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1954 New Zealand General Election
The 1954 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament's 31st New Zealand Parliament, 31st term. It saw the governing New Zealand National Party, National Party remain in office, but with a slightly reduced majority. It also saw the debut of the new Social Credit Party (New Zealand), Social Credit Party, which won more than eleven percent of the vote but failed to win a seat. Background The New Zealand National Party, National Party had formed its first administration after the 1949 New Zealand general election, 1949 elections. It had then been re-elected by a large margin amid the industrial disputes of the 1951 New Zealand general election, 1951 election. The Prime Minister of New Zealand, Prime Minister, Sidney Holland, was popular in many sectors of society for his strong line against striking dockworkers and coal mining, coalminers, while Labour's leader, Walter Nash, had been criticised for his failure to take a firm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand House Of Representatives
The House of Representatives () is the Unicameral, sole chamber of the New Zealand Parliament. The House passes Law of New Zealand, laws, provides Ministers in the New Zealand Government, ministers to form the Cabinet of New Zealand, Cabinet, and supervises the work of government. It is also responsible for adopting the state's New Zealand Budget, budgets and approving the state's accounts. The House of Representatives is a Representative democracy, democratic body consisting of representatives known as members of parliament (MPs). There are normally 120 MPs, though there are currently 123 due to an Overhang seat, overhang. Elections in New Zealand, Elections take place usually every three years using a mixed-member proportional representation system, which combines First-past-the-post voting, first-past-the-post elected legislative seat, seats with closed party lists. 72 MPs are elected directly in single-member New Zealand electorates, electoral districts and further seats ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coal Mining
Coal mining is the process of resource extraction, extracting coal from the ground or from a mine. Coal is valued for its Energy value of coal, energy content and since the 1880s has been widely used to Electricity generation, generate electricity. Steel and cement industries use coal as a fuel for extraction of iron from iron ore and for cement production. In the United Kingdom and South Africa, a coal mine and its structures are a colliery, a coal mine is called a "pit", and above-ground mining structures are referred to as a "pit head". In Australia, "colliery" generally refers to an underground coal mine. Coal mining has had many developments in recent years, from the early days of men tunneling, digging, and manually extracting the coal on carts to large Open-pit mining, open-cut and Longwall mining, longwall mines. Mining at this scale requires the use of Dragline excavator, draglines, trucks, conveyors, hydraulic jacks, and shearers. The coal mining industry has a long ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patea (New Zealand Electorate)
Patea is a former New Zealand electorate in south Taranaki. It existed from 1893 to 1963. Population centres In the 1892 electoral redistribution, the population shift to the North Island required the transfer of one seat from the South Island to the north. The resulting ripple effect saw every electorate established in 1890 have its boundaries altered, and eight electorates were established for the first time, including Patea. The electorate was based in the town of Patea, which used to have freezing-works for the preparation of meat for export until 1982. History This rural seat was first established for the 1893 election. George Hutchison was the first elected representative. He resigned in June 1901. Frederick Haselden won the 1 August 1901 by-election, but the seat was declared vacant in the following year. Walter Symes then held the electorate, from 1902 to the dissolution of Parliament in 1908. The 1908 election was won by George Pearce. He held the electorate for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Sheat
William Alfred Sheat (23 May 1899 – 24 May 1982) was a New Zealand Member of Parliament for two Taranaki electorates. Early life Sheat was born at Pihama, Taranaki, in 1899. He was the son of Joseph Sheat and his wife Susannah (). He received his early education at Pihama Primary and Hawera District High School. He attended Victoria University College and graduated B.A. in 1920 and LL.B. in 1923. He married Ella Marjorie Newton, who was also a Victoria University College graduate (M.A. in 1925), on 22 January 1929. The wedding was held at St John's Presbyterian Church in Wellington. They had two sons, including Bill Sheat. Sheat was admitted as a solicitor in 1922. He lectured economics at the Workers' Educational Association from 1923 to 1925. From 1926 to 1928, he taught at Marlborough College. From 1928, he farmed in Pihama. Political activity Early political career Sheat served on the Egmont County Council for twelve years. He was initially a member of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent Politician
An independent politician or non-affiliated politician is a politician not affiliated with any political party or Bureaucracy, bureaucratic association. There are numerous reasons why someone may stand for office as an independent. Some politicians have political views that do not align with the platforms of any political party and therefore they choose not to affiliate with them. Some independent politicians may be associated with a party, perhaps as former members of it or else have views that align with it, but choose not to stand in its name, or are unable to do so because the party in question has selected another candidate. Others may belong to or support a political party at the national level but believe they should not formally represent it (and thus be subject to its policies) at another level. In some cases, a politician may be a member of an unregistered party and therefore officially recognised as an independent. Officeholders may become independents after losing or r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waitemata (New Zealand Electorate)
Waitemata was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate, from 1871 to 1946, and then from 1954 to 1978. It was represented by 18 members of parliament. Population centres The Waitemata electorate was created in the 1870 electoral redistribution based on 1867 New Zealand census data and was used in its initial form for the . It was located north of the various urban Auckland electorates and south of the electorate. The following settlements were included in its initial area: Cornwallis, Huia, Parau, Laingholm, Titirangi, Waiatarua, Oratia, Piha, Henderson Valley, Swanson, Rānui, Waitākere township, Taupaki, Kumeū, Hobsonville, Whenuapai, Takapuna, and Helensville. The First Labour Government was defeated in the and the incoming National Government changed the Electoral Act, with the electoral quota once again based on total population as opposed to qualified electors, and the tolerance was increased to 7.5% of the electoral quota. There was no adjustments in the numbe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waipa (New Zealand Electorate)
Waipa is a former parliamentary electorate in the Waikato region of New Zealand, which existed for various periods between 1876 and 1996. Population centres In the 1875 electoral redistribution, the House of Representatives increased representation by 10 seats, but this was mostly achieved through adding more members to existing electorates. Only two new electorates were created, and the Waipa electorate was one of them. It was created by splitting the area of the electorate. For the first election in 1876, polling booths were in Hamilton West (the Waikato River was the electorate's boundary), Ngāruawāhia, Alexandra (since renamed to Pirongia), Raglan, and Ōhaupō. In the 1881 electoral redistribution, the Waipa electorate was not altered. In the 1887 electoral redistribution, the Waipa electorate lost some area in the south and east, and Awakino went to the electorate, whilst Tūrangi went to the electorate. In the 1890 electoral redistribution, Waipa was abolished and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stratford (New Zealand Electorate)
Stratford is a former parliamentary electorate, in Taranaki, New Zealand. It existed from 1908 to 1946, and from 1954 to 1978. It was represented by six Members of Parliament. Population centres In the 1907 electoral redistribution, a major change that had to be allowed for was a reduction of the tolerance to ±750 to those electorates where the country quota applied. The North Island had once again a higher population growth than the South Island, and three seats were transferred from south to north. In the resulting boundary distribution, every existing electorate was affected, and three electorates were established for the first time, including the Stratford electorate. These changes took effect with the . The electorate was mixed urban and rural, with the town of Stratford located near the electorate's southern boundary. In the 1908 election, the rural / urban split for the country quote was a ratio of 4 to 1, and it more or less held this ratio until the country quota was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rotorua (New Zealand Electorate)
Rotorua is a New Zealand parliamentary New Zealand electorates, electorate, returning one Member of Parliament to the New Zealand House of Representatives. It was first established in 1919, and has existed continuously since 1954. The current MP for Rotorua is Todd McClay of the New Zealand National Party, National Party, who won the electorate in the 2008 New Zealand general election, 2008 general election from incumbent New Zealand Labour Party, Labour MP Steve Chadwick. Population centres In the 1918 electoral redistribution, the North Island gained a further three electorates from the South Island due to faster population growth. Only two existing electorates were unaltered, five electorates were abolished, two former electorate were re-established, and three electorates, including Rotorua, were created for the first time. The initial electorate, which was formed through the 1918 electoral redistribution, had a long coastline along the Bay of Plenty, and incorporated, beside ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heretaunga (New Zealand Electorate)
Heretaunga is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate, in the city of Upper Hutt, that existed from 1954 until 1996. Population centres The First Labour Government was defeated in the and the incoming National Government changed the Electoral Act, with the electoral quota once again based on total population as opposed to qualified electors, and the tolerance was increased to 7.5% of the electoral quota. There was no adjustments in the number of electorates between the South and North Islands, but the law changes resulted in boundary adjustments to almost every electorate through the 1952 electoral redistribution; only five electorates were unaltered. Five electorates were reconstituted and the Heretaunga electorate was newly created, and a corresponding six electorates were abolished; all of these in the North Island. These changes took effect with the . The Heretaunga electorate was urban and was based on Heretaunga, a suburb of Upper Hutt in the northern Hutt Valley ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voter Turnout
In political science, voter turnout is the participation rate (often defined as those who cast a ballot) of a given election. This is typically either the percentage of Voter registration, registered voters, Suffrage, eligible voters, or all Voting age, voting-age people. According to Stanford University political scientists Adam Bonica and Michael McFaul, there is a consensus among political scientists that "democracies perform better when more people vote." Institutional factors drive the vast majority of differences in turnout rates.Michael McDonald and Samuel Popkin"The Myth of the Vanishing Voter"in American Political Science Review. December 2001. p. 970. For example, simpler parliamentary democracies where voters get shorter ballots, fewer elections, and a multi-party system that makes accountability easier see much higher turnout than the systems of the United States, Japan, and Switzerland. Significance Some parts of society are more likely to vote than others. As turnou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fintan Patrick Walsh
Fintan Patrick Walsh (13 August 1894 – 16 May 1963) was a notable New Zealand seaman, trade unionist and farmer. He was born in Pātūtahi, Poverty Bay, on the East Coast of New Zealand in 1894, and died in Wellington in 1963. Biography Fintan Patrick Walsh was born Patrick Tuohy at Pātūtahi, Poverty Bay, on 13 August 1894, one of eleven children of farming parents Andrew Tuohy and his wife, Hannah O'Sullivan, both born in Ireland. He was raised a Catholic but reportedly discarded his faith when he became an adult. He was a founding member of the Communist Party of New Zealand. Walsh was president of the New Zealand Federation of Labour between 1953 and 1963. In 1953, Walsh was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal. He died in Wellington Wellington is the capital city of New Zealand. It is located at the south-western tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Remutaka Range. Wellington is the third-largest city in New Zealand (second l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
