1180 In Poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France). Events 1181: *Bertran de Born's first datable poem, a ''sirventes'' 1183: * Ordering of the ''Senzai Wakashū'', an imperial Japanese poetry anthology * Bertran de Born composes a ''planh'', "Mon chan fenisc ab dol et ab maltraire", on the death of Henry the Young King (on June 11). Rigaut de Berbezill composes another, "Si tuit li dol e.l plor e.l marrimen", as does Peire Raimon de Tolosa * Joseph of Exeter largely completes writing his Latin epic '' De bello Troiano'' 1187: * Compilation of the ''Senzai Wakashū'', ordered in 1183 Works published 1180: * Approx. date of ''Khusraw and Shirin'' by Nezami Births Death years link to the corresponding "earin poetry" article. There are conflicting or unreliable sources for the birth years of many people born in this period; where sources conflict, the poet is listed again and the conflict is noted: 1180: ...
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1207 In Poetry
Births * Rumi (died 1273), 13th-century Turkish poet, Islamic jurist, theologian, and mystic. Deaths * Xin Qiji (born 1140), Chinese Song dynasty poet and military leader References 13th-century poetry Poetry Poetry (from the Greek language, Greek word ''poiesis'', "making") is a form of literature, literary art that uses aesthetics, aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meaning (linguistics), meanings in addition to, or in ...

Qul Ghali
Qul Ghali ( Volga Türki: قل علی; , ; ; ; – 1236) was a famous Muslim Volga Bulgarian poet. His most famous poem is ''Qissa-i Yusuf'' (قصه یوسف; ''Tale of Yusuf''), written in the Volga Turki language, which is mutually intelligible with the modern Tatar, Bashkir and Chuvash languages. Biography According to historian Ravil Bukharaev, Ghali was likely born into a cleric family in Volga Bulgaria. He studied in the Khwarezmean madrassah. Ghali also resided or studied in various areas around Volga Bulgaria and possibly traveled to Iran, Syria and other parts of the Middle East. He wrote his immortal poem in 1233. It is theorized that Ghali spent his last years at Bilyar. He was probably killed in 1236 during the Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria. Works ''Qissa-i Yusuf'' (قصه یوسف, also transliterated ''Qïssa-yï Yusuf''), also known as the ''Yosïfnamä'', was inspired by Qur'anic stories of Joseph. The poem is devoted to the struggle against evil and ...
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Sufi
Sufism ( or ) is a mysticism, mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic Tazkiyah, purification, spirituality, ritualism, and Asceticism#Islam, asceticism. Practitioners of Sufism are referred to as "Sufis" (from , ), and historically typically belonged to "orders" known as (pl. ) — congregations formed around a grand (saint) who would be the last in a Silsilah, chain of successive teachers linking back to Muhammad, with the goal of undergoing (self purification) and the hope of reaching the Maqam (Sufism), spiritual station of . The ultimate aim of Sufis is to seek the pleasure of God by endeavoring to return to their original state of purity and natural disposition, known as . Sufism emerged early on in Islamic history, partly as a reaction against the expansion of the early Umayyad Caliphate (661–750) and mainly under the tutelage of Hasan al-Basri. Although Sufis were opposed to dry legalism, they strictly obs ...
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1235 In Poetry
Works * Fujiwara no Teika, editor, ''Ogura Hyakunin Isshu'', an anthology of 100 Japanese poems, each by a different poet; is compiled about this year; the popularity of the anthology has endured to the present day, and a Japanese card game, Uta-garuta is a type of a deck of ''karuta'', Japanese traditional playing cards. A set of ''uta-garuta'' contains two sets of 100 cards, with a '' waka'' poem written on each. ''Uta-garuta'' is also the name of the game in which the deck is used. The st ..., uses cards with the poems printed on it Births * Guittone d'Arezzo (died 1294 in poetry, 1294), founder of the Tuscan School Deaths * Ibn al-Farid (born 1181 in poetry, 1181), Arabic Sufi poet Events

{{empty section, date=January 2025 13th-century poetry 1235, Poetry ...
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Ibn Al-Farid
Ibn al-Farid or Ibn Farid; (, ''`Umar ibn `Alī ibn al-Fārid'') (22 March 11811234) was an Arab poet as well as a Sufi waliullah. His name is Arabic for "son of the obligator" (the one who divides the inheritance between the inheritors), as his father was well regarded for his work in the legal sphere. He was born in Cairo to parents from Hama in modern Syria, lived for some time in Mecca, and died in Cairo. His poetry is entirely Sufic and he was esteemed as the greatest mystic poet of the Arabs. Some of his poems are said to have been written in ecstasies. The poetry of Shaykh Umar Ibn al-Farid is considered by many to be the pinnacle of Arabic mystical verse, though surprisingly he is not widely known in the West. (Rumi, probably the best known in the West of the great Sufi poets, wrote primarily in Persian, not Arabic.) Ibn al-Farid's two masterpieces are The Wine Ode, a beautiful meditation on the "wine" of divine bliss, and "The Poem of the Sufi Way", a profound explor ...
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Occitan Language
Occitan (; ), also known by its native speakers as (; ), sometimes also referred to as Provençal, is a Romance language spoken in Southern France, Monaco, Italy's Occitan Valleys, as well as Spain's Val d'Aran in Catalonia; collectively, these regions are sometimes referred to as Occitania. It is also spoken in Calabria ( Southern Italy) in a linguistic enclave of Cosenza area (mostly Guardia Piemontese) named Gardiol, which is also considered a separate Occitanic language. Some include Catalan as a dialect of Occitan, as the linguistic distance between this language and some Occitan dialects (such as the Gascon language) is similar to the distance between different Occitan dialects. Catalan was considered a dialect of Occitan until the end of the 19th century and still today remains its closest relative. Occitan is an official language of Catalonia, Spain, where a subdialect of Gascon known as Aranese is spoken (in the Val d'Aran). Since September 2010, the Par ...
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1278 In Poetry
Events * 24 August — Amanieu de Sescars wrote {{Lang, ca, A vos, que ieu am deszamatz, a '' salut d'amor'' (love letter) Works published * Fujiwara no Tameuji, editor, '' Shokushūi Wakashū'' (続拾遺和歌集, "Collection of Gleanings of Japanese Poems Continued"), an imperial anthology of Japanese waka; ordered by the Retired Emperor Kameyama about 1276, consisting of twenty volumes containing 1,461 poems Births * Kokan Shiren (died 1347), Japanese Rinzai Zen patriarch and celebrated poet in Chinese Deaths * Peire Cardenal (born 1180), an Occitan troubadour * Ulrich von Liechtenstein (born 1200), a German Minnesänger 13th-century poetry Poetry Poetry (from the Greek language, Greek word ''poiesis'', "making") is a form of literature, literary art that uses aesthetics, aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meaning (linguistics), meanings in addition to, or in ...

Peire Cardenal
Peire Cardenal (or Cardinal) (c. 1180 – c. 1278) was a troubadour (floruit, fl. 1204 – 1272) known for his satirical ''sirventes'' and his dislike of the clergy. Ninety-six pieces of his remain, a number rarely matched by other poets of the age.Aubrey, 23–4. Peire Cardenal was born in Le Puy-en-Velay, apparently of a noble family; the family name Cardenal appears in many documents of the region in the 13th and 14th centuries. He was educated as a Canon (priest), canon, which education directed him to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for "the vanity of this world", according to his ''Vida (Occitan literary form), vida''.Egan, 74. The author of Peire's ''vida'' is known: Miquel de la Tor. Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a ''Petrus Cardinalis'' as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as ...
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Ramavataram
The ''Ramavataram'', popularly referred to as ''Kamba Ramayanam'', is a Tamil epic that was written by the Tamil poet Kambar during the 12th century. Based on Valmiki's ''Ramayana'' (which is in Sanskrit), the story describes the legend of King Rama of Ayodhya. However, the ''Ramavataram'' is different from the Sanskrit version in many aspects – both in spiritual concepts and in the specifics of the storyline. This historic work is considered by both Tamil scholars and the general public as one of the greatest literary works in Tamil literature. Kambar wrote this epic with the patronage of Thiruvennai Nallur Sadayappa Vallal, a chieftain of the Pannai lineage. In gratitude to his patron, Kamban references his name once in every 1,000 verses. Early references in Tamil literature Even before Kambar wrote the Ramavataram in Tamil in the 12 century CE, there are many ancient references to the story of Ramayana, implying that the story was familiar in the Tamil lands e ...
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Tamil People
The Tamils ( ), also known by their endonym Tamilar, are a Dravidian ethnic group who natively speak the Tamil language and trace their ancestry mainly to the southern part of the Indian subcontinent. The Tamil language is one of the longest-surviving classical languages, with over two thousand years of written history, dating back to the Sangam period (between 300 BCE and 300 CE). Tamils constitute about 5.7% of the Indian population and form the majority in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the union territory of Puducherry. They also form significant proportions of the populations in Sri Lanka (15.3%), Malaysia (7%) and Singapore (5%). Tamils have migrated world-wide since the 19th century CE and a significant population exists in South Africa, Mauritius, Fiji, as well as other regions such as the Southeast Asia, Middle East, Caribbean and parts of the Western World. Archaeological evidence from Tamil Nadu indicates a continuous history of human occupat ...
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1250 In Poetry
Events Works published Þiðrekssaga (approx.). Births Deaths * Kambar (born 1180), medieval Tamil poet and the author of the Ramavataram * Julian of Speyer (born ''unknown''), German Franciscan composer, poet, and historian; Latin (approx.) References {{DEFAULTSORT:1250 In Poetry 13th-century poetry Poetry Poetry (from the Greek language, Greek word ''poiesis'', "making") is a form of literature, literary art that uses aesthetics, aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meaning (linguistics), meanings in addition to, or in ...