1975 La Tondeña Distillery Strike
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1975 La Tondeña Distillery Strike
The La Tondeña strike was a protest action that happened in October 1975, notable for being the first major strike to be held after Ferdinand Marcos' 1972 declaration of martial law in the Philippines. It is also considered as one of the first major open acts of resistance against the Marcos dictatorship and an important turning point for the period. Strike The strike began on October 24 when 500 workers, organizing themselves as the Kaisahan ng Malayang Manggagawa ng La Tondeña Inc. (Union of Free Workers of La Tondeña), Hess, Steve (Mar 2, 2013) Authoritarian Landscapes: Popular Mobilization and the Institutional Sources of Resilience in Nondemocracies. Springer Science & Business Media. stopped work and barricaded themselves in the facilities of La Tondeña, then the largest distillery in Asia. Their demands included the elevation of casual workers to permanent status, maternity leave for female workers, and an end to illegal firings. The strike was originally poss ...
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Strike Action
Strike action, also called labor strike, labour strike in British English, or simply strike, is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to Working class, work. A strike usually takes place in response to employee grievances. Strikes became common during the Industrial Revolution, when Labour economics, mass labor became important in factories and mines. As striking became a more common practice, governments were often pushed to act (either by private business or by union workers). When government intervention occurred, it was rarely neutral or amicable. Early strikes were often deemed unlawful conspiracies or anti-competitive cartel action and many were subject to massive legal repression by state police, federal military power, and federal courts. Many Western nations legalized striking under certain conditions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Strikes are sometimes used to pressure governments to change policies. Occasionally, strikes destabilize the r ...
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Joe Dizon
Jose "Joe" Pacturayan Dizon (September 29, 1948 – November 4, 2013) was a Filipino priest and activist who fought against the dictatorship of then President Ferdinand Marcos. Dizon led protest actions against government corruption and human rights abuses during martial law in the Philippines, political dynasties, and the pork barrel system. At protest rallies against the Marcos dictatorship, he would say mass to prevent violent dispersal by the government and to boost the morale of demonstrators. He actively campaigned for honest elections and helped form people's organizations in rural areas to support those dealing with land grabbing, military abuses, and hamletting. He was spokesperson for the Estrada Resign Movement and Plunder Watch, which were instrumental in the EDSA 2 people's uprising that deposed then President Joseph Estrada. He also headed a movement to oust Estrada's successor, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo on allegations of corruption, electoral fraud, and human righ ...
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Presidency Of Ferdinand Marcos
A presidency is an administration or the executive, the collective administrative and governmental entity that exists around an office of president of a state or nation. Although often the executive branch of government, and often personified by a single elected person who holds the office of "president", in practice, the presidency includes a much larger collective of people, such as chiefs of staff, advisers and other bureaucrats. Although often led by a single person, presidencies can also be of a collective nature, such as the presidency of the European Union is held on a rotating basis by the various national governments of the member states. Alternatively, the term presidency can also be applied to the governing authority of some churches, and may even refer to the holder of a non-governmental office of president in a corporation, business, charity, university, etc. or the institutional arrangement around them. For example, "the presidency of the Red Cross refused to support ...
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Manila During The Marcos Dictatorship
Manila, officially the City of Manila, is the capital and second-most populous city of the Philippines after Quezon City, with a population of 1,846,513 people in 2020. Located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay on the island of Luzon, it is classified as a highly urbanized city. With , Manila is one of the world's most densely populated cities proper. Manila was the first chartered city in the country, designated bPhilippine Commission Act No. 183on July 31, 1901. It became autonomous with the passage of Republic Act No. 409, "The Revised Charter of the City of Manila", on June 18, 1949. Manila is considered to be part of the world's original set of global cities because its commercial networks were the first to extend across the Pacific Ocean and connect Asia with the Spanish Americas through the galleon trade. This marked the first time an uninterrupted chain of trade routes circling the planet had been established. By 1258, a Tagalog-fortified polity called Maynila exis ...
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1975 In The Philippines
1975 in the Philippines details events of note that happened in the Philippines in the year 1975. Incumbents * President: Ferdinand Marcos (Independent) * Chief Justice: Roberto Concepcion Events January * January 22 – In the country's worst fire on record by then, 51 persons are either burned, suffocated, or leaped to their death when a fire sweeps through a factory in a commercial building in Marikina, Rizal. At least 79 others are seriously injured. * January 25- 26 – At least 30 persons were killed during a tropical storm, including 11 who were buried by a landslide and 7 fishermen who died at sea. February * February 1 – The Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation is launched. * February 3 – Thirty-one persons were killed when fire in an airliner engine forced the pilot to crash-land in Manila. * February 27– 28 – A national referendum was called where the majority of the barangays voted approved the following: a) The use by the President of his power to ...
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Religious Sector Resistance Against The Marcos Dictatorship
Religious sector opposition against the dictatorship of President Ferdinand Marcos included leaders and workers belonging to different beliefs and denominations. Christian Many of these leaders and workers belonged to the Catholic Church in the Philippines, to which belonged the majority of the Philippine population at the time. But various forms of opposition were also notable in other Christian denominations including the Philippine Independent Church, the United Church of Christ in the Philippines, the United Methodist Church in the Philippines, and individual Filipino Evangelical churches such as the Diliman Bible Church. In the Catholic Church In the early years of the Marcos administration before the declaration of Martial Law, the poverty and inequality in Philippine society had already begun sparking debates among Catholic theologians about how the church ought to respond. The Second Vatican Council had just concluded in December 1965 and Liberation theology was b ...
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Timeline Of The Marcos Dictatorship
This timeline of the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos in the Philippines covers three periods of Philippine history in which Marcos wielded political control. First, it covers the period of Marcos' first two terms—1965 to 1969 and 1969 to 1972—under the 1935 Constitution, as well as the antecedent events which brought Marcos to political power. Second, it covers the period in which Proclamation 1081, which put the entirety of the Philippines under Martial Law, was in force—from September 1972 to January 1981. Lastly, it covers the entirety of the period described as the "Fourth Republic," where the Philippines was governed by the 1973 Marcos Constitution after the formal lifting of Proclamation No. 1081. The timeline covers many of the events highlighted in narrations of Philippine history since history-writing often has a slant towards political events. However, numerous historical events—especially typhoons and earthquakes—that took place in the Philippines during the Mar ...
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Rural Missionaries Of The Philippines
The Rural Missionaries of the Philippines is a national organization in the Philippines composed of female and male religious clergy and laypeople. The organization engages in missionary and advocacy work among rural communities of farmers, fisherfolk, and indigenous people on the improvement of their lives and on their human rights. The group has faced continuous opposition from the Philippine government because of its missionary work. History The organization was formed on August 15, 1969, as one of the many mission partners of the Association of Major Religious Superiors in the Philippines. During the Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos, martial law era under then-dictator Ferdinand Marcos, Ferdinand Marcos, Sr., its members were active in the Religious sector resistance against the Marcos dictatorship, resistance movement. Boy Ipong, Inocencio T. Ipong, a Roman Catholic lay worker of the RMP was abducted, illegally detained, and tortured in Camp Catitipan, Davao City in 1982. ...
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Luis Jalandoni
Luis Gamboa Jalandoni (February 26, 1935 – June 7, 2025) was a Filipino and Dutch political activist. He was the chairman of the National Democratic Front of the Philippines (NDFP). Previously a Catholic priest, he established the Christians for National Liberation in the 1970s. Career Jalandoni hailed from a wealthy family in Silay, Negros Occidental. He was ordained a Roman Catholic priest in Negros. He donated farmlands he inherited from his family in the 1960s to landless workers. In 1972, Jalandoni was involved in the establishment of Christians for National Liberation. The NDFP credits Jalandoni with his role of involving Catholic and Protestant followers in the Communist movement. He was arrested by the authorities in the following year with nun Coni Ledesma. They were released in mid-1974. In 1975, Jalandoni and Edgar Jopson were among those who coordinated with workers who were preparing to hold the La Tondeña workers' strike to demand the regularization of 600 co ...
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Mary John Mananzan
Mary John Mananzan (born November 6, 1937, in Dagupan, Pangasinan) is a Missionary Benedictine nun, activist, educator, theologian, and author. She helped develop an Asian feminist theology of liberation. She ministered as superior of the Manila community and member of the Priory Council. She is currently Superior and Directress of St. Scholastica's Academy in San Fernando, Pampanga. On March 8, 2011, she was cited as one of the 100 Most Inspiring Persons in the World, at the centennial of International Women's Day. Background She is co-convenor of the Movement Against Tyranny. She has served as president of Saint Scholastica's College for six years and dean for 18 years, prioress of the Missionary Benedictine Sisters in the Manila Priory, and national chairperson of the Association of Major Religious Superiors of the Philippines. She also co-founded GABRIELA, federation of women's organizations and served as its national chairperson for 18 years. Education Mananzan ...
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Kilusang Mayo Uno
Kilusang Mayo Uno (), also known by its initials KMU is an independent labor center in the Philippines. It promotes "genuine, militant and patriotic trade unionism". The KMU was established on May 1, 1980 to fill a clear need for a workers' organization that would stand for workers' rights and against foreign domination. The KMU is one of the two primary labor centers alongside the Trade Union Congress of the Philippines. It is a social movement union closely linked with the broader national democratic movement in the Philippines. The organization brands its unionism as "genuine, militant, and nationalist." The federation started out with seven founding union federations and 50,000 members. By 1990, the KMU reported having as many as 750,000 members affiliated under its unions. In the 1990s the movement separated into several smaller organizations over ideological, political, and organizational differences. Today, the KMU is organized into eleven national federations and ...
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Barangay Ginebra San Miguel Logo
The barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as ''barrio'', is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines. Named after the precolonial polities of the same name, modern barangays are political subdivisions of cities and municipalities which are analogous to villages, districts, neighborhoods, suburbs, or boroughs. The word ''barangay'' originated from ''balangay'', a type of boat used by a group of Austronesian peoples when they migrated to the Philippines. All municipalities and cities in the Philippines are politically subdivided into barangays, with the exception of the municipalities of Adams in Ilocos Norte and Kalayaan in Palawan, each containing a single barangay. Barangays are sometimes informally subdivided into smaller areas called ''purok'' (), or barangay zones consisting of a cluster of houses for organizational purposes, and ''sitios'', which are territorial enclaves—usually rural—far from the barangay center. , there ar ...
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