|
1890s In Bulgaria
The 1890s in the Principality of Bulgaria Incumbents * Prince of Bulgaria: Ferdinand I (1887–1918) * Prime Minister of Bulgaria: ** Stefan Stambolov (1887–1894) ** Konstantin Stoilov (1894–1899) ** Dimitar Grekov (1899) ** Todor Ivanchov (1899–1901) Events 1890 * The first opera company in Bulgaria is founded. * 7 September – Parliamentary elections are held. The result is an overwhelming victory for the People's Liberal Party of Prime Minister Stefan Stambolov. 1891 * The Eagles' Bridge in Sofia is constructed by Czech architect Václav Prošek, his brother Jozef and his cousins Bohdan and Jiří.''Travel Sofia: Illustrated Guide, Phrasebook and Maps'', MobileReference, 2010 They also construct the Lions' Bridge. * PMG "Ekzarh Antim I" is established. * The Young Macedonian Literary Association is established. * 2 August – The Buzludzha Congress begins at Buzludzha, resulting in the founding of the Bulgarian Social Democratic Party. 1892 * B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buzludzha Congress
The Buzludzha Congress () was the constituent assembly of the Bulgarian Social Democratic Party (). It began on August 2, 1891 on Buzludzha peak on the initiative of Dimitar Blagoev. Around 20 members of the Socialist party from Tarnovo, Gabrovo, Dryanovo, Sliven, Kazanlak, Stara Zagora and other cities took part in the Congress. The Congress marked the end of the beginning phase of the Socialist movement in Bulgaria, and the beginning of organized party activity for the uniting of Socialism with the worker's movement. The Bulgarian Social Democratic Party took Marxism as its ideology. Preparation The conference was held, from May 3 to May 5 in 1891, in Veliko Tarnovo under the leadership of Dimitar Blagoev. Attendance The members in the meeting were: * Dimitar Blagoev, * Nikola Hr. Gabrovski, * and Dragomir Gerganov, from Veliko Tarnovo. * Mihail Ivanov, * Mihail Boichinov, * Mihail Radev, * and Panayot Venkov, from Dryanovo. * Unknown member, from Gabrovo. * Sava Mutafov, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee
The Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee (SMAC), (), also known as the Supreme Macedonian Committee (SMC), was a Bulgarian paramilitary and political organization, active in Bulgaria as well as in Macedonia and Adrianople regions of the Ottoman Empire. It was based in Sofia from 1895 to 1905. This committee was the governing body of the Macedonian-Adrianopolitan refugees' societies in the country and of the corresponding fraternities. The main purpose of the Committee was the political autonomy of Macedonia and Adrianople regions, with their subsequent unification with Bulgaria. This was to be achieved through establishment of set of committees in Bulgaria, their arming and preparing for military intervention. History Activity Macedonian Bulgarian emigrants in Bulgaria, led by Trayko Kitanchev, in March 1895, formed the Macedonian Organization, at the head of which was the ''Macedonian Committee''. Kitanchev became SMAC's first president, while Naum Tyufekchiev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Macedonian Committee Chetas' Action
The Supreme Macedonian Committee chetas' action in 1895 was an armed expedition of several chetas from Bulgaria into the Ottoman-ruled Macedonia and Thrace in the period of June-August 1895. Its aim was to provoke a general uprising in the area and to draw the attention of the Great Powers to non-compliance of the Treaty of Berlin (1878), and the provided reforms in European Turkey. The Supreme Macedonian Committee invited about 40 active and reserve officers from the Bulgarian army, as well as some old vojvodes from Macedonia. Among them were Boris Sarafov, Toma Davidov, Mihail Apostolov, Yordan Venedikov, etc. The number of the rebels was about 800 people, divided into four detachments. After invading Macedonia, the separate detachments headed to Strumica, Melnik and Dospat, respectively, but generally did not achieve much success. The failure of the action caused disagreements in the organization. The Ottoman government took advantage of the attack of the Pomaks ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plovdiv
Plovdiv (, ) is the List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, second-largest city in Bulgaria, 144 km (93 miles) southeast of the capital Sofia. It had a population of 490,983 and 675,000 in the greater metropolitan area. Plovdiv is a cultural hub in Bulgaria and was the European Capital of Culture in 1999 and 2019. The city is an important economic, transport, cultural, and educational centre. Plovdiv joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2016. Archeological symbols of Plovdiv Plovdiv is in a fertile region of south-central Bulgaria on the two banks of the Maritsa River. The city has historically developed on seven syenite hills, some of which are high. Because of these hills, Plovdiv is often referred to in Bulgaria as "The City of the Seven Hills". There is evidence of habitation in the area dating back to the 6th millennium BCE, when the first Neolithic settlements were established. The city was subsequently a Thracians, Thracian settlement, later being conq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macedonian Secret Revolutionary Committee
The Macedonian Secret Revolutionary Committee (MSRC; ; ) was founded in in Plovdiv. It was developed later in Geneva in a secret, anarchistic, brotherhood called "Geneva Group". History The Bulgarian anarchist movement grew in the 1890s, and the territory of Principality of Bulgaria became a staging-point for anarchist activities against the Ottomans. Its activists were the students Michail Gerdjikov, Petar Mandjukov, Petar Sokolov, Slavi Merdjanov, Dimitar Ganchev, Konstantin Antonov and others. In 1893, they started in Plovdiv revolutionary activity as founders of the MSRC, which was proclaimed there in 1895. At the end of 1897, part of the group moved to Switzerland (Lozana and Geneva), where it made close connections with the revolutionary immigration and founded in 1898 the so-called ''Geneva Group'', an external extension of MSRC. The organisation was under strong anarchist influence and rejected the nationalisms of the ethnic minorities of the Ottoman Empire, favouring the i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voter Turnout
In political science, voter turnout is the participation rate (often defined as those who cast a ballot) of a given election. This is typically either the percentage of Voter registration, registered voters, Suffrage, eligible voters, or all Voting age, voting-age people. According to Stanford University political scientists Adam Bonica and Michael McFaul, there is a consensus among political scientists that "democracies perform better when more people vote." Institutional factors drive the vast majority of differences in turnout rates.Michael McDonald and Samuel Popkin"The Myth of the Vanishing Voter"in American Political Science Review. December 2001. p. 970. For example, simpler parliamentary democracies where voters get shorter ballots, fewer elections, and a multi-party system that makes accountability easier see much higher turnout than the systems of the United States, Japan, and Switzerland. Significance Some parts of society are more likely to vote than others. As turnou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1894 Bulgarian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Bulgaria on 23 September 1894."The Bulgarian Elections", ''The Times'', 25 September 1894 Voter turnout was unusually high. Results References {{Bulgarian elections Bulgaria Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey t ... 1894 in Bulgaria Parliamentary elections in Bulgaria September 1894 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1893 Bulgarian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Bulgaria on 30 July 1893."Bulgaria", ''The Times'', 13 July 1893 Following changes to the constitution earlier in the year, the number of members of the National Assembly was reduced. The elections were marred by riots in Peshtera, where attempts were made to steal the ballot boxes and assault the presiding officer."Bulgaria", ''The Times'', 5 August 1893 Violence also occurred in Belogradchik, where attempts were made to prevent the polling station closing until supporters of one candidate had arrived. Voter turnout was low, largely due to indifference in rural areas where national politics was not considered of importance. References {{Bulgarian elections Bulgaria Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey t ... 1893 in Bulgaria Parlia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navibulgar
Navibulgar is a Bulgarian shipping company, the largest in the country, with a fleet of 70 vessels: 46 Bulk cargo, bulk carriers, 9 Intermodal container, container vessels, 5 tanker (ship), tanker and chemical vessels, and 10 cargo, combined tonnage vessels, including their new 30,700-tonne ship, which became a part of their fleet in June 2012. Acquisitions In 2002, the company acquired Varna shipyard for $16.1 million. In May 2014, Navibulgar completed its set of modern domestically built handymax ships with a deal for a Greek-owned bulker. The vessel is named ''Wanderlust'' and was originally ordered for design and building in 1997. 2025 cable cutting incident In January 2025 the Navibulgar bulk carrier ''Vezhen'' was seized in the Baltic Sea off Karlskrona by Swedish police forces, after a submarine communication cable between Latvia and Sweden had been severed on 26 January. Similar to the cases of ''Yi Peng 3'' and the ''Eagle S'', who are suspected of having cut su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veliko Tarnovo
Veliko Tarnovo (, ; "Great Tarnovo") is a city in north central Bulgaria and the administrative centre of Veliko Tarnovo Province. It is the historical and spiritual capital of Bulgaria. Often referred to as the "''City of the Tsars''", Veliko Tarnovo is located on the Yantra (river), Yantra River and is famously known as the historical capital of the Second Bulgarian Empire, attracting many tourists with its unique architecture. The old part of the town is situated on three hills, Tsarevets (fortress), Tsarevets, Trapezitsa (fortress), Trapezitsa, and Sveta Gora, rising amidst the meanders of the Yantra. On Tsarevets are the palaces of the Bulgarian emperors and the Patriarchate, the Ascension Cathedral (Veliko Tarnovo), Patriarchal Cathedral, and also a number of administrative and residential edifices surrounded by thick walls. Trapezitsa is known for its many churches and as the former main residence of the nobility. During the Middle Ages, the town was among the main Euro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beer In Bulgaria
The modern history of beer in Bulgaria (, ''pivo'' or бира, ''bira'') dates back to the 19th century, when it was introduced to the country by foreigners (from Austria-Hungary, France and Switzerland) shortly before the Liberation of Bulgaria. Until then, beer was practically unknown in what used to be a mainly rakia and Bulgarian wine, wine-drinking country. Today, Bulgaria ranks 14th List of countries by beer consumption per capita, by beer consumption per capita, with 73 litres a year. History The Hungarians, Hungarian exiles in Shumen, led by Lajos Kossuth after the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, brewed beer and are thought to have found followers among the locals. However, their stay in the city was short and they could not manage to introduce beer to the masses. The Frenchman Ducorp, who worked as a railway engineer near Sofia between 1873 and 1876, opened a small brewery in . The Czechs, Czech Jiří Prošek, who first came to Bulgaria in 1873 to work on the same railway ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
