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1964 In Aviation
This is a list of aviation-related events from 1964. Events * Chilean President Jorge Alessandri grants the Chilean Navy the authority to operate all types of aircraft without restriction. It is the first time that the navy has administrative control of all naval aircraft since 1930. January * January 4 – Pope Paul VI becomes the first pope to use a commercial airliner for an official visit. He flies from Leonardo da Vinci Rome Fiumicino Airport in Fiumicino, Italy, to Marka International Airport in Amman, Jordan, in a chartered Alitalia Douglas DC-8 marked with the Vatican colors, white and yellow, and the papal coat of arms. * January 13 – A United States Air Force B-52D Stratofortress carrying two Mark 53 nuclear bombs loses its vertical stabilizer in turbulence during a winter storm and crashes on Savage Mountain near Barton, Maryland. Only two of the five crewmen survive. The bombs are recovered two days later. * January 22 – In its first public vio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airways News
''Airways'' is an American monthly magazine printed and also published digitally that focuses on commercial aviation. Based in Dallas, Texas, the publication is owned by Steve Cosgrove, with editorial offices in Britain, the United States and the Netherlands. Established in 1994 by John Wegg and Jon Proctor, ''Airways'' is the oldest continuously published commercial aviation magazine in the United States. The magazine has published more than 320 issues and is distributed through newsstands in North America and 35 nations worldwide, reaching subscribers in more than 60 countries. History The website was formed as an alliance between ''Airways Magazine'' and the former ''Airchive.com''. The rebranded website, launched in September 2014, combines both aviation industry publications' expertise, resources and staffing. ''Airchive.com'' originated in 2003 as a historical photo database before evolving into an aviation news outlet with coverage updated daily. The site's aviation in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rio De Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro, or simply Rio, is the capital of the Rio de Janeiro (state), state of Rio de Janeiro. It is the List of cities in Brazil by population, second-most-populous city in Brazil (after São Paulo) and the Largest cities in the Americas, sixth-most-populous city in the Americas. Founded in 1565 by the Portuguese people, Portuguese, the city was initially the seat of the Captaincy of Rio de Janeiro, a domain of the Portuguese Empire. In 1763, it became the capital of the State of Brazil, a List of states of the Portuguese Empire, state of the Portuguese Empire. In 1808, when the Transfer of the Portuguese Court to Brazil, Portuguese Royal Court moved to Brazil, Rio de Janeiro became the seat of the court of Queen Maria I of Portugal. She subsequently, under the leadership of her son the prince regent John VI of Portugal, raised Brazil to the dignity of a kingdom, within the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves, United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and Algar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guanabara Bay
Guanabara Bay (, , ) is an oceanic bay in Southeast Brazil in the state of Rio de Janeiro (state), Rio de Janeiro. On its western shore lie the cities of Rio de Janeiro (city), Rio de Janeiro and Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias, and on its eastern shore are the cities of Niterói and São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro, São Gonçalo. Four other municipalities surround the bay's shores. Guanabara Bay is the second largest bay in area in Brazil (after the All Saints' Bay), at , with a perimeter of . Guanabara Bay is long and wide at its maximum. Its wide mouth is flanked at the eastern tip by the Pico do Papagaio (Parrot's Peak) and the western tip by Sugarloaf Mountain, Rio de Janeiro, Pão de Açúcar (Sugar Loaf). The name Guanabara comes from the Tupi language, ''goanã-pará'', from ''gwa'' "bay", plus ''nã'' "similar to" and ''ba'ra'' "sea". Other glosses include ''hidden water'', ''lagoon of the sea'', and ''bosom of the sea''. History Guanabara Bay was firs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazilian Navy
The Brazilian Navy () is the navy, naval service branch of the Brazilian Armed Forces, responsible for conducting naval warfare, naval operations. The navy was involved in War of Independence of Brazil#Naval action, Brazil's war of independence from Portugal. Most of Portugal's naval forces and bases in South America were transferred to the newly independent country. The government maintained a sizeable naval force in the initial decades following independence. The navy was later involved in the Cisplatine War, the List of conflicts in South America, River Plate conflicts, the Paraguayan War as well as other sporadic List of conflicts in South America, rebellions that marked Brazilian history. By the 1880s, the Brazilian Imperial Navy was the most powerful in South America. After the Revolta da Armada, 1893–1894 naval rebellion, there was a hiatus in the development of the navy until 1905, when Brazil acquired Minas Geraes-class battleship, two of the most powerful and advanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazilian Air Force
The Brazilian Air Force (, FAB) is the air branch of the Brazilian Armed Forces and one of the three national uniformed services. The FAB was formed when the Brazilian Brazilian Army Aviation (1919–1941), Army and Brazilian Naval Aviation, Navy air branches were merged into a single military force initially called "National Air Forces" in 1941. Both air branches transferred their equipment, installations and personnel to the new force. According to Flight International (Flightglobal.com) and the International Institute for Strategic Studies, the Brazilian Air Force has an active strength of 80,937 military personnel and operates around 578 aircraft. The Brazilian Air Force is the largest air force in the Southern Hemisphere. History Contestado Campaign The Contestado War was the first conflict in which Brazilian military aviation was employed. On September 19, 1914, taking advantage of a special train driving troops, three aircraft were boarded: a Morane-Saulnier biplane, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Vengeance (R71)
HMS ''Vengeance'' (R71) was a light aircraft carrier built for the Royal Navy during World War II. The carrier served in three navies during her career: the Royal Navy, the Royal Australian Navy (as HMAS ''Vengeance'', from 1952 to 1955), and the Brazilian Navy (as NAeL ''Minas Gerais'', from 1956 to 2001). Constructed during World War II, ''Vengeance'' was one of the few ships in her class to be completed before the war's end, but she did not see active service. The ship spent the next few years as an aircraft transport and training carrier before she was sent on an experimental cruise to learn how well ships and personnel could function in extreme Arctic conditions. In late 1952, ''Vengeance'' was loaned to the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) as a replacement for the delayed aircraft carrier . She remained in Australian waters, operating as an aircraft carrier and training ship, for the majority of her three-year loan, and was returned to the Royal Navy (RN) in August 1955. Ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aircraft Carrier
An aircraft carrier is a warship that serves as a seagoing airbase, equipped with a full-length flight deck and hangar facilities for supporting, arming, deploying and recovering carrier-based aircraft, shipborne aircraft. Typically it is the capital ship of a naval fleet, fleet (known as a carrier battle group), as it allows a naval force to power projection, project seaborne naval aviation, air power far from homeland without depending on local airfields for staging area, staging aerial warfare, aircraft operations. Since their inception in the early 20th century, aircraft carriers have evolved from wooden vessels used to deploy individual tethered reconnaissance balloons, to nuclear marine propulsion, nuclear-powered supercarriers that carry dozens of fighter aircraft, fighters, strike aircraft, military helicopters, airborne early warning and control, AEW&Cs and other types of aircraft such as unmanned combat aerial vehicle, UCAVs. While heavier fixed-wing aircraft such as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barton, Maryland
Barton is a town in Allegany County, Maryland, Allegany County, Maryland, United States, located along the Georges Creek Valley. It is part of the Cumberland, MD-WV MSA, Cumberland, MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 457 at the 2010 United States Census, 2010 census. History The Reverend William Shaw (Reverend), William Shaw, a Methodist minister of religion, minister settled on the site of Barton in 1794. His son, William Shaw Jr. laid out the town in 1853, naming it for his father's hometown, Barton-upon-Humber, England. The discovery of coal in the area attracted more settlers. They came from Scotland, Ireland and Germany, eager to work in the mines. In 1853, the first shipment of coal was made on the newly built Georges Creek Railroad. Eventually, all the deep coal mining, coal mines had been abandoned and replaced by surface mining, strip mines, several of which are still in operation and can be seen from the town. Today, most families in Barton are sup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1964 Savage Mountain B-52 Crash
The 1964 Savage Mountain B-52 crash was a U.S. military nuclear accident in which a Cold War bomber's vertical stabilizer broke off in winter storm turbulence. The two nuclear bombs being ferried were found "relatively intact in the middle of the wreckage", according to a later U.S. Department of Defense summary, and after Fort Meade's 28th Ordnance Detachment secured them, the bombs were removed two days later to the Cumberland Municipal Airport. Accident description The B-52D was returning to Georgia from Massachusetts after an earlier Chrome Dome airborne alert to Europe. It carried two B53-0 Y1 nuclear bombs in ferry configuration, with no electrical connections between the bombs and the aircraft. Near Meyersdale, Pennsylvania, on a path east of Salisbury, Pennsylvania; and after altitude changes to evade severe turbulence; the vertical stabilizer broke off. The aircraft was left uncontrollable as a result; the pilot ordered the crew to bail out, and the aircraft crashed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turbulence
In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is fluid motion characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity. It is in contrast to laminar flow, which occurs when a fluid flows in parallel layers with no disruption between those layers. Turbulence is commonly observed in everyday phenomena such as surf, fast flowing rivers, billowing storm clouds, or smoke from a chimney, and most fluid flows occurring in nature or created in engineering applications are turbulent. Turbulence is caused by excessive kinetic energy in parts of a fluid flow, which overcomes the damping effect of the fluid's viscosity. For this reason, turbulence is commonly realized in low viscosity fluids. In general terms, in turbulent flow, unsteady vortices appear of many sizes which interact with each other, consequently drag due to friction effects increases. The onset of turbulence can be predicted by the dimensionless Reynolds number, the ratio of kinetic energy to viscous damping ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vertical Stabilizer
A vertical stabilizer or tail fin is the static part of the vertical tail of an aircraft. The term is commonly applied to the assembly of both this fixed surface and one or more movable rudders hinged to it. Their role is to provide control, stability and trim in yaw (also known as directional or weathercock stability). It is part of the aircraft empennage, specifically of its Stabilizer (aeronautics), stabilizers. The vertical tail is typically mounted on top of the rear fuselage, with the horizontal stabilizers mounted on the side of the fuselage (a configuration termed "conventional tail"). Other configurations, such as T-tail or twin tail, are sometimes used instead. Vertical stabilizers have occasionally been used in Motorsport, motor sports, with for example in Le Mans Prototype, Le Mans Prototype racing. Function Principle The vertical tail of an aircraft typically consists of a fixed vertical stabilizer or fin on which a movable rudder is mounted. A trim tab may s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
