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ⱡ
L with double bar (Ⱡ ⱡ) is an additional letter used in the writing of the Kutenai language in Canada and some Chimbu–Wahgi languages like the Melpa and Nii languages in Papua New Guinea, composed of an L with two horizontal bars. Usage Ⱡ is used in Kutenai to represent the voiceless alveolar lateral fricative . In practical usage, it is commonly replaced with the doubly barred vertical pipe . Ⱡ was initially used as an alternative to belted l , mostly in handwriting and was preferred by Kutenai-language teachers in the 1990s. Ⱡ is used in Melpa and Nii to represent the voiceless velar lateral fricative . Ⱡ replaced l with bar in Nii from 1980-1990s. Computing codese L with double bar can be represented with the following Unicode characters: See also * Bar (diacritic) A bar or stroke is a modification consisting of a line drawn through a grapheme. It may be used as a diacritic to derive new letters from old ones, or simply as an addition to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kutenai Language
The Kutenai language ( ), also Kootenai, Kootenay, Ktunaxa, and Ksanka, is the native language of the Kutenai people of Montana and Idaho in the United States and British Columbia in Canada. It is typically considered a language isolate, unrelated to the Salishan family of languages spoken by neighboring tribes on the coast and in the interior Plateau. The Kutenai also use , Ktunaxa Sign Language. Classification Kutenai is typically considered a language isolate. There have been attempts to place Kutenai in either a Macro- Algonquian or Macro- Salishan language family, most recently with Salish, but these claims are not generally accepted. Typology Like other languages in the area, Kutenai has a rich inventory of consonants and a small inventory of vowels, though there are allophones of the three basic phonemic vowels. The lack of a phonemic distinction between voiced and voiceless consonants is much as in other languages of the area. Because Kutenai is on the periphery of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melpa Language
Melpa (Medlpa, Mbowamb) is a Papuan language spoken by about 130,000 people predominantly in Mount Hagen and the surrounding district of Western Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea. Melpa is a Pandanus language used during karuka harvest. Melpa has a voiceless velar lateral fricative, written as a double-barred el ( Ⱡ, ⱡ). Melpa is notable for its binary counting system. A dictionary of Melpa has been compiled by Stewart, Strathern and Trantow (2011). Phonology Consonants Vowels Numeral system Media Temboka, a dialect of Melpa, is the native language of the Ganiga tribe, who featured prominently in the Highlands Trilogy of documentaries by Robin Anderson and Bob Connolly Bob Connolly is an Australian film director, cinematographer and author. He is best known for his documentaries produced over the past 30 years, including ''First Contact (1983 film), The Highlands Trilogy'' and ''Rats in the Ranks'', most of t ... ('' First Contact'', ''Joe Leahy's Neighbours ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voiceless Velar Lateral Fricative
The voiceless velar lateral fricative is a rare speech sound. As one element of an affricate, it is found for example in Zulu and Xhosa (see velar lateral ejective affricate). However, a simple fricative has only been reported from a few languages in the Caucasus and New Guinea. Archi, a Northeast Caucasian language of Dagestan, has four voiceless velar lateral fricatives: plain , labialized , fortis , and labialized fortis . Although clearly fricatives, these are further forward than velars in most languages, and might better be called ''prevelar''. Archi also has a voiced fricative, as well as a voiceless In linguistics, voicelessness is the property of sounds being pronounced without the larynx vibrating. Phonologically, it is a type of phonation, which contrasts with other states of the larynx, but some object that the word phonation implies v ... and several ejective lateral velar affricates, but no alveolar consonant, alveolar lateral fricatives or affricates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bar (diacritic)
A bar or stroke is a modification consisting of a line drawn through a grapheme. It may be used as a diacritic to derive new letters from old ones, or simply as an addition to make a grapheme more distinct from others. It can take the form of a vertical bar, slash, or crossbar. A stroke is sometimes drawn through the numerals 7 (horizontal overbar) and 0 (overstruck foreslash), to make them more distinguishable from the number 1 and the letter O, respectively. (In some typefaces, one or other or both of these characters are designed in these styles; they are not produced by overstrike or by combining diacritic. The normal way in most of Europe to write the number seven is with a bar. ) In medieval English scribal abbreviations, a stroke or bar was used to indicate abbreviation. For example, , the pound sign, is a stylised form of the letter (the letter with a cross bar). For the specific usages of various letters with bars and strokes, see their individual articles. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
𐌋
The Old Italic scripts are a family of ancient writing systems used in the Italian Peninsula between about 700 and 100 BC, for various languages spoken in that time and place. The most notable member is the Etruscan alphabet, which was the immediate ancestor of the Latin alphabet used by more than 100 languages today, including English. The runic alphabets used in Northern Europe are believed to have been separately derived from one of these alphabets by the 2nd century AD. Origins The Old Italic alphabets ultimately derive from the Phoenician alphabet, but the general consensus is that the Etruscan alphabet was imported from the Euboean Greek colonies of Cumae and Ischia (Pithekoūsai) situated in the Gulf of Naples in the 8th century BC; this Euboean alphabet is also called 'Cumaean' (after Cumae), or 'Chalcidian' (after its metropolis Chalcis). The Cumaean hypothesis is supported by the 1957–58 excavations of Veii by the British School at Rome, which found pieces of Gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
L With Bar
Ƚ (capital Ƚ, lower case ƚ) is a Latin letter L with a bar diacritic. It appears in the alphabet of the Venetian language, and in its capital form it is used in the Saanich orthography created by Dave Elliott in 1978. In Unicode, both the capital and lower case are in the Latin Extended-B block. The capital () is part of the "Additions for Sencoten" (Saanich), while the lower case () is noted as an "Americanist phonetic usage" as an alternative to , the voiceless alveolar lateral fricative. See also *Bar (diacritic) A bar or stroke is a modification consisting of a line drawn through a grapheme. It may be used as a diacritic to derive new letters from old ones, or simply as an addition to make a grapheme more distinct from others. It can take the form of a ... * Ł (similar letter) References Latin-script letters {{Latin-script-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voiceless Dental And Alveolar Lateral Fricatives
The voiceless alveolar lateral fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents voiceless dental, alveolar, and postalveolar lateral fricatives is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is K. The symbol is called "belted l" and is distinct from "l with tilde", , which transcribes a different soundthe velarized (or pharynɡealized) alveolar lateral approximant, often called "dark L". Some scholars also posit the voiceless alveolar lateral approximant distinct from the fricative. More recent research distinguishes between "turbulent" and "laminar" airflow in the vocal tract. Ball & Rahilly (1999) state that "the airflow for voiced approximants remains laminar (smooth), and does not become turbulent". The approximant may be represented in the IPA as . In Sino-Tibetan language group, argue that Burmese and Standard Tibetan have voiceless lateral approximants and Li Fang-Kuei & Wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia. It has Indonesia–Papua New Guinea border, a land border with Indonesia to the west and neighbours Australia to the south and the Solomon Islands to the east. Its capital, on its southern coast, is Port Moresby. The country is the world's third largest list of island countries, island country, with an area of . The nation was split in the 1880s between German New Guinea in the North and the Territory of Papua, British Territory of Papua in the South, the latter of which was ceded to Australia in 1902. All of present-day Papua New Guinea came under Australian control following World War I, with the legally distinct Territory of New Guinea being established out of the former German colony as a League of Nations mandate. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chimbu–Wahgi Languages
The Chimbu–Wahgi languages are a language family of New Guinea. They are sometimes included in the Trans–New Guinea proposal; Usher links them with the Engan languages in a ''Central New Guinea Highlands'' family. Languages There is little doubt that the Chimbu–Wahgi family is valid. The languages are:Usher, TimothySimbu-Western Highlands ''New Guinea World''. *Chimbu–Wahgi family **Chimbu (Simbu) branch *** Kuman (Chimbu) *** Chuave *** Nomane *** Golin– Dom *** Salt-Yui *** Sinasina **Western Highlands *** Jimi River **** Maring **** Narak– Kandawo *** Wahgi Valley **** Nii **** Wahgi **** North Wahgi (= Yu We?) ***Mount Hagen **** Melpa (Medlpa) **** Kaugel River ***** Imbo Ungu ***** Umbu-Ungu ***** Mbo-Ung (Bo-Ung) Phonology Several of the Chimbu–Wahgi languages have uncommon lateral consonants: see Nii, Wahgi, and Kuman for examples. Chimbu–Wahgi languages have contrastive tone. Pronouns The singular pronouns are: : Dual *-l and plu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lambda
Lambda (; uppercase , lowercase ; , ''lám(b)da'') is the eleventh letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the voiced alveolar lateral approximant . In the system of Greek numerals, lambda has a value of 30. Lambda is derived from the Phoenician Lamed. Lambda gave rise to the Latin L and the Cyrillic El (Л). The ancient grammarians and dramatists give evidence to the pronunciation as () in Classical Greek times. In Modern Greek, the name of the letter, Λάμδα, is pronounced . In early Greek alphabets, the shape and orientation of lambda varied. Most variants consisted of two straight strokes, one longer than the other, connected at their ends. The angle might be in the upper-left, lower-left ("Western" alphabets) or top ("Eastern" alphabets). Other variants had a vertical line with a horizontal or sloped stroke running to the right. With the general adoption of the Ionic alphabet, Greek settled on an angle at the top; the Romans put the angle at the lower-left. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nii Language
Nii is a Trans–New Guinea language of the Chimbu–Wahgi branch spoken in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. Nii has an unusual number of lateral consonant A lateral is a consonant in which the airstream proceeds along one or both of the sides of the tongue, but it is blocked by the tongue from going through the middle of the mouth. An example of a lateral consonant is the English ''L'', as in ''L ...s: a typical alveolar flap, , plus both dental and velar lateral fricatives, and , which are voiced between vowels and do not occur in initial position.Stucky, Alfred; Stucky, Dellene (1973).Nii phonology. In Alan Healey (ed.), Studies In languages of the Ok family, 37-78. Workpapers In Papua New Guinea Languages, 2. Ukarumpa: Summer Institute of Linguistics. Phonology Vowels Consonants :* is evidently before a consonant :** is before /r/; in word-final position this sequence becomes ~ . :*** may have a vocoid release at the end of a syllable before a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoenician Lamedh
Phoenician may refer to: * Phoenicia, an ancient civilization * Phoenician alphabet **Phoenician (Unicode block) * Phoenicianism, a form of Lebanese nationalism * Phoenician language * List of Phoenician cities See also * Phoenix (mythology) * Phoenix (other) * Phoenicia (other) Phoenicia, or Phœnicia, was an ancient civilization in the north of Canaan in parts of Lebanon, Syria, and Palestine. Phoenicia may also refer to: Historical places *Phoenice (Roman province), a province of the Roman Empire encompassing the reg ... * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
