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1634 In Science
The year 1634 in science and technology involved some significant events. Astronomy * Johannes Kepler's fictional account of the view from the Moon '' Somnium'' (written 1608) is published posthumously by his son. Botany * Thomas Johnson begins publishing ''Mercurius Botanicus'', including a list of indigenous British plants. Mathematics * Gilles de Roberval shows that the area under a cycloid is three times the area of its generating circle. Medicine * Louise Bourgeois Boursier publishes her ''Collection of Secrets'' on obstetrics in Paris, including techniques such as podalic version. Zoology * Publication of ''Insectorum sive Minimorum Animalium Theatrum'' in London, compiled posthumously from the work of Edward Wotton, Conrad Gesner and Thomas Penny by Thomas Muffet and prepared for publication by Théodore de Mayerne. Institutions * The ''Académie Française'' is formed by Cardinal Richelieu (it will be formally established in 1635). Births Deaths * February 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Muffet
Thomas Muffet (also Moufet, Mouffet, or Moffet) (1553 – 5 June 1604) was an English naturalist and physician. He is best known his study of insects and arthropods in regard to medicine (particularly spiders), his support of the Paracelsian system of medicine, and his emphasis on the importance of experience over reputation in the field of medicine. He was an Anti-papist due to his Puritan beliefs. Biography Early life and education Thomas Muffet was born in 1553 as the second son to haberdasher Thomas Moffet, in Shoreditch, London. From the ages 8 to 16, Muffet attended the Merchant Taylors' School. In May 1569, he matriculated at Trinity College, Cambridge, but transferred to Gonville Hall in October 1572. He graduated in 1573, when he received his bachelor's degree. Afterward, Muffet studied medicine with Thomas Lorkin and John Caius. Three years later, he began his master's degree at Trinity, for which he was expelled from Gonville by the master Thomas Legge. In Spring 157 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marin Le Bourgeoys
Marin le Bourgeoys (c. 1550–1634) was a French artist and inventor, known for inventing a flintlock mechanism that was used in firearms for over two centuries. Life Marin le Bourgeoys was born into a noted artisan family in Lisieux, in Normandy, France. He was probably initially trained as a painter. He later attained fame not only as an artist, but as a gunsmith, inventor, and luthier. In 1598, his talents attracted King Henry IV, and he was appointed Valet de Chambre in the Royal Court. In 1608, he was granted rooms in the Grand Gallery of the Louvre. He produced artwork, firearms, air guns, crossbows, and movable globes. He continued in royal service under the reign of King Louis XIII. Sometime between 1610 and 1615 it is believed that he created the first "true" flintlock ignited firearm, which was an improvement on earlier flintlock systems. One feature of Marin le Bourgeoys' lock was that it had a half cocked position, from which the weapon could be loaded but would not f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1568 In Science
{{Science year nav, 1568 The year 1568 in science and technology involved some significant events. Botany * Orto Botanico di Bologna botanical garden is created under the direction of Ulisse Aldrovandi. Medicine * ''Ane Breve Descriptioun of the Pest'' by Gilbert Skene, the first Scottish medical book, is published. Births * October 2 – Marin Getaldić, Ragusan mathematician (died 1626) * ''date unknown'' – Nikolaus Ager, French botanist (died 1634) Deaths * July 13 – William Turner, English naturalist (born c. 1508) * Garcia de Orta, Portuguese physician (born c. 1501 Year 1501 ( MDI) was a common year starting on Friday in the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 17 – Cesar Borgia returns triumphantly to Rome, from Romagna. * February 1 – The Duchy of Bavaria-Dachau, c ...) 1568 16th century in science 1560s in science ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botanist
Botany, also called plant science, is the branch of natural science and biology studying plants, especially Plant anatomy, their anatomy, Plant taxonomy, taxonomy, and Plant ecology, ecology. A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who specialises in this field. "Plant" and "botany" may be defined more narrowly to include only land plants and their study, which is also known as phytology. Phytologists or botanists (in the strict sense) study approximately 410,000 species of Embryophyte, land plants, including some 391,000 species of vascular plants (of which approximately 369,000 are flowering plants) and approximately 20,000 bryophytes. Botany originated as history of herbalism#Prehistory, prehistoric herbalism to identify and later cultivate plants that were edible, poisonous, and medicinal, making it one of the first endeavours of human investigation. Medieval physic gardens, often attached to Monastery, monasteries, contained plants possibly having medicinal benefit. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French People
French people () are a nation primarily located in Western Europe that share a common Culture of France, French culture, History of France, history, and French language, language, identified with the country of France. The French people, especially the native speakers of langues d'oïl from northern and central France, are primarily descended from Roman people, Romans (or Gallo-Romans, western European Celts, Celtic and Italic peoples), Gauls (including the Belgae), as well as Germanic peoples such as the Franks, the Visigoths, the Suebi and the Burgundians who settled in Gaul from east of the Rhine after the fall of the Roman Empire, as well as various later waves of lower-level irregular migration that have continued to the present day. The Norsemen also settled in Normandy in the 10th century and contributed significantly to the ancestry of the Normans. Furthermore, regional ethnic minorities also exist within France that have distinct lineages, languages and cultures such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolaus Ager
Nikolaus Ager, name also spelled Nicolas Ager and sometimes referred to as Agerius (1568, Ittenheim – 26 June 1634, Strasbourg) was a physician and botanist born in Alsace. He was the author of the treatise "De Anima Vegetativa" (1629).Google Books The Biographical Dictionary, Volume 1, Issue 2 He studied medicine in , subsequently obtaining doctorates in medicine and philosophy in Strasbourg. In 1618 he became a professor of medicine and botany at Strasbourg.Deutsche Biographie /ref> During his career, he worked closely with famed botanists |
1560 In Science
The year 1560 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed here. Events * The first scientific society, the Academia Secretorum Naturae, is founded in Naples by Giambattista della Porta. Astronomy * August 21 – A total solar eclipse is observable in Europe. Biology * The Old Botanical Garden, Zurich, originates as Conrad Gessner's private herbarium. Births * January 17 – Gaspard Bauhin, Swiss botanist (died 1624) * June 25 – Wilhelm Fabry, German surgeon (died 1634) * ''undated'' – Charles Butler, English beekeeper (died 1647) * ''approx date'' ** Thomas Harriot, English ethnographer, astronomer and mathematician (died 1621) ** Hugh Myddelton, Welsh-born goldsmith and hydraulic engineer Hydraulic engineering as a sub-discipline of civil engineering is concerned with the flow and conveyance of fluids, principally water and sewage. One feature of these systems is the extensive use of gravity as the motive force to caus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surgeon
In medicine, a surgeon is a medical doctor who performs surgery. Even though there are different traditions in different times and places, a modern surgeon is a licensed physician and received the same medical training as physicians before specializing in surgery. In some countries and jurisdictions, the title of 'surgeon' is restricted to maintain the integrity of the craft group in the medical profession. A specialist regarded as a legally recognized surgeon includes podiatry, dentistry, and veterinary medicine. It is estimated that surgeons perform over 300 million surgical procedures globally each year. History The first person to document a surgery was the 6th century BC Indian physician-surgeon, Sushruta. He specialized in cosmetic plastic surgery and even documented an open rhinoplasty procedure.Papel, Ira D. and Frodel, John (2008) ''Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery''. Thieme Medical Pub. His Masterpiece, magnum opus ''Suśruta-saṃhitā'' is one of the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total population of over 84 million in an area of , making it the most populous member state of the European Union. It borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. The Capital of Germany, nation's capital and List of cities in Germany by population, most populous city is Berlin and its main financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr. Settlement in the territory of modern Germany began in the Lower Paleolithic, with various tribes inhabiting it from the Neolithic onward, chiefly the Celts. Various Germanic peoples, Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Fabry
Wilhelm Fabry (also William Fabry, Guilelmus Fabricius Hildanus, or Fabricius von Hilden) (25 June 1560 − 15 February 1634), often called the "Father of German surgery", was the first educated and scientific German surgeon. He is one of the most prominent scholars in the iatromechanics school and author of 20 medical books. His , published posthumously in 1641, is the best collection of case records of the century and gives clear insight into the variety and methods of his surgical practice. He developed novel surgical techniques and new surgical instruments. He also wrote a notable treatise on burns. Fabry was born in Hilden. In 1579, he became () in Düsseldorf of the extraordinary court surgeon Cosmas Slot. He developed a device for operating eye tumours. On 25 July 1587, he married Marie Colinet (or ''Fabry''), daughter of Eustache Colinet, a Genevese printer. She was a Swiss midwife–surgeon who improved the techniques of cesarean section delivery. She helped her husb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1635 In Science
The year 1635 in science and technology involved some significant events. Botany * Jardin des Plantes, Paris, planted as a physic garden by Guy de La Brosse. Publication * Guillaume de Baillou's ''Opera medica omnia'', Paris. Births * May 9 – J. J. Becher, German physician and chemist (died 1682) * July 18 – Robert Hooke, English scientist and inventor (died 1703) * November 22 – Francis Willughby, English ornithologist and ichthyologist (died 1672) Deaths * September 16 – Metius, Dutch mathematician (born 1571) * October 22 – Wilhelm Schickard, German professor of Hebrew and Astronomy (born 1592) * John Mason, English explorer (born 1586 Events January – March * January 3 – Augustus of Wettin, the Elector of Saxony, marries Agnes Hedwig of Anhalt, the 12-year-old daughter of Joachim Ernest, Prince of Anhalt. Augustus dies less than six weeks later. * January ...) References {{Reflist, 80em 1635 17th century in science 1630s in sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
