAP withdrew from the coalition while retaining its rela ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parti Bersatu Sabah
The United Sabah Party or formerly known as United Sabah Movement (; abbrev: PBS) is a political party of Sabah. PBS had been recognized by the people of Sabah as ''historical local party'' since 1985. The PBS was founded by Joseph Pairin Kitingan in 1985 and it is Sabah's oldest local party. PBS is also the one of eight major component parties that formed the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS), a ''Sabah-based official political coalition'' since 2022. Since 2022, the PBS acts as an allied partner, providing confidence and supply to the ruling federal Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition as part of GRS. PBS is a major component of the Sabah-based Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) state governing alliance since 2022. History PBS was registered as a political party on 5 March 1985. Its founding President is Joseph Pairin Kitingan who had broken away from the ruling Parti Bersatu Rakyat Jelata Sabah (BERJAYA) because of his differences with the Chief Minister of Sabah and party president, Harris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Action Party (Malaysia)
The Democratic Action Party (DAP; ) is a social democratic and secular political party in Malaysia, sitting on the centre-left of the political spectrum. As one of four component parties of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition, it formed the federal government after defeating Barisan Nasional (BN) in the 2018 Malaysian general election, ending the party's 53 year-long stay in the opposition. However, before the coalition finished its first term, defections from partnering parties caused it to lose power after 22 months, culminating in the 2020 Malaysian political crisis. At the 2022 Malaysian general election, the PH coalition which the DAP was part of was returned to power again, albeit without a majority, leading it to form a unity government with political rivals. It is one of the four component parties of the Pakatan Harapan ruling coalition in Malaysia. The DAP was founded in 1965 by Malaya–based members of the Singaporean People's Action Party (PAP), Chen Man Hin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah
The Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah (APU or ''Muslims Unity Movement'') was an informal Malaysian political coalition. The now defunct political coalition was formed by Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah's formation of Parti Melayu Semangat 46 (S46 or Semangat 46) after leaving United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) that was declared illegal. jointly with Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front (BERJASA), Muslim People's Party of Malaysia (HAMIM) and Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress (KIMMA) before 9th Malaysian General Election in 1990. KIMMA left the coalition before the 10th Malaysian General Election. APU along with the Gagasan Rakyat opposition coalitions led by Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah after failures in the 1990 and 1995 1995 was designated as: * United Nations Year for Tolerance * World Year of Peoples' Commemoration of the Victims of the Second World War This was the first year that the Internet was entirely privatized, with the United States govern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parti Hizbul Muslimin Malaysia
The Muslim People's Party of Malaysia (, Jawi: ڤرتي حزب المسلمين مليسيا; often known by its acronym: HAMIM) was a political party in Malaysia. HAMIM was founded in 1983 by Asri Muda, the former President of the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) (1969-1982) and former Menteri Besar of Kelantan (1964-1973). Following the failure of PAS to win back the Kelantan state government in the 1982 general election, Asri faced the challenge to his PAS presidency by the cleric faction of the party, leading to his expulsion in 1982. Asri Muda had earlier declined from joining the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) or Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front (BERJASA), to set up HAMIM as a new splinter party alternative to PAS while joining the ruling coalition Barisan Nasional (BN) after its foundation in 1983. In the 1986 general election, HAMIM as part of BN coalition had contested 2 parliamentary seats and 4 state seats which HAMIM had won 1 parliamentary ( Bachok) an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barisan Jemaah Islamiah Se-Malaysia
BERJASA is a political party in Malaysia. The party is part of a Malay-Islam based coalition named "Gerakan Tanah Air" . History The party was founded in 1977 by then Chief Minister of Kelantan, Mohamed Nasir, as a splinter of the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) against the backdrop of the 1977 Kelantan Emergency, in which he played a major role. The party received the support of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), the leading party in the then-ruling Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition. The split proved to be severely detrimental to PAS in a state election called months ahead of the 1978 Malaysian general election; among the 36 seats in the state's legislative assembly, UMNO won 23, BERJASA won 11, while PAS won only two. BERJASA subsequently joined BN, but support for BERJASA quickly dissolved and it only won four seats in the Kelantan state assembly in the Malaysian general election, 1982, 1982 general election. The same year, Syed Hussein Alatas, who was the former pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Two-party System
A two-party system is a political party system in which two major political parties consistently dominate the political landscape. At any point in time, one of the two parties typically holds a majority in the legislature and is usually referred to as the ''majority'' or ''governing party'' while the other is the ''minority'' or ''opposition party.'' Around the world, the term is used to refer to one of two kinds of party systems. Both result from Duverger's law, which demonstrates that "winner-take-all" or "first-past-the-post" elections produce two dominant parties over time.Regis PublishingThe US System: Winner Takes All Accessed August 12, 2013, "...Winner-take-all rules trigger a cycle that leads to and strengthens a system of few (two in the US) political parties..." The first type of ''two-party system'' is an arrangement in which all (or nearly all) elected officials belong to one of two major parties. In such systems, minor or third parties rarely win any seats i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dominant-party System
A dominant-party system, or one-party dominant system, is a political occurrence in which a single political party continuously dominates election results over running opposition groups or parties. Any ruling party staying in power for more than one consecutive term may be considered a ''dominant party'' (also referred to as a ''predominant'' or ''hegemonic'' party). Some dominant parties were called the ''natural governing party'', given their length of time in power. ''Dominant'' parties, and their domination of a state, develop out of one-sided electoral and party constellations within a multi-party system (particularly under presidential systems of governance), and as such differ from states under a one-party system, ''one''-party system, which are intricately organized around a specific party. Sometimes the term "''de facto'' one-party state" is used to describe dominant-party systems which, unlike a one-party system, allows (at least nominally) democratic multiparty electi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
