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1890 Eccles By-election
The 1890 Eccles by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of Eccles in Lancashire on 22 October 1890. Vacancy The by-election was caused by the death of the sitting Conservative MP the Hon. Alfred John Francis Egerton on 25 September 1890. Egerton had held the seat at the 1886 general election with a majority of 292 votes. The candidates and constituency The campaign began immediately following the late MP's funeral on 30 September. There were two candidates: * Algernon Fulke Egerton, a former Conservative MP and uncle of the deceased member, who was also supported by the local Liberal Unionist organisation. *Henry John Roby, a partner in the firm of Ermen & Roby cotton thread manufacturers, candidate of the Liberal Party. The constituency was described as containing an "electorate of varied pursuits and interests", with different areas favourable to each candidate. The Liberals were thought to be strong among the factory ...
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Swinton, Greater Manchester
Swinton is a town in the City of Salford in Greater Manchester, England. southwest of the River Irwell, northwest of Manchester city centre, adjoining the town of Pendlebury and suburb of Clifton. In 2014, it had a population of 22,931. Historically in Lancashire, for centuries Swinton was a small hamlet in the township of Worsley, parish of Eccles and hundred of Salfordshire.. The name Swinton is derived from the Old English "Swynton" meaning "swine town". In the High Middle Ages, Swinton was held by the religious orders of the Knights Hospitaller and Whalley Abbey. Farming was the main industry, with locals supplementing their incomes by hand-loom woollen weaving in the domestic system. Collieries opened in the Industrial Revolution and Swinton became an important industrial area with coal providing the fuel for the cotton spinning and brickmaking industries. Bricks from Swinton were used for industrial projects including the Bridgewater Canal, which passe ...
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Conservative Central Office
The Conservative Campaign Headquarters (CCHQ), formerly known as Conservative Central Office (CCO), is the headquarters of the British Conservative Party, housing its central staff and committee members, including campaign coordinators and managers. As of 25th October 2022, Nadhim Zahawi is the Chairman of the Conservative Party. Campaigning CCHQ is responsible for all campaigning of the Conservative Party, though it delegates responsibility for local campaigns to constituency Conservative Associations. It maintains overall responsibility for targeting voters and seats, including shortlisting and finalising the selection of Conservative candidates across the United Kingdom for local and national elections. CCHQ is used as a phone bank for volunteers, and is most active at general elections and some by-elections. The CCHQ Voter Communications Team also coordinates and manages data from local Conservative call centres. Following the 2017 general election in which the Conserv ...
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Robert Cecil, 3rd Marquess Of Salisbury
Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (; 3 February 183022 August 1903) was a British statesman and Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom three times for a total of over thirteen years. He was also Foreign Secretary for much of his tenure, and during his last two years of office he was Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal. He avoided alignments or alliances, maintaining the policy of "splendid isolation". Lord Robert Cecil, also known as Lord Salisbury, was first elected to the House of Commons in 1854 and served as Secretary of State for India in Lord Derby's Conservative government 1866–1867. In 1874, under Disraeli, Salisbury returned as Secretary of State for India, and, in 1878, was appointed foreign secretary, and played a leading part in the Congress of Berlin. After Disraeli's death in 1881, Salisbury emerged as Conservative leader in the House of Lords, with Sir Stafford Northcote leading the party in the Comm ...
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Eccles Town Hall
Eccles Town Hall is a municipal building in Church Street, Eccles, Greater Manchester, England. The town hall was the headquarters of Eccles Borough Council until the council was abolished in 1974. History Shortly after it had been created in 1854, the local board of health established itself in some rented rooms in Patricroft. After civic leaders found these rooms inadequate, in the context of population growth associated with the expanding textile industry, they decided to procure a new town hall: the site they selected had been occupied by the old cockpit in the town. Although cockfighting had been regarded as cruel by the early 19th century, it was still popular in Eccles at that time. The new building was designed by John Lowe in the Edwardian Baroque style, built in red brick by Moore and Sons and was officially opened on 3 November 1881. The building became the headquarters of Eccles Metropolitan Borough when it was formed in 1892. The design involved a symmetrical main ...
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Birmingham Daily Post
The ''Birmingham Post'' is a weekly printed newspaper based in Birmingham, England, with a circulation of 2,545 and distribution throughout the West Midlands (region), West Midlands. First published under the name the ''Birmingham Daily Post'' in 1857, it has had a succession of distinguished editors and has played an influential role in the life and politics of the city. It is currently owned by Reach plc. In June 2013, it launched a daily tablet edition called ''Birmingham Post Business Daily.'' History The ''Birmingham Journal (nineteenth century), Birmingham Journal'' was a weekly newspaper published between 1825 and 1869. A nationally influential voice in the Chartism, Chartist movement in the 1830s, it was sold to John Frederick Feeney in 1844 and was a direct ancestor of today's ''Birmingham Post''. The 1855 Stamp Act removed the tax on newspapers and transformed the news trade. The price of the ''Journal'' was reduced from seven pence to four pence and circulation boome ...
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North-Eastern Daily Gazette
TeessideLive is a regional news website serving the Teesside area of England. The website feeds ''The Gazette'' daily newspaper and the ''Sunday Sun'', England’s best-selling regional Sunday newspaper. Formerly known as ''Teesside Gazette'', the website, mobile app and social media accounts changed to ''TeessideLive'' on 5 June 2018. ''The Gazette'' is the most popular daily newspaper in Teesside, and has been an integral part of life in the area since 1869, when it was founded as the ''North-Eastern Daily Gazette'' by the Scot, and eventual Liberal Member of Parliament for Aston Manor, Hugh Gilzean Reid. It was also at this time, that a first premises were established on Zetland Road, Middlesbrough. Historical copies of the ''Daily Gazette'', dating back to 1870, are available to search and view in digitised form at The British Newspaper Archive. Later The Gazette Media Company Ltd who also publish the free '' Herald & Post'' newspaper. The ''Teesside Gazette'' occupied ...
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Scrutineer
A scrutineer (also called a poll-watcher or a challenger in the United States) is a person who observes any process which requires rigorous oversight. Scrutineers have the tasks of preventing the occurrence of corruption and of detecting genuine mistakes. The scrutineering process takes place most commonly alongside voting in an election; the scrutineer observes the counting of ballot papers, in order to ensure that election rules are followed. There are other uses of the concept, such as in motorsport, when a scrutineer is responsible for ensuring that vehicles meet the technical regulations. Politics Rules vary concerning the number of scrutineers from a political party who are allowed to be present at each polling station. In some jurisdictions, each candidate or party may have one scrutineer or poll-watcher per constituency or precinct where voting or counting takes place. In other jurisdictions, such as in Australia and in Canada, each party is permitted to appoint ...
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Personation
Personation (rather than ''im''personation) is a primarily- legal term, meaning 'to assume the identity of another person with intent to deceive'. It is often used for the kind of voter fraud where an individual votes in an election, whilst pretending to be a different elector. It is also used when charging a person who portrays themselves as a police officer. Personation appears as a crime in the Canadian Criminal Code with the meaning simply of impersonation. In the U.S., the New York State Penal Law defines the crime of false personation as simply the act of pretending to be another, a Class B misdemeanor; those who assume the identity of another in order to further another crime can be charged with second-degree criminal impersonation, a Class A misdemeanor. Posing as a police officer for any reason, or as a physician in order to forge a prescription or otherwise obtain substances so controlled, is first-degree criminal impersonation, a Class E felony. Many jurisdictions a ...
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Leeds Mercury
The ''Leeds Mercury'' was a newspaper published in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It was published from 1718 to 1755 and again from 1767. Initially it consisted of 12 pages and cost three halfpennies. In 1794 it had a circulation of about 3,000 copies, and in 1797 the cost rose to sixpence because of increased stamp duty. It appeared weekly until 1855, then three times a week until 1861 when stamp duty was abolished and it became a daily paper costing one penny. Edward Baines (1774–1848) bought the paper in 1801, and his son Sir Edward Baines (1800–1890) succeeded him as editor and proprietor. In 1923 the ''Leeds Mercury'' was acquired by the Yorkshire Conservative Newspaper Company Limited (now Yorkshire Post Newspapers), publishers of the ''Yorkshire Post'', but it continued to be published as a separate title until 26 November 1939, after which a combined paper was published as the ''Yorkshire Post'' with the ''Mercury'' name kept as a subtitle for some years. The mer ...
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Irish National League
The Irish National League (INL) was a nationalist political party in Ireland. It was founded on 17 October 1882 by Charles Stewart Parnell as the successor to the Irish National Land League after this was suppressed. Whereas the Land League had agitated for land reform, the National League also campaigned for self-government or Irish Home Rule, further enfranchisement and economic reforms. The League was the main base of support for the Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP), and under Parnell's leadership, it grew quickly to over 1,000 branches throughout the island. In 1884, the League secured the support of the Roman Catholic Church in Ireland. Its secretary was Timothy Harrington who organised the Plan of Campaign in 1886. The Irish League was effectively controlled by the Parliamentary Party, which in turn was controlled by Parnell, who chaired a small group of MPs who vetted and imposed candidates on constituencies. In December 1890 both the INL and the IPP split on the i ...
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Eccles, Greater Manchester
Eccles () is a town in the City of Salford in Greater Manchester, England, west of Salford and west of Manchester, split by the M602 motorway and bordered by the Manchester Ship Canal to the south. The town is famous for the Eccles cake. Eccles grew around the 13th-century Parish Church of St Mary. Evidence of pre-historic human settlement has been discovered locally, but the area was predominantly agricultural until the Industrial Revolution, when a textile industry was established in the town. The arrival of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, the world's first passenger railway, led to the town's expansion along the route of the track linking those two cities. History Toponymy The derivation of the name is uncertain, but two suggestion have been proposed. The received one is that the "Eccles" place-name is derived from the Romano-British ''Ecles'' or ''Eglys'' ("eglwys" in Welsh means "church"), which in turn is derived from the Ancient Greek Ecclesia via th ...
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