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1317
Year 1317 ( MCCCXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. Events January – March * January 9 – The 23-year-old Philip the Tall, younger brother of the late King Louis X of France, is hastily crowned King of France, as King Philip V, at Rheims. The only son of King Louis X had been born posthumously, but died after four days. Supporters of King Louis felt that his eldest daughter, Joan II of Navarre, should have been crowned as the monarch. Mass protests follow in Artois, Champagne and Burgundy. The coronation of a brother, instead of the eldest daughter, as the successor to the throne sets the precedent for the Salic law, providing that the eldest male heir inherits the throne. Philip V reorganizes the French army by extending the military obligations of the realm. Each town and castellany is responsible for providing a specified number of fully equipped troops – such as sergeants and infantry militias, while towns in economically adv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shōwa (1312–1317)
or Medieval Showa was a after ''Ōchō'' and before '' Bunpō.'' This period spanned the years from March 1312 through February 1317. The reigning emperor was . Etymology The era name is derived from the ''Old Book of Tang'', a Classical Chinese work composed in AD 941–945. The first character is ''shō'' (正), meaning "proper, straight, true", while 和 (''wa'') means "peace," and may also pun on ''Wa'' (倭), an ancient name for Japan. The era name is pronounced like the Shōwa era of 1926–1989, but that era name is written with the character 昭 ("illustrious") for ''shō''. Change of era * 1311 : The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in ''Ōchō'' 2. Events of the ''Shōwa'' era Initially, former- Emperor Fushimi administered the court up through the time he took the tonsure as a Buddhist monk. * 1313 (''Shōwa 2, 10th month''): Retired Emperor Fushimi shaved his head and became a Buddh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope John XXII
Pope John XXII (, , ; 1244 – 4 December 1334), born Jacques Duèze (or d'Euse), was head of the Catholic Church from 7 August 1316 to his death, in December 1334. He was the second and longest-reigning Avignon Papacy, Avignon Pope, elected by the Papal conclave, Conclave of Cardinal (Catholic Church), Cardinals, which was assembled in Lyon. Like his predecessor, Pope Clement V, Clement V, Pope John centralized power and income in the Papacy and lived a princely life in Avignon. John opposed the policies of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, Louis IV the Bavarian as Holy Roman Emperor, which prompted Louis to invade Italy and set up an antipope, antipope Nicholas V, Nicholas V. John also opposed the Franciscans, Franciscan understanding of the poverty of Christ and his apostles, promulgating multiple papal bulls to enforce his views. This led William of Ockham to write against unlimited papal power. Following a three-year process, John Canonization of Thomas Aquinas, canonized Thoma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portuguese Navy
The Portuguese Navy (), also known as the Portuguese War Navy (''Marinha de Guerra Portuguesa'') or as the Portuguese Armada (''Armada Portuguesa''), is the navy of the Portuguese Armed Forces. Chartered in 1317 by King Dinis of Portugal, it is List of navies, the oldest continuously serving navy in the world; in 2017, the Portuguese Navy commemorated the 700th anniversary of its official creation. The navy played a key role in Portuguese maritime exploration during the Age of Discovery in the 15th and 16th centuries. The result of this technical and scientific discoveries led Portugal to develop advanced ships, including the caravel, new and more sophisticated types of carracks for interoceanic travel and the oceanic galleon, Os Navios e as Técnicas Náuticas Atlânticas nos Séculos XV e XVI: Os Pilares da Estratégia 3C - Rear Admiral Antonio S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip V Of France
Philip V ( 1291 – 3 January 1322), known as the Tall (), was King of France and List of Navarrese monarchs, Navarre (as Philip II) from 1316 to 1322. Philip engaged in a series of domestic reforms intended to improve the management of the kingdom. These reforms included the creation of an independent Court of Finances, the standardization of weights and measures, and the establishment of a single currency. Philip was the second son of King Philip IV of France and Queen Joan I of Navarre. He was granted an appanage, the County of Poitiers, while his elder brother, Louis X of France, Louis X, inherited the French and Navarrese thrones. When Louis died in 1316, he left a daughter and a pregnant wife, Clementia of Hungary. Philip the Tall successfully claimed the regency. Queen Clementia gave birth to a boy, who was proclaimed king as John I of France, John I, but the infant king lived only for five days. At the death of his nephew, Philip immediately had himself Coronation of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John V, Margrave Of Brandenburg-Salzwedel
Margrave John V of Brandenburg-Salzwedel, nicknamed "the Illustrious" (in Latin ''Illustris''), (1302 – 26 March 1317) was Margrave and co-ruler of Brandenburg from 1308 until his death. His parents were Margrave Hermann, "the Tall" of Brandenburg and Anne of Austria, a daughter of Emperor Albert I, Duke of Austria and King of Bohemia. John married Catherine (d. 1327), a daughter of Duke Henry III of Glogau and Sagan. John V died in 1317. With his death, the Brandenburg-Salzwedel line of the House of Ascania The House of Ascania () was a dynasty of German rulers. It is also known as the House of Anhalt, which refers to its longest-held possession, Principality of Anhalt, Anhalt. The Ascanians are named after Ascania (or Ascaria) Castle, known as ' ... died out. External links Entry in the database of the University of Erlangen Margraves of Brandenburg House of Ascania 1302 births 1317 deaths 14th-century German nobility {{Germany-margrave-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salic Law
The Salic law ( or ; ), also called the was the ancient Frankish Civil law (legal system), civil law code compiled around AD 500 by Clovis I, Clovis, the first Frankish King. The name may refer to the Salii, or "Salian Franks", but this is debated. The written text is in Late Latin, and contains some of the earliest known instances of Old Dutch. It remained the basis of Frankish law throughout the early Medieval period, and influenced future History of Western law, European legal systems. The best-known tenet of the old law is the principle of exclusion of women from inheritance of thrones, fiefs, and other property. The Salic laws were arbitrated by a committee appointed and empowered by the King of the Franks. Dozens of manuscripts dating from the sixth to eighth centuries and three emendations as late as the ninth century have survived. Salic law provided written codification of both civil law, such as the statutes governing inheritance, and criminal law, such as the punishme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waldemar, Margrave Of Brandenburg-Stendal
Waldemar the Great (; – 14 August 1319), a member of the House of Ascania, was List of rulers of Brandenburg, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal from 1308 until his death. He became sole ruler of the Margraviate of Brandenburg upon the death of his cousin John V, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel, John V of Brandenburg-Salzwedel in 1317. Waldemar is known as the last in the line of Ascanian margraves starting with Albert the Bear in 1157; he was only succeeded by his minor cousin Henry II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal, Henry II, who died one year later. Life He was a son of Margrave Conrad, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal, Conrad of Brandenburg-Stendal and his wife Constance of Greater Poland, Constance, eldest daughter of the Piast dynasty, Piast duke Przemysł I of Greater Poland. Waldemar was co-regent from 1302, and succeeded as margrave upon the death of his uncle Otto IV, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal, Otto IV in 1308. In 1307 Waldemar signed an agreement with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick III Of Sicily
Frederick III (also Frederick II, ', ', '); 13 December 1272 – 25 June 1337) was the regent of the Kingdom of Sicily from 1291 until 1295 and subsequently King of Sicily from 1295 until his death. He was the third son of Peter III of Aragon and served in the War of the Sicilian Vespers on behalf of his father and brothers, Alfonso ΙΙΙ and James ΙΙ. He was confirmed as king by the Peace of Caltabellotta in 1302. His reign saw important constitutional reforms: the ''Constitutiones regales'', ''Capitula alia'', and ''Ordinationes generales''. Name Although the second Frederick of Sicily, he chose to call himself "Frederick III" (being one of the rare medieval monarchs who actually used a regnal number) – presumably because only some fifty years before, his well-known and remembered great-grandfather had ruled Sicily and also used an official ordinal: '' Fridericus secundus, imperator etc.''. Thus, ''Fridericus tertius'' was better in line with the precede ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Pessanha
Manuel Pessanha (Portuguese translation of Italian Emanuele Pessagno) was a 14th century Republic of Genoa, Genoese merchant sailor who served as the first admiral of Portugal at the time of King Denis of Portugal. His brother was the Genoa, Genoese merchant and administrator, Antonio Pessagno. Manuel Pessanha was the son of Simone, lord of the Castle di Passagne. In 1316–17 Manuel Pessanha reached an agreement with king Denis of Portugal, who appointing him to reform the new Portuguese Navy. Pessanha then employed twenty men from Genoa to be captains of the vessels. In a royal charter of 1 February 1317, Pessanha was appointed with the title of Admiral of PortugalDiffie 1960, p. 54 (which would become hereditary in his family), entitled to a pension of 3,000 pounds, divided into three equal payments due in the months of January, May and September, and from rural incomes from several land possessions in Portugal. This contract was subsequently renewed later in 1317 and on 14 Ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joan II Of Navarre
Joan II (, , ; 28 January 1312 – 6 October 1349) was Queen of Navarre from 1328 until her death in 1349. Joan was the only surviving child of Louis I of Navarre and Margaret of Burgundy. Her father ascended the French throne as Louis X in 1314. Joan's paternity was dubious because her mother was involved in a scandal, but Louis declared her his legitimate daughter before he died in 1316. However, the French lords were opposed to the idea of a female monarch and elected Louis's brother king as Philip V. The Navarrese noblemen also paid homage to Philip. Joan's maternal grandmother, Agnes of France, and uncle, Odo IV of Burgundy, made attempts to secure the counties of Champagne and Brie (which had been the patrimony of Joan's paternal grandmother, Joan I of Navarre) to Joan, but the French royal troops defeated her supporters. After Philip V married his daughter to Odo and granted him two counties as her dowry, Odo renounced Joan's claim to Champagne and Brie in exchang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Admiral Of Portugal
The high office of Admiral of the Kingdom of Portugal ( Portuguese: ''Almirante do Reino de Portugal'') as the head of the Portuguese navy was created by King Denis of Portugal in 1317 (or 1322) for the Genoese nobleman and naval officer Manuel Pessanha (Emanuele Pessagno). Although there is evidence that such a title existed before (e.g. Afonso I appointed his half-brother Fuas Roupinho to the title in 1184), it seems to have been of only a temporary character, for fleets assembled in times of war.Pereira and Rodrigues (1904: p.313-15) The exception was perhaps Nuno Fernandes Cogominho who seems to have been appointed admiral by King Denis in 1307, and still had that title at his death in 1316, although the conditions are unclear. Nonetheless, Manuel Pessanha was the first person known to hold the title of ''Almirante-mor'' (Chief Admiral) as a permanent office for a permanent fleet. All the king's galleys were under his jurisdiction. The conditions of the Pessanha's title ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fraticelli
The ''Fraticelli'' (Italian language, Italian for “Little Brethren”) or Spiritual Franciscans opposed changes to the Monastic rule, rule of Saint Francis of Assisi, especially with regard to poverty, and regarded the wealth of the Catholic Church as scandalous, with the riches of individual churchmen as invalidating their status. The Fraticelli were declared heresy, heretical in 1296 by Pope Boniface VIII, Boniface VIII. The name ''Fraticelli'' is used for various sects, which appeared in the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, principally in Italy, that split from the Franciscan Order on account of the disputes concerning poverty. It is necessary to differentiate the various groups of Fraticelli, although the term may be applied to all. The main groups were the ''Fraticelli de Paupere Vita'' and the ''Fraticelli de Opinione'' (also called Michaelites). The Apostolics (also known as Pseudo-Apostles or Apostolic Brethren) are excluded from the category, because ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
