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1988 Canadian Federal Election
The 1988 Canadian federal election was held on November 21, 1988, to elect members to the House of Commons of Canada of the 34th Canadian Parliament, 34th Parliament of Canada following the dissolution of the House on October 1. It was an election largely fought on a single issue, the Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement (CUSFTA); the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada, Progressive Conservative Party campaigned in favour of it, whereas the Liberal Party of Canada, Liberal Party and the New Democratic Party (NDP) campaigned against it. The incumbent Progressive Conservative Party of Canada, Progressive Conservative Party, led by Brian Mulroney, was reelected with a second majority government, although based on less than half the votes cast. Mulroney was the party's first leader since John A. Macdonald to win a second consecutive majority government. Additionally, this election was the last election in which the Progressive Conservatives would poll over 40 percent of th ...
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Elections Canada
Elections Canada () is the non-partisan agency responsible for administering elections in Canada, Canadian federal elections and Referendums in Canada, referendums. History Elections Canada is an agency of the Parliament of Canada, and reports directly to Parliament rather than to the Government of Canada. The agency was created under the government of Jean Chretien by the Canada Elections Act on 31 May 2000. Responsibilities Elections Canada is responsible for: * Making sure that all voters have access to the electoral system * Informing citizens about the electoral system * Maintaining the National Register of Electors and International Register of Electors * Enforcing electoral legislation * Training election officers * Producing maps of electoral districts * Registering political parties, electoral district associations, and third parties that engage in election advertising * Administering the allowances paid to registered political parties * Monitoring election spending by ...
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Canada
Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, second-largest country by total area, with the List of countries by length of coastline, world's longest coastline. Its Canada–United States border, border with the United States is the world's longest international land border. The country is characterized by a wide range of both Temperature in Canada, meteorologic and Geography of Canada, geological regions. With Population of Canada, a population of over 41million people, it has widely varying population densities, with the majority residing in List of the largest population centres in Canada, urban areas and large areas of the country being sparsely populated. Canada's capital is Ottawa and List of census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada, ...
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1984 Canadian Federal Election
The 1984 Canadian federal election was held on September 4, 1984, to elect members to the House of Commons of Canada, House of Commons of the 33rd Canadian Parliament, 33rd Parliament of Canada, following the dissolution of the House on July 9. The Progressive Conservative Party of Canada, Progressive Conservative Party, led by Brian Mulroney, won a landslide victory, defeating the incumbent governing Liberal Party of Canada, Liberal Party led by Prime Minister of Canada, Prime Minister John Turner. The Progressive Conservatives won 211 seats, the most seats in the House in Canadian political history, and regained power for the first time since 1979 Canadian federal election, 1979. This was the first election since 1958 Canadian federal election, 1958 in which the Progressive Conservatives won a majority government, and is also the only time since 1958 that Canada's governing party received an actual majority of votes cast. Mulroney's victory came as a result of his building of ...
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Conservative Party Of Canada
The Conservative Party of Canada (CPC; , ), sometimes referred to as the Tories, is a Government of Canada, federal List of political parties in Canada, political party in Canada. It was formed in 2003 by the merger of the two main Right-wing politics, right-leaning parties, the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada, Progressive Conservative Party (PC Party) and the Canadian Alliance, the latter being the successor of the Western Canada, Western Canadian–based Reform Party of Canada, Reform Party. The party sits at the Centre-right politics, centre-right to the Right-wing politics, right of the Politics of Canada, Canadian political spectrum, with their federal rival, the Centrism, centre to Centre-left politics, centre-left Liberal Party of Canada, positioned to their left-wing politics, left. The Conservatives are defined as a "big tent" party, practicing "brokerage politics" and welcoming a broad variety of members, including "Red Tory, Red Tories" and "Blue Tory, Blue ...
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2025 Canadian Federal Election
The 2025 Canadian federal election was held on April 28, 2025, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada, House of Commons to the 45th Canadian Parliament. Governor General Mary Simon issued the writs of election on March 23, 2025, after Prime Minister Mark Carney advised her to Dissolution of Parliament in Canada, dissolve Parliament. This was the first election to use a new 2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, 343-seat electoral map based on the 2021 Canadian census, 2021 census. Key issues of the election campaign included the cost of living, housing, crime, and Tariffs in the second Trump administration, tariffs and American expansionism under Donald Trump, threats of annexation from Donald Trump, the president of the United States. The Liberal Party of Canada, Liberal Party won and continued as a minority government, marking the fourth consecutive Liberal government and third consecutive Liberal minority government; it also marked the first time they won ...
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Unionist Party (Canada)
The Unionist Party was a centre to centre-right political party in Canada, composed primarily of former members of the Conservative party with some individual Liberal members of Parliament. It was formed in 1917 by MPs who supported the " Union government" formed by Sir Robert Borden during the First World War, who formed the government through the final years of the war, and was a proponent of conscription. It was opposed by the remaining Liberal MPs, who sat as the official opposition. The Unionist Party continued to exist until 1922, at which time the Conservative elements re-formed the Conservative party. Formation In May 1917, Conservative Prime Minister Borden proposed the formation of a national unity government or coalition government to Liberal leader Sir Wilfrid Laurier in order to enact conscription and to govern for the remainder of the war. Laurier rejected this proposal because of the opposition of his Quebec MPs and fears that Quebec nationalist leader Henr ...
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1917 Canadian Federal Election
The 1917 Canadian federal election (sometimes referred to as the khaki election) was held on December 17, 1917, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 13th Parliament of Canada. Described by historian Michael Bliss as the "most bitter election in Canadian history", it was fought mainly over the issue of conscription (see Conscription Crisis of 1917). The election resulted in Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden's Unionist government elected with a strong majority and the largest percentage of the popular vote for any party in Canadian history. The previous election of 1911 was won by Borden's Conservatives. Normally, there is a constitutional requirement that Parliament last no longer than five years, which would have resulted in an election in 1916. However, citing the wartime emergency, the Parliament of Canada approved a one-year extension, which was implemented by the British Parliament. The Borden government hoped that the delay would allow the form ...
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Robert Borden
Sir Robert Laird Borden (June 26, 1854 – June 10, 1937) was a Canadian lawyer and Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942), Conservative politician who served as the eighth prime minister of Canada from 1911 to 1920. He is best known for his leadership of Canada during World War I. Borden was born in Grand-Pré, Nova Scotia. He worked as a schoolteacher for a period and then served his articles of clerkship at a Halifax, Nova Scotia, Halifax law firm. He was called to the bar in 1878 and soon became one of Nova Scotia's most prominent barristers. Borden was elected to the House of Commons of Canada, House of Commons in the 1896 Canadian federal election, 1896 federal election, representing the Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942), Conservative Party. He replaced Charles Tupper as party leader in 1901, but was defeated in two federal elections by Liberal Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier in 1904 Canadian federal election, 1904 and 1908 Canadian federal election, 190 ...
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Conservative Party Of Canada (1867–1942)
The Conservative Party of Canada () was a major federal political party in Canada that existed under that name from 1867 before being renamed the Progressive Conservative Party in 1942. The party adhered to traditionalist conservatism and its main policies included strengthening relations with Great Britain, nationalizing industries, and promoting high tariffs. The party was founded in the aftermath of Canadian Confederation and was known as the " Liberal-Conservative Party" until it dropped "Liberal" from its name in 1873. Primarily under the leadership of John A. Macdonald, the Conservatives governed Canada from 1867 to 1873 and from 1878 to 1896. During these two periods of governance, the party strengthened ties with Great Britain, oversaw the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway, significantly expanded Canada's territorial boundaries, and introduced the National Policy of high tariffs to protect domestic industries. During its third period of governance fro ...
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John A
Sir John Alexander Macdonald (10 or 11January 18156June 1891) was the first prime minister of Canada, serving from 1867 to 1873 and from 1878 until his death in 1891. He was the Fathers of Confederation, dominant figure of Canadian Confederation, and had a political career that spanned almost half a century. Macdonald was born in Scotland; when he was a boy his family immigrated to Kingston, Ontario, Kingston in the Province of Upper Canada (today in eastern Ontario). As a lawyer, he was involved in several high-profile cases and quickly became prominent in Kingston, which elected him in 1844 to the legislature of the Province of Canada. By 1857, he had become List of Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada, premier under the colony's unstable political system. In 1864, when no party proved capable of governing for long, he agreed to a proposal from his political rival, George Brown (Canadian politician), George Brown, that the parties unite in a Great Coalition to seek fede ...
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New Democratic Party
The New Democratic Party (NDP; , ) is a federal political party in Canada. Widely described as social democratic,The party is widely described as social democratic: * * * * * * * * * * * * * The Editors of ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' (April 28, 2025)."New Democratic Party" ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Retrieved April 28, 2025 the party sits at the centre-left to left-wing of the Canadian political spectrum, generally to the left of the Liberal Party. The party was founded in 1961 by the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation and the Canadian Labour Congress. As of 2025, it is the fourth-largest party in the House of Commons, with seven seats. The federal and provincial (or territorial) level NDPs are more integrated than other political parties in Canada, and have shared membership. The NDP has never won the largest share of seats at the federal level and thus has never formed government. From 2011 to 2015, it formed the Official Opposition; apart from this, it ...
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Liberal Party Of Canada
The Liberal Party of Canada (LPC; , ) is a federal political party in Canada. The party espouses the principles of liberalism,McCall, Christina; Stephen Clarkson"Liberal Party". ''The Canadian Encyclopedia''. and generally sits at the Centrism, centre to Centre-left politics, centre-left of the Politics of Canada, Canadian political spectrum, with their main rival, the Conservative Party of Canada, Conservative Party, positioned to their Right-wing politics, right and the New Democratic Party positioned to their Left-wing politics, left. The party is described as "big tent",PDF copy
at UBC Press.
practising "brokerage politics", attracting support from a broad spectrum of voters. The Liberal Party is the longest-serving and oldest active federal political party in the country, and has dominated th ...
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