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1-Naphthylmethcathinone
1-Naphthylmethcathinone (AMAPN) is a monoamine releasing agent of the cathinone and naphthylaminopropane families. It is an analogue of methcathinone in which the phenyl ring has been replaced with a 1-naphthalene ring. The drug acts as a potent serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA). Its values for induction of monoamine release are 21.6nM for serotonin and 55.2nM for dopamine, whereas the for norepinephrine was not reported. However, AMAPN induced 92% release of norepinephrine at a concentration of 10,000nM, indicating that it is an effective norepinephrine releaser as well. See also * 1-Naphthylaminopropane (1-NAP) * 2-Naphthylmethcathinone (BMAPN) * 2,3-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (2,3-MDA) * 2,3-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine ORTHO-MDMA, also known as 2,3-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (2,3-MDMA), is a positional isomer of the recreational drug 3,4-MDMA (commonly known as Ecstasy or Molly). It is a monoamine transporter (MAT) substrate and inhibi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substituted Naphthylaminopropane
The substituted naphthylethylamines are a class of chemical compounds based on naphthalene. Many naphthylethylamines are naphthylaminopropanes (also known as naphthylisopropylamines) due to the presence of a methyl group at the alpha carbon of the alkyl chain. The naphthylethylamines are derivatives of the phenethylamines, while the naphthylaminopropanes are derivatives of the amphetamines. There are two types of naphthylethylamines based on positional isomerism: 1-naphthylethylamines and 2-naphthylethylamines. Examples of these include 1-naphthylaminopropane (1-NAP) and 2-naphthylaminopropane (2-NAP), respectively. List of substituted naphthylethylamines The substituted napthylethylamines include the following compounds: Additional naphthylethylamines include 4-NEMD, centanafadine (EB-1020), nafimidone, naphazoline, and xaliproden (SR-57746). Some synthetic cannabinoids such as THJ-018 and THJ-2201 are also naphthylethylamines. Related compounds Some related compound ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1-Naphthylaminopropane
1-Naphthylaminopropane (1-NAP), also known as 1-naphthylisopropylamine or as α-naphthylaminopropane (α-NAP), is a drug of the amphetamine and naphthylaminopropane families. It is a positional isomer of 2-naphthylaminopropane (2-NAP; PAL-287). 2-NAP and derivatives like methylnaphthylaminopropane (MNAP) are known to be potent serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agents (SNDRAs) and/or serotonin receptor agonists, whereas 1-NAP has not been assessed in these regards. Both 1-NAP and 2-NAP failed to substitute for dextroamphetamine in rodent drug discrimination tests, suggesting that they lack stimulant effects. 2-NAP is a potent monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), specifically of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) ( = 420nM). 1-NAP is an MAOI as well, also of MAO-A ( = 5,630nM), but was about 13-fold less potent than 2-NAP. Neither 2-NAP or 1-NAP inhibited monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) ( > 100,000nM). 1-NAP was first described in the scientific literature Scient ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substituted Cathinone
Substituted cathinones, or simply cathinones, which include some stimulants and Empathogen-entactogen, entactogens, are chemical derivative, derivatives of cathinone. They feature a substituted phenethylamine, phenethylamine core with an alkyl functional group, group attached to the alpha and beta carbon, alpha carbon, and a ketone group attached to the alpha and beta carbon, beta carbon, along with additional Substitution reaction, substitutions. Cathinone occurs naturally in the plant khat whose leaves are chewed as a recreational drug. Substituted cathinones act as monoamine releasing agents and/or monoamine reuptake inhibitors, including of norepinephrine, dopamine, and/or serotonin. In contrast to substituted amphetamines, most substituted cathinones do not act as agonists of the human trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). This may potentiate their stimulating and drug addiction, addictive effects. In addition, β-keto-substituted phenethylamines, such as βk-2C-B, app ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2,3-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine
ORTHO-MDMA, also known as 2,3-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (2,3-MDMA), is a positional isomer of the recreational drug 3,4-MDMA (commonly known as Ecstasy or Molly). It is a monoamine transporter (MAT) substrate and inhibitor similarly to 3,4-MDMA. However, while showing similar potency at the norepinephrine transporter (NET), 2,3-MDMA is less potent at the serotonin transporter (SERT). 2,3-MDMA has not been encountered as a recreational or designer drug A designer drug is a structural or functional analog of a controlled substance that has been designed to mimic the pharmacological effects of the original drug, while avoiding classification as illegal and/or detection in standard drug tests. .... See also * 2,3-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (2,3-MDA) * 1-Naphthylmethcathinone (AMAPN) References External links 2,3-MDMA , explore , PiHKAL·info Methamphetamines Methylenedioxyphenethylamines Monoamine releasing agents {{Psychoactive-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2,3-Methylenedioxyamphetamine
ORTHO-MDA, also known as 2,3-methylenedioxyamphetamine (2,3-MDA), is an amphetamine derivative which is mentioned in PIHKAL as a fairly potent and long-lasting stimulant drug, but with little or none of the entactogenic effects associated with its better-known structural isomer MDA. See also * 2,3-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine ORTHO-MDMA, also known as 2,3-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (2,3-MDMA), is a positional isomer of the recreational drug 3,4-MDMA (commonly known as Ecstasy or Molly). It is a monoamine transporter (MAT) substrate and inhibitor similarly to 3,4- ... (2,3-MDMA) * 1-Naphthylmethcathinone (AMAPN) * Methoxymethylenedioxyamphetamine (MMDA) * Dimethoxymethylenedioxyamphetamine (DMMDA) References External links MDA entry in PiHKALMDA entry in PiHKAL • info {{Phenethylamines Monoamine releasing agents Methylenedioxyphenethylamines Substituted amphetamines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2-Naphthylmethcathinone
2-Naphthylmethcathinone (BMAPN), also known as βk-methamnetamine, is a stimulant drug of the cathinone and naphthylaminopropane families. It inhibits dopamine reuptake and has rewarding and reinforcing properties in animal studies. It is banned under drug analogue legislation in a number of jurisdictions. The drug was at one point marketed under the name NRG-3, although only a minority of samples of substances sold under this name have been found to actually contain BMAPN, with most such samples containing mixtures of other cathinone derivatives. See also * 1-Naphthylmethcathinone (AMAPN) * βk-Ephenidine * Methamnetamine * Methylnaphthidate * Methylone * Naphyrone Naphyrone, also known as O-2482 and naphthylpyrovalerone, is a stimulant drug of the cathinone and naphthylaminopropane families. It was derived from pyrovalerone and acts as a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI). ... * WF-23 References {{DEFAULTSORT:Naphthylmethcat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monoamine Releasing Agent
A monoamine releasing agent (MRA), or simply monoamine releaser, is a drug that induces the release of one or more monoamine neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron into the synapse, leading to an increase in the extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitters and hence enhanced signaling by those neurotransmitters. The monoamine neurotransmitters include serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine; MRAs can induce the release of one or more of these neurotransmitters. MRAs work by reversing the direction of the monoamine transporters (MATs), including the serotonin transporter (SERT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and/or dopamine transporter (DAT), causing them to promote efflux of non-vesicular cytoplasmic monoamine neurotransmitter rather than reuptake of synaptic monoamine neurotransmitter. Many, but not all MRAs, also reverse the direction of the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), thereby additionally resulting in efflux of vesicular monoamine neuro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine Releasing Agent
A serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA), also known as a triple releasing agent (TRA), is a type of drug which induces the release of serotonin, norepinephrine/epinephrine, and dopamine in the brain and body. SNDRAs produce euphoriant, entactogen, and psychostimulant effects, and are almost exclusively encountered as recreational drugs. A closely related type of drug is a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI). Examples of SNDRAs Examples of SNDRAs include specific amphetamines such as MDMA, MDA, 4-methylamphetamine, methamphetamine (in high doses), certain substituted benzofurans such as 5-APB and 6-APB, naphthylisopropylamine; cathinones such as mephedrone and methylone; tryptamines such as αMT and αET; along with agents of other chemical classes such as 4,4'-DMAR, and 5-IAI.Bruce E. Blough, Richard Rothman, Antonio Landavazo, Kevin M. Page, Ann Marie Decker. Phenylmorpholines and analogues thereof. US Patent 2013/0 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methamphetamines
Methamphetamine (contracted from ) is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is mainly used as a recreational or performance-enhancing drug and less commonly as a second-line treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It has also been researched as a potential treatment for traumatic brain injury. Methamphetamine was discovered in 1893 and exists as two enantiomers: levo-methamphetamine and dextro-methamphetamine. ''Methamphetamine'' properly refers to a specific chemical substance, the racemic free base, which is an equal mixture of levomethamphetamine and dextromethamphetamine in their pure amine forms, but the hydrochloride salt, commonly called crystal meth, is widely used. Methamphetamine is rarely prescribed over concerns involving its potential for recreational use as an aphrodisiac and euphoriant, among other concerns, as well as the availability of safer substitute drugs with comparable treatment efficacy such as Adderall an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Designer Drugs
A designer drug is a structural or functional analog of a controlled substance that has been designed to mimic the pharmacological effects of the original drug, while avoiding classification as illegal and/or detection in standard drug tests. Designer drugs include psychoactive substances that have been designated by the European Union, Australia, and New Zealand, as new psychoactive substances (NPS) as well as analogs of performance-enhancing drugs such as designer steroids. Some of these designer drugs were originally synthesized by academic or industrial researchers in an effort to discover more potent derivatives with fewer side effects and shorter duration (and possibly also because it is easier to apply for patents for new molecules) and were later co-opted for recreational use. Other designer drugs were prepared for the first time in clandestine laboratories. Because the efficacy and safety of these substances have not been thoroughly evaluated in animal and human tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serotonin
Serotonin (), also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is a monoamine neurotransmitter with a wide range of functions in both the central nervous system (CNS) and also peripheral tissues. It is involved in mood, cognition, reward, learning, memory, and physiological processes such as vomiting and vasoconstriction. In the CNS, serotonin regulates mood, appetite, and sleep. Most of the body's serotonin—about 90%—is synthesized in the gastrointestinal tract by enterochromaffin cells, where it regulates intestinal movements. It is also produced in smaller amounts in the brainstem's raphe nuclei, the skin's Merkel cells, pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, and taste receptor cells of the tongue. Once secreted, serotonin is taken up by platelets in the blood, which release it during clotting to promote vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation. Around 8% of the body's serotonin is stored in platelets, and 1–2% is found in the CNS. Serotonin acts as both a vasoconstrictor and vas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
