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156th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)
The 156th Rifle Division was first formed as an infantry division of the Red Army in August 1939 in the Crimea, part of the Odessa Military District, based on the ''shtat'' (table of organization and equipment) that would become official the following month. It was still in the Crimea when the German invasion began in June 1941, as part of 9th Rifle Corps, which was subordinated to 51st Army in August. As one of two regular rifle divisions in the peninsula it was given responsibility for defending the well-fortified Isthmus of Perekop as Axis forces arrived from Ukraine in September. After several days of heavy fighting late that month against forces of the German 11th Army the 156th was forced to retreat from its positions along the Tatar Wall, falling back to the rear defense line near Ishun with the loss of most of one regiment. In late October the second stage of the offensive began, and within days 51st Army and the reinforcing Separate Coastal Army were in full retreat, dur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Army Flag
Red is the color at the long wavelength end of the visible spectrum of light, next to Orange (colour), orange and opposite Violet (color), violet. It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–750 nanometres. It is a primary color in the RGB color model and a secondary color (made from magenta and yellow) in the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan. Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged Scarlet (color), scarlet and Vermilion, vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy (color), burgundy. Red pigment made from ochre was one of the first colors used in prehistoric art. The Ancient Egyptians and Mayan civilization, Mayans colored their faces red in ceremonies; Roman Empire, Roman generals had their bodies colored red to celebrate victories. It was also an important color in China, where it was used to color early pottery and later the gates and walls of palaces. In the Renaissance, the brillian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
9th Rifle Corps
The 9th Rifle Corps was a corps of the Red Army. Located in Simferopol during the beginning of the war in the east. History The corps headquarters was formed in accordance with orders of the North Caucasus Military District of 6 June and 26 August 1922. Its headquarters was initially located at Grozny, then relocated to Vladikavkaz in January 1923 and thence to Novocherkassk in August 1925. The corps included the 13th Rifle Division for the disarmament of population of Dagestan in August 1925 and the 9th Rifle Division for the suppression of Karachay rebels between April and May 1930. In May 1932 the corps headquarters was relocated to Krasnodar, where it remained until 1941. In late May 1941 the corps was relocated to Crimea with headquarters at Simferopol. At the beginning of the war the corps was re-organized as the new 51st Army. The corps was re-created in August than in May 1942 it was disbanded. In 1942 it was reformed yet again than assigned to the 9th Army later i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st Baltic Front
The First Baltic Front ( Russian: Пéрвый Прибалтийский фронт) was a major formation of the Red Army during the Second World War. It was commanded by Army General Andrey Yeryomenko, succeeded by Army General Bagramyan. It was formed by renaming the Kalinin Front on 12 October 1943, and took part in several important military operations, most notably Bagration in the summer of 1944. The 1st Baltic Front also assisted in lifting the siege of Leningrad on 27 January 1944, as well as in Operation Samland, at that time known as the Samland Group, captured Königsberg in April 1945.Jukes. Stalin's Generals, p. 30 Composition As of 23 June 1944, the First Baltic Front consisted of the following units and their commanders: Baltic Front, led by front commander Army General Hovhannes Bagramyan 4th Shock Army, led by General-Lieutenant Pyotr Malyshev * 83rd Rifle Corps 6th Guards Army, led by General Lieutenant Ivan Chistyakov * 2nd Guards Rifle Corps *22 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smolensk
Smolensk is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River, west-southwest of Moscow. First mentioned in 863, it is one of the oldest cities in Russia. It has been a regional capital for most of the past millennium, beginning as the capital of an eponymous principality in the 11th-15th centuries, then the Smolensk Voivodeship of Lithuania and Poland, and Smolensk Governorate and Oblast within Russia. It was the main stronghold of the Smolensk Gate, a geostrategically significant pass between the Daugava and Dnieper rivers, and as such was an important point of contention in the struggle for dominance in Eastern Europe, passing at various times between Lithuania, Poland and Russia. In more recent history, it was captured by Napoleon's Franco–Polish forces and Hitler's Germany during their marches towards Moscow, and was the place of the Smolensk air disaster of 2010. It has a population of Etymology The name of the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Front (Soviet Union)
The Western Front was a front of the Red Army, one of the Red Army Fronts during World War II. The Western Front was created on 22 June 1941 from the Western Special Military District (which before July 1940 was known as Belorussian Special Military District). The first Front Commander was Dmitry Pavlov (continuing from his position as District Commander since June 1940). The western boundary of the Front in June 1941 was long, from the southern border of Lithuania to the Pripyat River and the town of Włodawa. It connected with the adjacent North-Western Front, which extended from the Lithuanian border to the Baltic Sea, and the Southwestern Front in Ukraine. Operational history Front dispositions 22 June 1941 The 1939 partition of Poland according to the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact established a new western border with no permanent defense installations, and the army deployment within the Front created weak flanks. At the outbreak of war with Germany, the Western Spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reserve Of The Supreme High Command
The Reserve of the Supreme High Command (Russian: Резерв Верховного Главнокомандования; also known as the '' Stavka'' Reserve or RVGK () or RGK ( comprises reserve military formations and units; the ''Stavka'' Reserve acted as the principal military reserve of the Soviet Red Army during World War II, and the RVGK now operates as part of the Russian Armed Forces under the control of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Armed Forces () — the President of the Russian Federation. History World War II Forces from the Reserve were assigned by the '' Stavka'' (Supreme High Command) to individual '' fronts'' (army groups) that were conducting major operations. These formations were designed to support any forms of operations but especially penetrations and exploitations in accordance with the Soviet deep battle doctrine. Beginning in 1943, the formations and units in the Reserve ranged from battalions to whole armies (e.g. the Reserv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
68th Army (Soviet Union)
The 68th Army was a field army of the Soviet Union, Soviet Union's Red Army. It was formed in February 1943 from the headquarters of the 57th Army (Soviet Union), 57th Army and fought in the Battle of Demyansk (1943) and the Staraya-Russa Offensive (1943), part of Operation Polyarnaya Zvezda. After spending several months in reserve, the army fought in the Battle of Smolensk (1943) between August and October. The army was disbanded in November and its troops became part of the 5th Army (Soviet Union), 5th Army. History Operation Polyarnaya Zvezda The 68th Army was formed on 1 February 1943 based on a Stavka directive dated 30 January, from the headquarters of the 57th Army. It consisted of the 37th Rifle Division, the 1st Guards Airborne Division, 1st Guards, 5th Guards Airborne Division, 5th Guards, 7th Guards Airborne Division, 7th Guards, 8th Guards Airborne Division, 8th Guards, and 10th Guards Airborne Division, 10th Guards Airborne Divisions, the 32nd, 33rd, and 137th R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow Military District
The Order of Lenin Moscow Military District () is a Military districts of Russia, military district of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Originally it was a district of the Imperial Russian Army until the Russian Empire's collapse in 1917. It was then part of the Soviet Armed Forces. The district was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1968. In 2010, it was merged with the Leningrad Military District to form the new Western Military District. In December 2022, Ministry of Defence (Russia), Defense Minister Sergey Shoigu proposed to reestablish it along with the Leningrad Military District, a decision confirmed in June 2023 by Chief of the General Staff (Russia), Deputy Chief of the General Staff Yevgeny Burdinsky (general), Yevgeny Burdinsky. The district was formally reconstituted on 26 February 2024 by a Presidential Decree №141, after the Western Military District was split. Colonel General Sergey Kuzovlev took over as the new district's commander on 15 May 2024. The Mosco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Don (river)
The Don () is the List of rivers of Europe#Rivers of Europe by length, fifth-longest river in Europe. Flowing from Central Russia to the Sea of Azov in Southern Russia, it is one of List of rivers of Russia, Russia's largest rivers and played an important role for traders from the Byzantine Empire. Its basin is between the Dnieper basin to the west, the lower Volga basin immediately to the east, and the Oka River, Oka basin (tributary of the Volga) to the north. Native to much of the basin were Slavic nomads. The Don rises in the town of Novomoskovsk, Russia, Novomoskovsk southeast of Tula, Russia, Tula (in turn south of Moscow), and flows 1,870 kilometres to the Sea of Azov. The river's upper half meanders subtly south; however, its lower half consists of a great eastern curve, including Voronezh, making its final stretch, an estuary, run boxing the compass, west south-west. The main city on the river is Rostov-on-Don. Its main tributary is the Donets, Seversky Donets, c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kerch Strait
The Kerch Strait is a strait in Eastern Europe. It connects the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, separating the Kerch Peninsula of Crimea in the west from the Taman Peninsula of Russia's Krasnodar Krai in the east. The strait is to wide and up to deep. The most important harbor, the Crimean city of Kerch, gives its name to the strait, formerly known as the Cimmerian Bosporus or Straits of Taman. It has also been called the Straits of Yenikale after the Yeni-Kale fortress in Kerch. Taman, Russia, Taman, the most important settlement on the Taman Peninsula side of the strait, sits on Taman Bay, which is separated from the main Kerch Strait by the Chushka Spit to the north and the former Tuzla Spit to the south; the Tuzla Spit is now Tuzla Island, connected to the Taman Peninsula by a 2003 Russian-built dam, and to mainland Crimea by the Crimean Bridge opened in 2018. A major cargo port is under construction near Taman. History Greek and Roman records The straits are about ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Separate Coastal Army
The Separate Coastal Army (), also translated to English as Independent Coastal Army, was an army-level unit in the Red Army that fought in World War II. It was established on July 18, 1941, by the order of the Southern Front from the forces of 9th Army’s Coastal Group and was stood up on July 20, 1941. 1st formation Odessa At the beginning of the war the Soviet 9th Army was engaged in heavy fighting along the southern front of the Axis invasion of Southern Russia, retreating towards Odessa. On August 5, 1941 Stavka ordered the Coastal Army to defend the city of Odessa as long as possible. The army established a defense on the approaches to the city and engaged the Fourth Romanian Army, who was advancing towards the city, beginning August 10, 1941. On August 1, 1941, the Coastal Army comprised the 14th Rifle Corps, consisting of two Rifle Divisions, and miscellaneous units. On August 20, 1941 STAVKA reassigned the Army from the Southern Front to STAVKA’s direct subor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krasnoperekopsk
Krasnoperekopsk () or Yany Kapu (; ) is a city in Crimea. Following the 2014 annexation of Crimea, it was incorporated into Russia's Republic of Crimea. However, a majority of countries recognises the territory as part of Ukraine within the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. It is the administrative center of Krasnoperekopsk Raion. Administratively is not a part of the ''raion'' (district) and is incorporated separately as a town of regional significance. Population: It is located on the southern part of the Perekop Isthmus, on the shore of the , and about from the Crimean capital, Simferopol. It lies on the Dzhankoi-Kherson railroad line (one of the two railroad lines connecting the Crimea and the rest of the continent). History The city was founded as Bromzavod () in 1932 as an industrial settlement for the bromine factory constructed near the (Crimean Tatar name: Tuzla gölü, Тузла голю, Lake Tuzla, "Salty lake"). In 1936, the settlement became known as Krasno-Pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
