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1914–1918 Online
''1914–1918 Online: International Encyclopedia of the First World War'' is an international, English-language online encyclopedia of the First World War. Deemed the largest research network of its kind, it officially went online on 8 October 2014. The editorial office is staffed by historians and uses Semantic MediaWiki. The Freie Universität Berlin (FU Berlin) and the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (Bavarian State Library) in Munich initiated the online academic reference work in the run-up to the centenary commemorations of the Great War. The project has since gained the support of several international partners, including the German Historical Institutes in London, Moscow, Paris, Rome, Warsaw as well as the Orient-Institut Istanbul (Oriental Institute in Istanbul). It has furthermore acquired eight-figure funds from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation), funding which was extended in 2016 by an "Open Encyclopedia System" follow-up grant. The projec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Online Encyclopedia
An online encyclopedia, also called an Internet encyclopedia, is a digital encyclopedia accessible through the Internet. Some examples include pre-World Wide Web services that offered the '' Academic American Encyclopedia'' beginning in 1980, Encyclopedia.com since 1998, Encarta from 2000 to 2009, Wikipedia since 2001, and ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' since 2016. Digitization of existing content In January 1995, Project Gutenberg started to publish the ASCII text of the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 11th edition (1911), but disagreements about the method halted the work after the first volume. For trademark reasons, the text had been published as the Gutenberg Encyclopedia. Since then, Project Gutenberg digitized and proofread the encyclopedia, until the last update in September 2018. Project Gutenberg published volumes in alphabetical order; the most recent publication is ''Volume 17 Slice 1: " Lord Chamberlain" to " Luqman"'', published on August 9, 2013. The latest '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zotero
Zotero () is a free and open-source reference management software to manage bibliographic data and related research materials, such as PDF and ePUB files. Features include web browser integration, online syncing, generation of in-text citations, footnotes, and bibliographies, integrated PDF, ePUB and HTML readers with annotation capabilities, and a note editor, as well as integration with the word processors Microsoft Word, LibreOffice Writer, and Google Docs. It was originally created at the Center for History and New Media at George Mason University and, as of 2021, is developed by the non-profit Corporation for Digital Scholarship. Features When the Zotero Connector extension is installed in a compatible web browser, a special icon appears in the browser toolbar when a catalog entry or a resource (book, article, thesis) is being viewed on any of a wide variety of websites (such as library catalogues or databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Google Books, Amazon.com, W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internet Properties Established In 2014
The Internet (or internet) is the Global network, global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a internetworking, network of networks that consists of Private network, private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, Wireless network, wireless, and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the interlinked hypertext documents and Web application, applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), email, electronic mail, internet telephony, streaming media and file sharing. The origins of the Internet date back to research that enabled the time-sharing of computer resources, the development of packet switching in the 1960s and the design of computer networks for data communication. The set of rules (communication protocols) to enable i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Online Encyclopedias
German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also German nationality law **Germanic peoples (Roman era) *German diaspora * German language * German cuisine, traditional foods of Germany People * German (given name) * German (surname) * Germán, a Spanish name Places * German (parish), Isle of Man * German, Albania, or Gërmej * German, Bulgaria * German, Iran * German, North Macedonia * German, New York, U.S. * Agios Germanos, Greece Other uses * German (mythology), a South Slavic mythological being * Germans (band), a Canadian rock band * "German" (song), a 2019 song by No Money Enterprise * ''The German'', a 2008 short film * "The Germans", an episode of ''Fawlty Towers'' * ''The German'', a nickname for Congolese rebel André Kisase Ngandu See also * Germanic (disambiguati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Library Association
The American Library Association (ALA) is a nonprofit organization based in the United States that promotes libraries and library education internationally. It is the oldest and largest library association in the world. History 19th century During the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876, 103 librarians, 90 men, and 13 women, responded to a call for a "Convention of Librarians" to be held October 4–6, 1876, at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. At the end of the meeting, according to Edward G. Holley in his essay "ALA at 100", "the register was passed around for all to sign who wished to become charter members", making October 6, 1876, the date of the ALA's founding. Among the 103 librarians in attendance were Justin Winsor (Boston Public Library and Harvard University), William Frederick Poole ( Chicago Public Library and Newberry College), Charles Ammi Cutter ( Boston Athenæum), Melvil Dewey, Charles Evans ( Indianapolis Public Library) and Richa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erik-Jan Zürcher
Erik-Jan Zürcher (born 1953) is a Dutch Turkologist. He is a professor of Turkish studies at Leiden University since 1997. From 2008 to 2012 he served as director of the International Institute of Social History. His book ''Turkey: a Modern History'' is considered a standard work. Zürcher frequently comments on current issues related to Turkey. Career Zürcher was born in 1953, the only child of Sinologist Erik Zürcher (1928–2008). Zürcher obtained a BA in Turkish studies from Leiden University in 1974. Three years later he received his MA in Turkish studies, with minors in both modern history and Persian. In 1984 he obtained his PhD in Turkish studies, also from Leiden University. From 1977 to 1989 Zürcher was an assistant professor of Turkish and Persian at the Radboud University Nijmegen. He subsequently was employed as associate professor of modern history at the same university until 1997. From 1990 to 1999 he was a senior researcher at the International Institute of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jay Winter
Jay Murray Winter (born May 28, 1945) is an American historian and author. He is the Charles J. Stille Professor of History at Yale University. Winter is also affiliated with the Museum of the Great War in Peronne, France, a research center and museum of World War I in European cultural history. Education He obtained his A.B. at Columbia and his Ph.D. at Cambridge. Research Winter focuses his research on World War I and its impact on the 20th century. His other interests include remembrance of war in the 20th century, such as memorial and mourning sites, European population decline, the causes and institutions of war, British popular culture in the era of the First World War, and the Armenian genocide of 1915. Winter's earlier work largely focused on social history, including ''The Great War and the British People'' (1986) focuses on the war's demographic impact on the British population. In more recent works he has taken the approach of a cultural historian, most no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hew Strachan
Sir Hew Francis Anthony Strachan, ( ; born 1 September 1949) is a British military historian, well known for his leadership in scholarly studies of the British Army and the history of the First World War. He is currently professor of international relations at the University of St Andrews. Before that Strachan was the Chichele Professor of the History of War at All Souls College, Oxford. Early life Strachan was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. He was educated at Rugby School, then in 1968 was a merchant seaman for three months, working his passage around the world on ships of Ben Line Steamers Ltd. He then spent three years at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, graduating BA in 1971 and proceeding to M.A. in 1975. In 1973, he joined a survey of antiquities in the Sudan. Career In 1975, Strachan was elected a research fellow of Corpus Christi College, and in 1977–1978 was a senior lecturer in war studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. In 1978, he returned to his Camb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jürgen Osterhammel
Jürgen Osterhammel (born 1952 in Wipperfürth, North Rhine-Westphalia) is a German historian specialized in Chinese and world history. He is professor emeritus at the University of Konstanz. Academia Osterhammel started his academic career as a research fee student at the London School of Economics in 1976/77 and studied and worked there under Professor Ian Nish. In 1980, he obtained his PhD from the University of Kassel in modern history. Two years later, Osterhammel started as a fellow at the German Historical Institute in London. Between 1986 and 1990, he was a senior lecturer in political science at the University of Freiburg (Germany). Osterhammel then worked for seven years as professor of modern history at the FernUniversität Hagen, a distance-learning university and the university with the highest enrollment in Germany. He has also worked as a professor of modern history at the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva before taking up the same position ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jürgen Kocka
Jürgen Kocka (born 19 April 1941 in Haindorf, Sudetenland) is a German historian. A university professor and former president of the Social Science Research Center Berlin (2001–2007), Kocka is a major figure in the new Social History, especially as represented by the Bielefeld School. He has focused his research on the history of employees in large German and American businesses, and on the history of European bourgeoisie. Inspired by the methods of Ernest Labrousse, he attempts to analyze social processes of German society from the perspective of modernisation, industrialization, and the creation of modern Europe. Life Kocka was born in Haindorf, and gained his PhD from the Free University of Berlin in 1968. From 1992 to 1996, Kocka was the founding director and is to date a Senior Fellow of the Centre for Contemporary History in Potsdam. Since 2008, he has been vice president of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. Social history Kocka was a l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerhard Hirschfeld
Gerhard Hirschfeld (born 19 September 1946 in Plettenberg, Germany) is a German historian and author. From 1989 to 2011, he was director of the Stuttgart-based Bibliothek für Zeitgeschichte / Library of Contemporary History, and has been a professor at the Institute of History of the University of Stuttgart since 1997. In 2016 he also became a visiting professor at the Institute for International Studies, University of Wuhan (China). Education and career Hirschfeld studied History, German literature (Germanistik) and political science ( Staatsexamen 1974) at the Ruhr University Bochum and the University of Cologne. He was a lecturer at University College Dublin from 1974 to 1975. Hirschfeld received his Ph.D. from Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 1981. He was assistant to Professor Wolfgang Mommsen at Düsseldorf University, 1977–1978. From 1978-1989, Hirschfeld was a Fellow with the German Historical Institute London. Hirschfeld was director of the Library of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josef Ehmer
Josef Ehmer (7 November 1948 – 10 May 2023) was an Austrian historian and professor emeritus at the University of Vienna. Education and academic career Ehmer was born in Gschwandt on 7 November 1948. After attending elementary & secondary school in Upper Austria, Josef Ehmer studied history and German studies at the University of Vienna, where he obtained his doctorate in 1976. He then worked as a research assistant at the Department of Social and Economic History at the University of Vienna. In 1989 he habilitated and qualified as a lecturer. In 1993 he received a professorship at the University of Salzburg where he taught modern history. In 2005 he returned to the University of Vienna as professor of social and economic history. At both universities he was a member of the Academic Senate. From 2005 to 2014 Josef Ehmer was speaker for the historical sciences on the board of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) and a board member of HERA - Humanities in the European Research Area. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
