|
1321 Deaths
Year 1321 ( MCCCXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. Events January – March * January 19 – King Edward II of England appoints the Archbishop of York; the Bishops of Carlisle, Worcester, and Winchester; the Earls of Pembroke, Hereford and Badlesmere; and six other people to negotiate with Scotland for a final peace treaty or an extension of the Pembroke treaty of 1319 before its expiration on Christmas Day. * January 20 – The English Parliament appoints a commission to inquire about illegal confederacies in Wales against the King.Sir James H. Ramsay, ''Genesis of Lancaster'' (Clarendon Press, 1913) pp. 114–115 *January 30 – The Welsh Earls of Hereford, Arundel and Surrey, and 26 other people are forbidden from attending any meetings to discuss matters affecting King Edward II. *February 10 – By papal verdict announced in the Polish town of Brześć, the Teutonic Knights are ordered to return the coastal region ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dominican Order
The Order of Preachers (, abbreviated OP), commonly known as the Dominican Order, is a Catholic Church, Catholic mendicant order of pontifical right that was founded in France by a Castilians, Castilian priest named Saint Dominic, Dominic de Guzmán. It was approved by Pope Honorius III via the papal bull on 22 December 1216. Members of the order, who are referred to as Dominicans, generally display the letters ''OP'' after their names, standing for , meaning 'of the Order of Preachers'. Membership in the order includes friars, nuns, Religious sister (Catholic), active sisters, and Laity, lay or secular Dominicans (formerly known as Third Order of Saint Dominic, tertiaries). More recently, there have been a growing number of associates of the religious sisters who are unrelated to the tertiaries. Founded to preach the The gospel, gospel and to oppose heresy, the teaching activity of the order and its scholastic organisation placed it at the forefront of the intellectual life of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andronikos III Palaiologos
Andronikos III Palaiologos (; 25 March 1297 – 15 June 1341), commonly Latinized as Andronicus III Palaeologus, was the Byzantine emperor from 1328 to 1341. He was the son of Michael IX Palaiologos and Rita of Armenia. He was proclaimed co-emperor in his youth, before 1313, and in April 1321 he rebelled against his grandfather, Andronikos II Palaiologos. He was formally crowned co-emperor in February 1325, before ousting his grandfather outright and becoming sole emperor on 24 May 1328. His reign included the last failed attempts to hold back the Ottoman Turks in Bithynia and the defeat at Rusokastro against the Bulgarians, but also the successful recovery of Chios, Lesbos, Phocaea, Thessaly, and Epirus. His early death left a power vacuum that resulted in the disastrous civil war between his widow, Anna of Savoy, and his closest friend and supporter, John VI Kantakouzenos, leading to the establishment of the Serbian Empire and the entry of the Ottoman Empire into the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centred on Constantinople during late antiquity and the Middle Ages. Having survived History of the Roman Empire, the events that caused the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th centuryAD, it endured until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453. The term 'Byzantine Empire' was coined only after its demise; its citizens used the term 'Roman Empire' and called themselves 'Romans'. During the early centuries of the Roman Empire, the western provinces were Romanization (cultural), Latinised, but the eastern parts kept their Hellenistic culture. Constantine the Great, Constantine I () legalised Christianity and moved the capital to Constantinople. Theodosius I, Theodosius I () made Christianity the state religion and Greek gradually replaced Latin for official use. The empire adopted a defensive strategy and, throughout its remaining history, expe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantine Civil War Of 1321–1328
The Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328 was a series of conflicts between the Byzantine emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos and his grandson Andronikos III Palaiologos over control of the Byzantine Empire. Prelude to the civil war Michael IX was the son of Andronikos II, and was co-ruler and next in line for succession. He was also the father of Andronikos III and of another son named Manuel. In 1320, Andronikos III accidentally caused the death of his brother Manuel, after which their father died in his grief. The homicide and the general dissolute behavior of Andronikos III and his coterie, mostly the young scions of the great aristocratic clans of the Empire, resulted in a deep rift in the relations between young Andronikos and his grandfather. 1321: First conflict Andronikos III had many supporters, chief among them John Kantakouzenos and Syrgiannes Palaiologos, who bought themselves governorships in Thrace, where discontent with the old emperor was high. On Easter 1321, Andr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Easter
Easter, also called Pascha ( Aramaic: פַּסְחָא , ''paskha''; Greek: πάσχα, ''páskha'') or Resurrection Sunday, is a Christian festival and cultural holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, described in the New Testament as having occurred on the third day of his burial following his crucifixion by the Romans at Calvary . It is the culmination of the Passion of Jesus, preceded by Lent (or Great Lent), a 40-day period of fasting, prayer, and penance. Easter-observing Christians commonly refer to the last week of Lent, before Easter, as Holy Week, which in Western Christianity begins on Palm Sunday (marking the entrance of Jesus in Jerusalem), includes Spy Wednesday (on which the betrayal of Jesus is mourned), and contains the days of the Easter Triduum including Maundy Thursday, commemorating the Maundy and Last Supper, as well as Good Friday, commemorating the crucifixion and death of Jesus. In Eastern Christianity, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
April 19
Events Pre-1600 *AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Pisonian conspiracy, Piso's plot to kill the Roman emperor, Emperor Nero and all of the List of conspiracies (political), conspirators are arrested. * 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine Empire, Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Sasanian Empire, Persians at Raqqa (northern Syria). *1506 – The Lisbon Massacre begins, in which accused Jews are slaughtered by Portuguese people, Portuguese Catholics. *1529 – Beginning of the Protestant Reformation: After the Second Diet of Speyer bans Lutheranism, a group of rulers (''German:'' Fürst) and Free imperial city, independent cities Protestation at Speyer, protest the reinstatement of the Edict of Worms. *1539 – The Treaty of Frankfurt (1539), Treaty of Frankfurt between Protestants and the Holy Roman Emperor is signed. 1601–1900 *1608 – In Ireland, O'Doherty's Rebellion is launched by the Burning of Derry. *1677 – T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golub-Dobrzyń
Golub-Dobrzyń () is a town in north-central Poland, located on the Drwęca. It is the capital of Golub-Dobrzyń County in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship and has a population of 13,060. Golub-Dobrzyń was established on May 5, 1951 through merging two neighbouring towns having faced each other across the river Drwęca for centuries, namely Golub located in the Chełmno Land within historical Pomerelia and Dobrzyń located in the Dobrzyń Land within historical Kuyavia. History History of Golub The village Golub, populated by Polish people, Poles, was first mentioned in a document from 1258; Chełmno Land was granted as a fief by the Duke of Mazovia to the Teutonic Knights in 1231 in return for their forthcoming crusade against the heathen Prussians. The Teutonic Knights built a Ordensburg, castle (1296–1306) and elevated it to German town law, town status. In the 14th century, papal verdicts ordered the restoration of the area to Poland, however, the Teutonic Knights did no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wenceslaus Of Płock
Wenceslaus (Wańko) of Płock (; 1293/97 – 23 May 1336), was a Polish prince member of the House of Piast, Duchy of Płock, Duke of Płock from 1313 and vassal of Kingdom of Bohemia, Bohemia from 1329. He was the third son of Bolesław II of Masovia, Bolesław II of Płock but the only born from his second marriage with Kunigunde of Bohemia, Kunigunde, daughter of King Ottakar II of Bohemia. He was probably named after his maternal uncle, King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia. Life Unlike his older half-brothers Siemowit II of Masovia, Siemowit II and Trojden I, Duke of Masovia, Trojden I, Wenceslaus didn't receive his own district until the death of their father in 1313, when he inherited Płock. This division didn't satisfy anybody and lead to a brief war between the three brothers in 1316. Apart from a brief mention in the ''Roczniku miechowskim'', the exact details of this conflict are unknown. Early in his reign, Wenceslaus tried to pursue a neutral policy with his two powerful ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
April 14
Events Pre-1600 * 43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum. * 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor Otho in the First Battle of Bedriacum to take power over Rome. * 966 – Following his marriage to the Christian Doubravka of Bohemia, the pagan ruler of the Polans, Mieszko I, converts to Christianity, an event considered to be the founding of the Polish state. * 972 – Otto II, Co-Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, marries Byzantine princess Theophanu. She is crowned empress by Pope John XIII in Rome the same day. * 1395 – Tokhtamysh–Timur war: At the Battle of the Terek River, Timur defeats the army of the Golden Horde, beginning the khanate's permanent military decline. * 1471 – In England, the Yorkists under Edward IV defeat the Lancastrians under the Earl of Warwick at the Battle of Barn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnus IV Of Sweden
Magnus Eriksson (April or May 1316 – 1 December 1374) was King of Sweden from 1319 to 1364, King of Norway as Magnus VII from 1319 to 1355, and ruler of Scania from 1332 to 1360. By adversaries he has been called ''Magnus Smek'' (). Medieval Swedish kings did not use regnal numbers as part of their title. As the king of Sweden, he is sometimes referred to as Magnus II, Magnus III, or Magnus IV. He is the second longest-reigning monarch in Swedish history after the current king Carl XVI Gustaf, who surpassed Magnus in 2018. Biography Magnus was born in Norway, either in April or May 1316. His father was Duke Erik Magnusson, son of King Magnus Ladulås of Sweden. His mother was Ingeborg, daughter of King Haakon V of Norway. Magnus was elected king of Sweden on 8 July 1319 at Mora Thing to prevent the previous king Birger Magnusson, his uncle, from returning to power. Magnus was also acknowledged as the hereditary king of Norway at Haugating in Tønsberg in August ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ingeborg Of Norway
Ingeborg of Norway (; ; ; 1301 – 17 June 1361) was a Norwegian princess and by marriage a Swedish royal duchess with a position in the regency governments in Norway (1319–1327) and Sweden (1319–1326) during the minority of her son, King Magnus Eriksson. In 1318–1319, she was Sweden's '' de facto'' ruler, and from 1319 until 1326, she was Sweden's first ''de jure'' female regent. Her role in northern European history is considered of major importance. Life Early life Ingeborg was born in 1301 as the only legitimate daughter of King Håkon V of Norway from his marriage with Euphemia of Rügen. As a child, she was first betrothed to Magnus Birgersson, the son and designated heir of Birger, King of Sweden. Soon afterwards the engagement was however broken for altered political reasons, and in 1305 she was betrothed to Duke Erik, a younger brother of King Birger, thus uncle of her first betrothed. In 1312, Ingeborg and Erik were formally married in a double wedding in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
