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1220s In Architecture
__TOC__ Buildings and structures Buildings * Early 1220s – Chlemoutsi Crusader castle in Greece is built. * 1220 ** Bishop Evrard de Fouilly initiates work on Amiens Cathedral, in Amiens, France, with Robert de Luzarches serving as architect until 1228. ** Brussels Cathedral begun. ** Salisbury Cathedral begun in England. ** Cluny Abbey's 3rd building campaign, initiated in 1080, is over. It is the world's largest religious building until the 16th century. ** Upper three storeys of Qutb Minar in the Delhi Sultanate added. * c.1220 ** Beauvais Cathedral begun. ** Château de Coucy begun. ** Gawdawpalin Temple finished in Bagan, Pagan Kingdom. ** Cressing Temple Barley Barn in eastern England erected. * 1221 – Burgos Cathedral begun. * 1222 – Great Hall of Winchester Castle begun. * 1227 ** Marienstatt Abbey church consecrated. ** Toledo Cathedral begun. ** Reconstruction of Toompea Castle begun. * 1228 ** July 17 – The foundation stone of the Basilica of San Francesco d'Ass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1210s In Architecture
__TOC__ Events * 1210 – Rebuilding of Coutances Cathedral, in France, in its current gothic aspect begins after the destruction of the previous romanesque building in a fire. Buildings and structures Buildings * 1211 ** Santiago de Compostela Cathedral in Galicia (Spain) (begun in the 11th century) completed and consecrated. ** Restoration of Reims Cathedral to its current aspect begun. * 1213 ** Screen wall at Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra mosque in Ajmer, Rajasthan. ** Guyue Bridge in China built. * 1214 – Holy Cross Church, Lehre in Lower Saxony completed in its original form about this date. * 1218 – Htilominlo Temple built in Bagan, Pagan Kingdom (begun in 1211). * 1219 – Toompea Castle begun in Tallinn. Image:Adhai Din-ka-Jhonpra Screen wall decorative work (6133943561).jpg, Screen wall, Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra (1213) Image:Htilominlo Temple Bagan Myanmar.jpg, Htilominlo Temple (1218) Births Deaths References * Architecture Architecture is th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bagan
Bagan (, ; formerly Pagan) is an ancient city and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Mandalay Region of Myanmar. From the 9th to 13th centuries, the city was the capital of the Bagan Kingdom, the first kingdom that unified the regions that would later constitute Myanmar. During the kingdom's height between the 11th and 13th centuries, more than 10,000 Buddhist temples, pagodas and monasteries were constructed in the Bagan plains alone, of which the remains of over 2200 temples and pagodas survive. The Bagan Archaeological Zone is a main attraction for the country's nascent tourism industry. Etymology Bagan is the present-day standard Burmese pronunciation of the Burmese word ''Pugan'' ( my-Mymr, ပုဂံ), derived from Old Burmese ''Pukam'' ( my-Mymr, ပုကမ်). Its classical Pali name is '' Arimaddanapura'' ( my-Mymr, အရိမဒ္ဒနာပူရ, lit. "the City that Tramples on Enemies"). Its other names in Pali are in reference to its extreme dry zo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beverston Castle
Beverston Castle, also known as Beverstone Castle or Tetbury Castle, was constructed as a medieval stone fortress in the village of Beverston, Gloucestershire, England. The property is a mix of manor house, various small buildings, extensive gardens and the medieval ruins of the fortified building. The castle was founded in 1229 by Maurice de Gaunt. Much of the castle remained in a state of ruin according to a 2019 report, and had been uninhabitable since the 17th century. Several buildings on the 693-acre property, including five cottages and the 17th century house with seven bedrooms, were in use as residences, however. Description The original castle was laid out in pentagonal plan. In the early 14th century, a small quadrangular stronghold was added, along with a twin-towered gatehouse. Beverston Castle is situated approximately three kilometres west of the town of Tetbury and about two kilometres east of the medieval abbey annex, Calcot Manor. The castle is in the Cotsw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italy
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical region. Italy is also considered part of Western Europe, and shares land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia and the enclaved microstates of Vatican City and San Marino. It has a territorial exclave in Switzerland, Campione. Italy covers an area of , with a population of over 60 million. It is the third-most populous member state of the European Union, the sixth-most populous country in Europe, and the tenth-largest country in the continent by land area. Italy's capital and largest city is Rome. Italy was the native place of many civilizations such as the Italic peoples and the Etruscans, while due to its central geographic location in Southern Europe and the Mediterranean, the country has also historically b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assisi
Assisi (, also , ; from la, Asisium) is a town and ''comune'' of Italy in the Province of Perugia in the Umbria region, on the western flank of Monte Subasio. It is generally regarded as the birthplace of the Latin poet Propertius, born around 50–45 BC. It is the birthplace of St. Francis, who founded the Franciscan religious order in the town in 1208, and St. Clare (''Chiara d'Offreducci''), who with St. Francis founded the Poor Sisters, which later became the Order of Poor Clares after her death. The 19th-century Saint Gabriel of Our Lady of Sorrows was also born in Assisi. History Around 1000 BC a wave of immigrants settled in the upper Tiber valley as far as the Adriatic Sea, and also in the neighbourhood of Assisi. These were the Umbrians, living in small fortified settlements on high ground. From 450 BC these settlements were gradually taken over by the Etruscans. The Romans took control of central Italy after the Battle of Sentinum in 295 BC. They built the flouris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1250s In Architecture
__TOC__ Buildings and structures Buildings * c. 1250 ** Western towers and north rose window of Notre Dame de Paris in the Kingdom of France are built. ** Hexham Abbey, England completed (begun c. 1170). ** Konark Sun Temple in Odisha built. * 1250 ** Château de Spesbourg, Holy Roman Empire built. ** Ponts Couverts, Strasbourg, opened. * 1252 – Church of Alcobaça Monastery in Portugal completed. * c. 1252 – The Franciscan abbey of Claregalway Friary, in Claregalway, County Galway, Ireland is commissioned by Norman knight John de Cogan. * 1253 – Construction of the upper Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi in Assisi, designed by Elia Bombardone, is completed. * 1255 – New Gothic choir of the Tournai Cathedral in the Kingdom of France built. * 1256 – Construction of Hermann Castle in present-day Estonia is started. * 1257 – Construction of the Basilica di Santa Chiara in Assisi begun. * 1258 – The main body of the Salisbury Cathedral (be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basilica Of San Francesco D'Assisi
The Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi ( it, Basilica di San Francesco d'Assisi; la, Basilica Sancti Francisci Assisiensis) is the mother church of the Roman Catholic Order of Friars Minor Conventual in Assisi, a town in the Umbria region in central Italy, where Saint Francis was born and died. It is a Papal minor basilica and one of the most important places of Christian pilgrimage in Italy. With its accompanying friary, Sacro Convento, the basilica is a distinctive landmark to those approaching Assisi. It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2000. The basilica, which was begun in 1228, is built into the side of a hill and comprises two churches (known as the Upper Church and the Lower Church) and a crypt, where the remains of the saint are interred. The interior of the Upper Church is an important early example of the Gothic style in Italy. The Upper and Lower Churches are decorated with frescoes by numerous late medieval painters from the Roman and Tuscan schools, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toompea Castle
Toompea castle ( et, Toompea loss) is a medieval castle on Toompea hill in the central part of Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. In modern times, it houses the Parliament of Estonia. History The Toompea castle's predecessor, an ancient Estonian stronghold had been in use since at least the 9th century AD. In 1219, the castle was taken over by Denmark's crusaders led by king Valdemar II. According to a popular Danish legend, the flag of Denmark (''Dannebrog'') fell from the sky during a critical stage of the battle (known as the Battle of Lindanise). This first proper castle was referred to as the "Castle of the Danes", in Latin ''castrum danorum'' and in contemporary archaic Estonian ''taani linna''. From the latter, the modern name of the city of Tallinn is possibly derived accesse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toledo Cathedral
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Marienstatt Abbey
Marienstatt Abbey (German: Abtei Marienstatt, Latin: ''Abbatia Loci Sanctae Mariæ'') is a Cistercian monastery and a pilgrimage site in Streithausen, Westerwaldkreis, Rhineland-Palatinate, in the Nister valley near Hachenburg. The abbey has an early-Gothic Basilica with the largest organ in the Westerwald, a library, a brewery with restaurant, a shop for books and art, a guest house, and a privately supported secondary school, the Privates Gymnasium Marienstatt. History The abbey was established by Heisterbach Abbey, which was created by Himmerod Abbey, which in turn was founded from Clairvaux Abbey in 1134, in a direct succession. In 1212, it was first founded in Neunkhausen, made possible by a donation from Eberhard of Arenberg and his wife Adelheid von Molsberg. The site was abandoned because of the climate and soil, and the monastery was transferred to the present location in 1222. According to legend, the abbot had a dream of a hawthorn bush that flowered in winter, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winchester Castle
Winchester Castle is a medieval building in Winchester, Hampshire, England. It was founded in 1067. Only the Great Hall still stands; it houses a museum of the history of Winchester. History Early history Around AD 70 the Romans constructed a massive earth rampart long and wide. On top of this they built a fort to protect the city of Venta Belgarum. This site was chosen by William the Conqueror as the site of one of the first Norman castles in England. The castle was built in 1067 and for over one hundred years it was the seat of Government of the Norman Kings. Henry II built a stone keep to house the royal treasury and the Domesday Book. A round tower from the original castle complete with sally ports is still visible. In 1141, during The Anarchy, forces of the Empress Matilda were besieged by the forces of King Stephen at the castle, in the Rout of Winchester. Building the Great Hall Between 1222 and 1235, Henry III, who was born at Winchester Castle, added the G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Hall
A great hall is the main room of a royal palace, castle or a large manor house or hall house in the Middle Ages, and continued to be built in the country houses of the 16th and early 17th centuries, although by then the family used the great chamber for eating and relaxing. At that time the word "great" simply meant big and had not acquired its modern connotations of excellence. In the medieval period, the room would simply have been referred to as the "hall" unless the building also had a secondary hall, but the term "great hall" has been predominant for surviving rooms of this type for several centuries, to distinguish them from the different type of hall found in post-medieval houses. Great halls were found especially in France, England and Scotland, but similar rooms were also found in some other European countries. A typical great hall was a rectangular room between one and a half and three times as long as it was wide, and also higher than it was wide. It was enter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
