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1913 Australian Federal Election
The 1913 Australian federal election was held in Australia on 31 May 1913. All 75 seats in the Australian House of Representatives, House of Representatives, and 18 of the 36 seats in the Australian Senate, Senate were up for election. The incumbent Australian Labor Party, Labor Party, led by Prime Minister Andrew Fisher, was defeated by the opposition Commonwealth Liberal Party under Joseph Cook, marking the second time an Australian Prime Minister was defeated at an election. The new government had a majority of just a single seat, and held a minority of seats in the Senate. It would last only 15 months, suffering defeat at the 1914 Australian federal election, 1914 election. The 1913 election was held in conjunction with 1913 Australian referendum, six referendum questions, none of which were carried. According to David Day (historian), David Day, Andrew Fisher's biographer, "it was probably the timing of the referenda that was most responsible for the disappointing election r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Percentage Point
A percentage point or percent point is the unit (measurement), unit for the difference (mathematics), arithmetic difference between two percentages. For example, moving up from 40 percent to 44 percent is an increase of 4 percentage points (although it is a 10-percent increase in the quantity being measured, if the total amount remains the same). In written text, the unit (the percentage point) is usually either written out, or abbreviated as ''pp'', ''p.p.'', or ''%pt.'' to avoid confusion with percentage increase or decrease in the actual quantity. After the first occurrence, some writers abbreviate by using just "point" or "points". Differences between percentages and percentage points Consider the following hypothetical example: In 1980, 50 percent of the population smoked, and in 1990 only 40 percent of the population smoked. One can thus say that from 1980 to 1990, the prevalence of smoking decreased by 10 ''percentage points'' (or by 10 percent of the population) or by ''20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compulsory Voting
Compulsory voting, also called universal civic duty voting or mandatory voting, is the requirement that registered voters participate in an election. As of January 2023, 21 countries have compulsory voting laws. Law enforcement in those countries varies considerably, and the penalty for not casting a ballot without a proper justification ranges from severe to non-existent. History Antiquity Athenian democracy held that it was every Athenian citizen's duty to participate in decision-making, but attendance at the assembly was voluntary. Sometimes there was some form of social opprobrium to those not participating, particularly if they were engaging in other public activity at the time of the assembly. For example, Aristophanes's comedy '' Acharnians'' 17–22, in the 5th century BC, shows public slaves herding citizens from the agora into the assembly meeting place ('' Pnyx'') with a red-stained rope. Those with red on their clothes were fined. This usually happens if fewer th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Gordon (Australian Politician)
Sir David John Gordon (4 May 1865 – 12 February 1946) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the Australian House of Representatives from 1911 to 1913, before going into state politics and becoming a member of the South Australian Legislative Council from 1913 to 1944 (president from 1932). He was briefly Minister of Education and Minister of Repatriation under SA Premier Archibald Peake in 1917. Early life Born in Riverton, South Australia, the son of Thomas Gordon, Scottish carpenter, miller, and farmer, Gordon was educated at Stanley Grammar School, Watervale before his family moved to Ardrossan, Yorke Peninsula where he worked on the family farm. Gordon moved to Adelaide and worked as a grain merchant. He became a deacon of the Congregational Church and met Anna Louise Peel, a pianist at his local church, whom he married on 4 April 1888. Later that year he joined the ''South Australian Register'', with whom he was employed for about 20 years, initially in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Division Of Boothby
The Division of Boothby is an Divisions of the Australian House of Representatives, Australian federal electoral division in South Australia. The division was one of the seven established when the former Division of South Australia was redistributed on 2 October 1903 and is named after William Boothby (1829–1903), the Returning Officer for the 1901 Australian federal election, first federal election.Profile of the Electoral Division of Boothby 4 January 2011, Australian Electoral Commission. At the 2016 Australian federal election, 2016 federal election, the seat covered 130 km², extending from Clarence Gardens and Urrbrae, South Australia, Urrbrae in the north to Marino, South Australia, Marino and part of Happy Valley, South Australia, Happy Valley in the south, including the suburbs of Bela ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Arthur (Australian Politician)
John Andrew Arthur (15 August 1875 – 9 December 1914) was an Australian lawyer and politician. He was a member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and was first elected to federal parliament at the 1913 federal election, after a successful career at the Victorian Bar. After the 1914 election, he was appointed Minister for External Affairs in the Fisher government. He died of kidney disease three months later, aged 39. Early life Arthur was born in Castlemaine, Victoria, son of a goldminer and spent his childhood in several Victorian goldmining towns. He won a state scholarship allowing him to attend Grenville College, Ballarat for three years. He graduated from the University of Melbourne with a Bachelor of Arts in 1895. He was a brilliant student and completed a Master of Arts in 1897, a Bachelor of Laws in 1898 and a Master of Laws in 1901. He became a tutor at Queen's College in logic and philosophy, political economy and history, and law and was admitted to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Quick (politician)
Sir John Quick (22 April 1852 – 17 June 1932) was an Australian lawyer, politician and judge. He played a prominent role in the movement for Federation and the drafting of the Australian constitution, later writing several works on Australian constitutional law. He began his political career in the Victorian Legislative Assembly (1880–1889) and later won election to the House of Representatives at the first federal election in 1901. He served as Postmaster-General in the third Deakin Government (1909–1910). He lost his seat in 1913 and ended his public service as deputy president of the Commonwealth Court of Conciliation and Arbitration (1922–1930). Early life He was born in the parish of Towednack, near St Ives in Cornwall, England, the son of John Sr and Mary Quick. His life changed when he was 2 when his family migrated to Australia in 1854, where his father, a farmer, began prospecting at the Bendigo goldfields but died a few months later of a fever. Quick ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Division Of Bendigo
The Division of Bendigo is an Divisions of the Australian House of Representatives, Australian electoral division in the states and territories of Australia, state of Victoria (Australia), Victoria. The division was proclaimed in 1900, and was one of the List of Australian electorates contested at every election, original 65 divisions to be contested at the 1901 Australian federal election, first federal election. It is named for the city of Bendigo. The division is situated on the northern foothills of the Great Dividing Range in North Central Victoria. It covers an area of approximately and provides the southern gateway to the Murray–Darling basin. In addition to the city of Bendigo, other large population centres in the division include , and Kyneton. The current Member for the Division of Bendigo, since the 2013 Australian federal election, 2013 federal election, is Lisa Chesters, a member of the Australian Labor Party. Geography Since 1984, federal electoral division ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles McGrath (politician)
David Charles McGrath (10 November 1872 – 31 July 1934) was an Australian politician. Originally a member of the Australian Labor Party, he joined Joseph Lyons in the 1931 Labor split that led to the formation of the United Australia Party. Early life McGrath was born at Newtown, Victoria to David McGrath, an Irish-born miner, and Evelyn, née Horsefield, an Englishwoman. He attended Newtown State and Creswick Grammar schools before working at the family store at Allendale. He was a playing member of the South Ballarat Football Club during the 1890s and a former president of the club too. He married Elizabeth Johnstone Gullan in Ballarat on 24 May 1898; the couple moved to Pitfield Plains in 1900 to expand the family business. State politics In 1904, McGrath was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for Labor, representing the seat of Grenville. He became known as a spokesman for the mining industry, and earned the nickname "Bull" for his promotion of Labor in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Deakin
Alfred Deakin (3 August 1856 – 7 October 1919) was an Australian politician who served as the second Prime Minister of Australia, prime minister of Australia from 1903 to 1904, 1905 to 1908, and 1909 to 1910. He held office as the leader of the Protectionist Party, and in his final term as that of the Liberal Party (Australia, 1909), Liberal Party. He is notable for being one of the founding fathers of Federation of Australia, Federation and for his influence in early Politics of Australia, Australian politics. Deakin was born in Melbourne to middle-class parents. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly in 1879, aged 23, additionally working as a barrister and journalist. He held ministerial office sporadically beginning in 1883, serving twice as Attorney-General of Victoria and aligning himself with Colonial liberalism, liberal and Radicalism (historical), radical reformers. In the 1890s, Deakin became one of the leading figures in the movement for the federation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Division Of Ballarat
The Division of Ballarat (spelt Ballaarat from 1901 until the 1977 election) is an Divisions of the Australian House of Representatives, Australian electoral division in the states and territories of Australia, state of Victoria (Australia), Victoria. The division was proclaimed in 1900, and was one of the List of Australian electorates contested at every election, original 65 divisions to be contested at the 1901 Australian federal election, first federal election. It was named for the provincial city of Ballarat, the same name by Scottish squatter Archibald Yuille, who established the first settlement − his sheep station, sheep run called Ballaarat − in 1837, with the name derived from a local Wathawurrung language, Wathawurrung word for the area, ''balla arat'', thought to mean "resting place". The division currently takes in the regional City of Ballarat and the smaller towns of Gordon, Victoria, Gordon, Meredith, Victoria, Meredith, Buninyong, Clunes, Victoria, Clunes, C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Labor Party (Australia)
The Socialist Labor Party was a socialist political party of Australia that existed from 1901 to the 1970s. Originally formed as the Australian Socialist League in 1887, it had members such as George Black, New South Wales Premier William Holman and Prime Minister Billy Hughes. History Australian Socialist League The Australian Socialist League, a multi-tendency organisation similar to the British Socialist League, was founded on 4 May 1887, and publicly launched several months later on 26 August at 533 George Street, Sydney, New South Wales Colony. The Socialist League was largest within the state of New South Wales. The League consisted of three major groups, the "Modern Socialists", the " Scientific socialists or Communist-Anarchists", and the "libertarian and individualist anarchists" Labor historian Verity Burgmann describes the Modern Socialists as a unique historical tendency that "espoused a co-operativist strategy: it was a kind of micro-socialism in that it a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Senate 1913
Australian(s) may refer to: Australia * Australia, a country * Australians, citizens of the Commonwealth of Australia ** European Australians ** Anglo-Celtic Australians, Australians descended principally from British colonists ** Aboriginal Australians, indigenous peoples of Australia as identified and defined within Australian law * Australia (continent) ** Indigenous Australians * Australian English, the dialect of the English language spoken in Australia * Australian Aboriginal languages * ''The Australian'', a newspaper * Australiana, things of Australian origins Other uses * Australian (horse), a racehorse * Australian, British Columbia, an unincorporated community in Canada See also * The Australian (other) * Australia (other) * * * Austrian (other) Austrian may refer to: * Austrians, someone from Austria or of Austrian descent ** Someone who is considered an Austrian citizen * Austrian German dialect * Something associated with the countr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
