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1787 In Scotland
Events from the year 1787 in Scotland. Incumbents Law officers * Lord Advocate – Ilay Campbell * Solicitor General for Scotland – Robert Dundas of Arniston Judiciary * Lord President of the Court of Session – Lord Arniston, the younger until 13 December; then from 22 December, Lord Glenlee * Lord Justice General – The Viscount Stormont * Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Barskimming, then Lord Braxfield Events * 11 January – new Assembly Rooms opened in George Street, Edinburgh. * 27 January – Bridge of Dun completed. * 1 February – New Club, Edinburgh, founded as a private gentlemen's club. * June ** Patrick Miller of Dalswinton demonstrates his design of manually-propelled paddleboat on the Firth of Forth. ** Kennetpans Distillery begins to operate a condensing rotative stationary steam engine designed by James Watt, the first in Scotland. * Summer – Calton weavers' strike. On 3 September, six of the Calton weavers are killed by troops. * 1 D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Club, Edinburgh
The New Club is a private social club in the New Town area of Edinburgh, Scotland. Founded in 1787, it is Scotland's oldest club. The club occupied premises on St Andrew Square from 1809 until 1837, when it moved to purpose-built rooms on Princes Street. The 1837 building was replaced with a modern building to a design by Reiach and Hall, which is protected as a category A listed building. Women were admitted in 1970, and offered full membership from 2010. History The New Club was founded on 1 February 1787, three weeks after the idea had been conceived at a Caledonian Hunt Ball held at the New Assembly Rooms in George Street. The club was originally located in Bayle’s Tavern on Shakespeare Square, at the east end of Princes Street, which was demolished in the early 1800s. After the death of Jean Bayle in 1802, some thought was given to taking over the tavern, but the purchase of a property in St Andrew Square was the preferred course of action. Having abandoned the tav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kerelaw House
Kerelaw House was part of the former Kerelaw Estate situated on the west coast of Ayrshire, Scotland, in the town of Stevenston. History The house was built in the Palladian architecture, neo-Palladian styleDavis, p. 292. in 1787 by Lieut.-Col. Alexander Hamilton (a relative of one of the Alexander Hamilton, Founding Fathers of the United States of the same name).''Kerelaw House'', from ''The Kilmarnock Standard'', 5 April 1924Chapter 7 - General Alexander Hamilton, ''First Treasurer, U.S.A.'' p. 54 - 56. Hamilton died in 1837 without issue and left considerable debts. Captain Logan Neely (Nephew of Hamiltion) inherited and was forced to sell the mansion house to Gavin Fullarton, Esq., a retired West Indies merchant, in 1838 along with the rest of the Kerelaw Estate including Kerelaw Castle. The Fullarton family were a cadet branch of the ancient family of the Fullartons of Kilmichael, Isle of Arran, Kirkmichael, in Arran, who held their charter from the days of Robert the Bruc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Dale
David Dale (6 January 1739–7 March 1806) was a leading Scottish industrialist, merchant and philanthropist during the Scottish Enlightenment period at the end of the 18th century. He was a successful entrepreneur in a number of areas, most notably in the cotton-spinning industry, and was the founder of the cotton mills in New Lanark, where he provided social and educational conditions in advance of anywhere else in Britain. New Lanark attracted visitors from all over the world. Robert Owen, who married Dale's daughter, Caroline, in 1799, used New Lanark to develop his theories about communitarian living, education and character formation. Scottish historian Tom Devine described Dale as "the greatest cotton magnate of his time in Scotland". Early career Dale was born in Stewarton, Ayrshire on 6 January 1739, son of William Dale (1708–1796), a general dealer in the village, and Martha Dunlop (1719–1796). His date of birth is normally given as 6 January but there is no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cotton Mill
A cotton mill is a building that houses spinning or weaving machinery for the production of yarn or cloth from cotton, an important product during the Industrial Revolution in the development of the factory system. Although some were driven by animal power, most early mills were built in rural areas at fast-flowing rivers and streams, and used water wheels for power. The development of viable steam engines by Boulton and Watt from 1781 led to the growth of larger, steam-powered mills. They were built in a concentrated way in urban mill towns, such as Manchester. Together with neighbouring Salford, it had more than 50 mills by 1802. The mechanisation of the spinning process in the early factories was instrumental in the growth of the machine tool industry, enabling the construction of larger cotton mills. Limited companies were developed to construct mills, and together with the business of the trading floors of the cotton exchange in Manchester, a vast commercial cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
River Ayr
The River Ayr (pronounced like ''air'', ''Uisge Àir'' in Gaelic) is a river in Ayrshire, Scotland. At it is the longest river in the county. The river was held as sacred by pre-Christian cultures. The remains of several prehistoric sacrificial horse burials have been found along its banks, mainly concentrated around the town of Ayr. Etymology The name ''Ayr'' may come from a pre-Celtic word meaning "watercourse". ''Ayr'' could also be of Brittonic derivation, perhaps from the element ''*ar'', an ancient river-name element implying horizontal movement. The town of Ayr was formerly known as ''Inver Ayr'' meaning "mouth of the Ayr" (see Inver), but this was later shortened to just ''Ayr''. Geography The River Ayr has a catchment area of . The river originates at Glenbuck Loch in East Ayrshire, close to the border with Lanarkshire. It winds its way through East and South Ayrshire to its mouth at the town of Ayr, where it empties into the Firth of Clyde. On its way, the rive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catrine
Catrine is a village in the heart of East Ayrshire in Scotland, which was formerly a centre of cotton manufacture. It had a population of around in . Geography The village lies on the River Ayr which previously provided water power for local industry. It is in the parish of Sorn, East Ayrshire, Sorn, south east of Mauchline. Catrine is surrounded by woods, fields and hills. There is Ballochmyle golf course that sits just outside of Catrine. There is also Ballochmyle house (18th century mansion) that overlooks Catrine. Transport The A76 road lies south west of Catrine. A railway branch line to Catrine (Glasgow and South Western Railway, Glasgow & South Western Railway) was one of the last to be built in Scotland in the 20th century. Catrine's station opened in 1903. The line closed to scheduled passenger services in 1943, although it continued to be used for freight and the occasional enthusiast railtour until the 1960s when the line was closed. History Catrine lies at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kinnaird Head Lighthouse
There are two lighthouses located on Kinnaird Head, in Fraserburgh, Scotland: a historical one built in a converted castle; and its modern replacement, built in 1991. The original lighthouse now forms part of the Museum of Scottish Lighthouses. The museum collection includes technical equipment relating to lighthouse illumination, navigation, and way making, as well as personal effects and small items that belonged to individual lightkeepers, including uniforms and hand-made model ships. Archival documents and photography from the operation of the lighthouse by the Northern Lighthouse Board are also part of the museum collection. The entire collection was recognised as nationally significant by the Scottish Government in June 2007. Construction The original light at Kinnaird Head Lighthouse was established by Thomas Smith on 1 December 1787. A lantern was set above the sea on a tower of the old castle. Whale oil lamps produced a fixed light, each backed by a parabolic reflecto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calton Weavers
The Calton weavers were a community of handweavers established in the community of Calton, then in Lanarkshire just outside Glasgow, Scotland in the 18th century. In 1787 the weavers went on strike. Troops opened fire on the demonstrators and six weavers were killed. In the early 19th century, many of the weavers emigrated to Canada, settling in Carleton Place and other communities in eastern Ontario, where they continued their trade. Origins In 1705, Walkinshaw of Barrowfield bought some pastureland from the community of Glasgow, then known by the name of Blackfauld, on which he started to establish a weaving village. Walkinshaw was involved in the 1715 Jacobite rising, which ruined him. Glasgow Town Council reacquired the land in 1723, naming the area Calton, a name retained when Glasgow sold Calton to the Orr family in 1730. The land lay on the east bank of the River Clyde just upstream of Glasgow. Although close to the center of modern Glasgow, Calton was an independent v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calton Weavers' Strike
The Calton weavers' strike of 1787 was the earliest major industrial dispute in Scottish history, when troops fired on demonstrators, killing six. The Calton weavers became Scotland's first working-class martyrs. Ultimately the strike contributed to a workers movement which achieved fundamental changes in the relationship between workforce and employers. The Calton Weavers massacre of 1787 is commemorated in a panel by Scottish artist Ken Currie in the People's Palace, Glasgow, People's Palace, Glasgow, commissioned on the 200th anniversary of the event. Calton, Glasgow, Calton at the time of the strike was a handweaving community just outside Glasgow in Scotland. At the peak of Calton's prosperity, wages had risen to nearly £100 a year and weavers had risen to high places in society. However, mechanization and growth in the labor force had since then severely depressed wages. In the summer of 1787, the journeymen weavers of Calton marched in organized processions through the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Scotsman
''The Scotsman'' is a Scottish compact (newspaper), compact newspaper and daily news website headquartered in Edinburgh. First established as a radical political paper in 1817, it began daily publication in 1855 and remained a broadsheet until August 2004. Its parent company, National World, also publishes the ''Edinburgh Evening News''. It had an audited print circulation of 8,762 for July to December 2022. Its website, Scotsman.com, had an average of 138,000 unique visitors a day as of 2017. The title celebrated its bicentenary on 25 January 2017. History ''The Scotsman'' was conceived in 1816 and first launched on 25 January 1817 as a liberal weekly newspaper by lawyer William Ritchie (Newspaper Editor), William Ritchie and customs official Charles Maclaren in response to the "unblushing subservience" of competing newspapers to the Edinburgh establishment. These two plus John Ramsay McCulloch were co-founders of the venture. The paper was pledged to "impartiality, firm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Watt
James Watt (; 30 January 1736 (19 January 1736 OS) – 25 August 1819) was a Scottish inventor, mechanical engineer, and chemist who improved on Thomas Newcomen's 1712 Newcomen steam engine with his Watt steam engine in 1776, which was fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both his native Great Britain and the rest of the world. While working as an instrument maker at the University of Glasgow, Watt became interested in the technology of steam engines. At the time engineers such as John Smeaton were aware of the inefficiencies of Newcomen's engine and aimed to improve it. Watt's insight was to realise that contemporary engine designs wasted a great deal of energy by repeatedly cooling and reheating the cylinder. Watt introduced a design enhancement, the separate condenser, which avoided this waste of energy and radically improved the power, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of steam engines. Eventually, he adapted his engine to produce rot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
