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炬燵
A is a low, wooden table frame covered by a ''futon'', or heavy blanket, upon which a table top sits. Underneath is a heat source, formerly a charcoal brazier but now electric, often built into the table itself. ''Kotatsu'' are used almost exclusively in Japan, although similar devices for the same purpose of heating are used elsewhere, e.g. the Spanish ''brasero'' or Iranian '' korsi''. History The history of the ''kotatsu'' begins in the Muromachi period or Ashikaga shogunate during the fourteenth century. Its origins begin with the Japanese cooking hearth, known as the '' irori''. Charcoal was the primary method of cooking and heating in the traditional Japanese household and was used to heat the ''irori''. By the fourteenth century in Japan, a seating platform was introduced to the ''irori'' and its cooking function became separated from its seating function. On top of the wooden platform a quilt was placed, known as an ''oki'' that trapped and localized the heat of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kotatsu Electric Underside
A is a low, wooden table frame covered by a ''futon'', or heavy blanket, upon which a table top sits. Underneath is a heat source, formerly a charcoal brazier but now Electricity, electric, often built into the table itself. ''Kotatsu'' are used almost exclusively in Japan, although #Other countries, similar devices for the same purpose of heating are used elsewhere, e.g. the Spanish Brasero (heater), ''brasero'' or Iranian ''korsi''. History The history of the ''kotatsu'' begins in the Muromachi period or Ashikaga shogunate during the fourteenth century. Its origins begin with the Japanese cooking hearth, known as the ''irori''. Charcoal was the primary method of cooking and heating in the traditional Japanese household and was used to heat the ''irori''. By the fourteenth century in Japan, a seating platform was introduced to the ''irori'' and its cooking function became separated from its seating function. On top of the wooden platform a quilt was placed, known as an ''ok ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
炬燵
A is a low, wooden table frame covered by a ''futon'', or heavy blanket, upon which a table top sits. Underneath is a heat source, formerly a charcoal brazier but now electric, often built into the table itself. ''Kotatsu'' are used almost exclusively in Japan, although similar devices for the same purpose of heating are used elsewhere, e.g. the Spanish ''brasero'' or Iranian '' korsi''. History The history of the ''kotatsu'' begins in the Muromachi period or Ashikaga shogunate during the fourteenth century. Its origins begin with the Japanese cooking hearth, known as the '' irori''. Charcoal was the primary method of cooking and heating in the traditional Japanese household and was used to heat the ''irori''. By the fourteenth century in Japan, a seating platform was introduced to the ''irori'' and its cooking function became separated from its seating function. On top of the wooden platform a quilt was placed, known as an ''oki'' that trapped and localized the heat of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Engineers
The Corps of Royal Engineers, usually called the Royal Engineers (RE), and commonly known as the ''Sappers'', is the engineering arm of the British Army. It provides military engineering and other technical support to the British Armed Forces and is headed by the Chief Royal Engineer. The Corps Headquarters and the Royal School of Military Engineering are in Chatham, Kent, Chatham in Kent, England. The corps is divided into several regiments, barracked at various places in the United Kingdom and around the world. History The Royal Engineers trace their origins back to the military engineers brought to England by William the Conqueror, specifically Gundulf of Rochester, Bishop Gundulf of Rochester Cathedral, and claim over 900 years of unbroken service to the crown. Engineers have always served in the armies of the Crown; however, the origins of the modern corps, along with those of the Royal Artillery, lie in the Board of Ordnance established in the 15th century. In Woolwich ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting took place mainly in European theatre of World War I, Europe and the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I, Middle East, as well as in parts of African theatre of World War I, Africa and the Asian and Pacific theatre of World War I, Asia-Pacific, and in Europe was characterised by trench warfare; the widespread use of Artillery of World War I, artillery, machine guns, and Chemical weapons in World War I, chemical weapons (gas); and the introductions of Tanks in World War I, tanks and Aviation in World War I, aircraft. World War I was one of the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflicts in history, resulting in an estimated World War I casualties, 10 million military dead and more than 20 million wounded, plus some 10 million civilian de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foot Stove
A foot stove consists of a wooden box which is open on one side, with holes or a slab at the top. In it, a bowl made of pottery or metal with burning charcoal was placed. The feet were positioned on top of the stove to become warm. By putting a blanket or clothing on the legs, the heat could be isolated, and the lower legs were heated. Foot stoves were used in Northern Germany, the Netherlands, and the United States. File:Kieke2.jpg, Old foot stove from Northern Germany File:Stoof0752.JPG, Stove from the Netherlands File:Voetenstoof.jpg, A foot stove from around 1930 See also * Korsi, a similar Iranian item *Kotatsu A is a low, wooden table frame covered by a ''futon'', or heavy blanket, upon which a table top sits. Underneath is a heat source, formerly a charcoal brazier but now Electricity, electric, often built into the table itself. ''Kotatsu'' are ..., a similar Japanese item References External links {{Commons category, Foot stoves Foot stoves from the Verm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Korsi
A ''korsi'' or ''korsí'' (Persian: کرسی) is a type of low table found in Iran and Afghanistan, with a heater underneath it, and blankets thrown over it. It is a traditional item of furniture in Iranian culture. A family or other gathering sits on the floor around the ''korsi'' during the winter. A ''korsi'' used to be quite popular for entire families to gather together during yearly ''Yaldā'' celebrations. ''Korsis'' are generally heated with electric elements or, traditionally, with a brazier containing hot coals that is placed under the table. Sometimes a coal brazier is placed in a hole dug previously before placing a korsi, this hole is then covered with wood timbers in warm seasons. The table is covered with a thick cloth called ''lahaf korsi'' (Persian: لحاف کرسی) overhanging on all sides to keep its occupants warm. The occupants sit on large cushions around the ''korsi'' with the cloth over their laps. A special woven rug called ''ru korsi'' (Persian: ر ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boro (textile)
are a class of Japanese textiles that have been mended or patched together. Etymology The term is derived from the Japanese term , meaning something tattered or repaired. The term typically refers to cotton, linen and hemp materials, mostly hand-woven by peasant farmers, that have been stitched or re-woven together to create an often many-layered material used for warm, practical clothing. Historically, it was more economical to grow, spin, dye, weave and make one's own clothing over buying new garments, and equally as economical to re-use old, worn-out clothing as fabric for new garments; warmer fibres, such as cotton, were also less commonly available, leading to the development of layering as a necessity in the creation of lower-class clothing. textiles are typically dyed with indigo dyestuff, historically having been the cheapest and easiest-to-grow dyestuff available to the lower classes. Many examples of feature dyework, and most extant examples of today are antiqu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bast Fiber
Bast fibre (also called phloem fibre or skin fibre) is plant fibre collected from the phloem (the "inner bark", sometimes called "skin") or bast surrounding the stem of certain dicotyledonous plants. Some of the economically important bast fibres are obtained from herbs cultivated in agriculture, for instance flax, hemp, or ramie, but bast fibres from wild plants, such as stinging nettle, and trees such as lime or linden, willow, oak, wisteria, and mulberry have also been used. Bast fibres are soft and flexible, as opposed to leaf fibres from monocotyledonous plants, which are hard and stiff. Since the valuable fibres are located in the phloem, they must often be separated from the woody core, the xylem, and sometimes also from the epidermis. The process for this is retting, and can be performed by micro-organisms either on land (nowadays the most important) or in water, or by chemicals (for instance high pH and chelating agents), or by pectinolytic enzymes. In the phloem, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thermal Insulation
Thermal insulation is the reduction of heat transfer (i.e., the transfer of thermal energy between objects of differing temperature) between objects in thermal contact or in range of radiative influence. Thermal insulation can be achieved with specially engineered methods or processes, as well as with suitable object shapes and materials. Heat flow is an inevitable consequence of contact between objects of different temperature. Thermal insulation provides a region of insulation in which thermal conduction is reduced, creating a thermal break or thermal barrier, or thermal radiation is reflected rather than absorbed by the lower-temperature body. The insulating capability of a material is measured as the inverse of thermal conductivity, thermal conductivity (k). Low thermal conductivity is equivalent to high insulating capability (R-value (insulation), resistance value). In thermal engineering, other important properties of insulating materials are product density, density (ρ) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Heating
A central heating system provides warmth to a number of spaces within a building from one main source of heat. A central heating system has a Furnace (central heating), furnace that converts fuel or electricity to heat through processes. The heat is circulated through the building either by fans forcing heated air through Duct (flow), ducts, circulation of low-pressure steam to Radiator, radiators in each heated room, or Pump, pumps that circulate hot water through room radiators. Primary energy sources may be fuels like coal or wood, oil, kerosene, natural gas, or electricity. Compared with systems such as Fireplace, fireplaces and Wood-burning stove, wood stoves, a central heating plant offers improved uniformity of temperature control over a building, usually including automatic control of the furnace. Large homes or buildings may be divided into individually controllable zones with their own Temperature control, temperature controls. Automatic fuel (and sometimes ash) handli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Japanese Clothing
There are typically two types of clothing worn in Japan: traditional clothing known as , including the national dress of Japan, the kimono, and which encompasses all else not recognised as either national dress or the dress of another country. Traditional Japanese fashion represents a long-standing history of traditional culture, encompassing colour palettes developed in the Heian period, silhouettes adopted from Tang dynasty clothing and cultural traditions, motifs taken from Japanese culture, nature and traditional literature, the use of types of silk for some clothing, and styles of wearing primarily fully-developed by the end of the Edo period. The most well-known form of traditional Japanese fashion is the kimono, with the term ''kimono'' translating literally as "something to wear" or "thing worn on the shoulders".Assmann, Stephanie. "Between Tradition and Innovation: The Reinvention of the Kimono in Japanese Consumer Culture." ''Fashion Theory: The Journal of Dress, Body & ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
