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‘Asim
Abu Bakr ‘Aasim Ibn Abi al-Najud al-'Asadi (died 745 CE / 127 AH),Shady Hekmat NasserIbn Mujahid and the Canonization of the Seven Readings p. 57. Taken from ''The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qur'an: The Problem of Tawaatur and the Emergence of Shawaadhdh''. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 2012. Muhammad Ghoniem and MSM SaifullahThe Ten Readers & Their Transmitters (c) Islamic Awareness. Updated January 8, 2002; accessed April 11, 2016. commonly known as ‘Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud, was, according to Islamic tradition, one of the seven primary transmitters of the Qira'at, or variant readings of the Qur'an. Of Arab origin, his method of reciting the Qur'an as transmitted by Hafs is the most common and popular way of reciting the holy book in the Muslim world in general.Bewley, Aishah"The Seven Qira'at of the Qur'an", ''Aisha Bewley's Islamic Home Page'' Though he lived much of his life in Kufa, he was associated with Banu Asad ibn Khuzaymah due to a pact. His fellow rec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qira'at
In Islam, (pl. ; ) refers to the ways or fashions that the Quran, the holy book of Islam, is recited. More technically, the term designates the different linguistic, lexical, phonetic, morphological and syntactical forms permitted with reciting the Quran. Differences between include varying rules regarding the prolongation, intonation, and pronunciation of words, but also differences in stops, vowels, consonants (leading to different pronouns and verb forms), entire words and even different meanings. However, the variations don't change the overall message or doctrinal meanings of the Qur'an, as the differences are often subtle and contextually equivalent. also refers to the branch of Islamic studies that deals with these modes of recitation. There are ten recognised schools of , each one deriving its name from a noted Quran reciter or "reader" ( pl. or ), such as Nafi‘ al-Madani, Ibn Kathir al-Makki, Abu Amr of Basra, Ibn Amir ad-Dimashqi, Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qur'an
The Quran, also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God ('' Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which consist of individual verses ('). Besides its religious significance, it is widely regarded as the finest work in Arabic literature, and has significantly influenced the Arabic language. It is the object of a modern field of academic research known as Quranic studies. Muslims believe the Quran was orally revealed by God to the final Islamic prophet Muhammad through the angel Gabriel incrementally over a period of some 23 years, beginning on the Laylat al-Qadr, when Muhammad was 40, and concluding in 632, the year of his death. Muslims regard the Quran as Muhammad's most important miracle, a proof of his prophethood, and the culmination of a series of divine messages starting with those revealed to the first Islamic prophet Adam, including the holy books of the Torah, Psalms, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Abd Al-Rahman Abd Allah Ibn Habib Al-Sulami
Abū ‘Abd al-Raḥmān ‘Abd Allāh ibn Ḥabīb ibn Rabī‘ah al-Sulamī () was a blind ḥadīth narrator and qāriʾ (Qur’ān reciter) born during the lifetime of the Islamic prophet Muḥammad. His father, Ḥabīb ibn Rabī‘ah As-Sulamī, was a companion of Muḥammad. Abū ‘Abdir-Raḥmān As-Sulamī is thought to have died in either or , in Bishr ibn Marwān province in Al-Kūfah.تهذيب الكمال للمزي » عَبْد اللَّهِ بن حبيب بن ربيعة نسخة محفوظة 13 مارس 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين Abū ‘Abdir-Raḥmān was known to have discussed the Qur’ān with Tajwīd, an ability he gained from ‘Uthmān, ‘Alī, Zaid ibn Thābit, Abdullāh ibn Mas‘ūd, and Ubayy ibn Ka‘b. He taught ‘Aṣim ibn Abin-Najūd, Yaḥyā ibn Wathāb, ‘Aṭā’ ibn As-Sā’ib, Abdullāh ibn ‘Īsā ibn ‘Abdir-Raḥmān ibn Abī Lailā, Muḥammad ibn Abī Ayyūb, ‘Āmir Ash-Sha‘bī, and Ismā‘īl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huston Smith
Huston Cummings Smith (May 31, 1919 – December 30, 2016) was a scholar of religious studies in the United States, He authored at least thirteen books on world's religions and philosophy, and his book about comparative religion, ''The World's Religions'' (originally titled ''The Religions of Man'') sold over three million copies as of 2017. Born and raised in Suzhou, China, in an American Methodist missionary family, Smith moved back to the United States at the age of 17 and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1945 with a PhD in philosophy. He spent the majority of his academic career as a professor at Washington University in St. Louis (1947–1958), the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1958–1973) and Syracuse University (1973–1983). In 1983, he retired from Syracuse and moved to Berkeley, California, where he was a visiting professor of religious studies at the University of California, Berkeley, until his death. Early life On May 31, 1919, Huston Cummings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Baqarah
Al-Baqarah (, ; "The Heifer" or "The Cow"), also spelled as Al-Baqara, is the second and longest chapter (''surah'') of the Quran. It consists of 286 verses ('' āyāt'') which begin with the "'' muqatta'at''" letters ''alif'' ()'', lām'' ()'','' and ''mīm'' (). The Verse of Loan, the longest single verse, and the Throne Verse, the greatest verse, are in this chapter. The sūrah encompasses a variety of topics and contains several commands for Muslims such as enjoining fasting on the believer during the month of Ramadan; forbidding interest or usury (''riba''); and several other famous verses such as the final two verses, which came from the treasure under the Throne and the verse of no compulsion in religion. The sūrah addresses a wide variety of topics, including substantial amounts of law, and retells stories of Adam, Ibrahim (Abraham) and Mūsa (Moses). A major theme is guidance: urging the pagans ( Al-Mushrikeen) and the Jews of Medina to embrace Islam, and wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Fatiha
Al-Fatiha () is the first chapter () of the Quran. It consists of seven verses (') which consist of a prayer for guidance and mercy. Al-Fatiha is recited in Muslim obligatory and voluntary prayers, known as ''salah''. The primary literal meaning of the expression "Al-Fatiha" is "The Opener/The Key". Background The most commonly accepted view about the origins of the ''surah'' is the view of Ibn Abbas, among others, that Al-Fatiha is a Meccan ''surah'', although some believe that it is either a Medinan surah or was revealed in both Mecca and Medina. Most narrators recorded that al-Fātiḥah was the first complete Surah revealed to Muhammad. The name Al-Fatiha ("the Opener") could refer to the ''surah'' being the first in the Mus'hafs, the first to be recited in each '' rakat'' of ''salah'', or to the manner of its usage in many Islamic traditions as an opening prayer. The word itself comes from the root (ف ت ح), which means "to open, explain, disclose, conquer", etc. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Fatḥ
Al-Fath (, ; "The Victory") is the 48th chapter (surah) of the Qur'an with 29 verses ( ayat). The surah was revealed in Medina in the sixth year of the Hijrah, on the occasion of the Treaty of Hudaybiya between the Muslim city-state of Madinah and Makkan polytheists. It mentions this victory, then criticizes the attitudes of the hypocrites, continues with further promises to the Muslims, and ends by mentioning certain important virtues of the Muslim community. The chapter gets its name from the opening verse, which states "Indeed, We have granted you a clear triumph..." in direct reference to the Treaty which was signed through cooperation between the opposing forces and without bloodshed. The reason this treaty, and therefore chapter, is called a "clear triumph" is largely believed to be because of its peaceful nature. Summary *1-3 The victory (at Ḳhaibar) *4-7 The mighty God the comforter of true believers, but the punisher of hypocrites *8-10 Loyalty to Muhammad is loy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Shura
Ash-Shūrā (, ''al-shūrā'', "Council, Consultation") is the 42nd chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an (Q42) with 53 verses ( āyāt). Its title derives from the question of "shūrā" (''consultation'') referred to in Verse 38. The term appears only once in the Quranic text (at Q42:38). It has no pre-Quranic antecedent. Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is traditionally believed to be a Meccan surah, from the second Meccan period (615-619). Summary *1-3 The Almighty reveals his will to Muhammad *4 Angels intercede with God on behalf of sinful man *5 Muhammad not a steward over the idolaters *6 The Quran revealed in the Arabic language to warn Makkah *7-10 God the only helper, creator, and preserver, the all-knowing *11-13 Islam the religion of all the former prophets *14 Muhammad commanded to declare his faith in the Bible and Torah *15 Disputers with God shall be severely punished *16-17 God only knows the hour of the judgment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Aḥzāb
Al-Ahzab (, ; the confederates, George Sale translation or "the clans", "the coalition", or "the combined forces") is the 33rd chapter (''sūrah'') of the Quran (Q33) with 73 verses ('' āyāt''). The ''sūrah'' takes its name from the mention of the parties (''al-aḥzāb''), or confederates (an alliance among the Quraysh and other tribes), who fought the Muslims at the Battle of the Trench (5/627), also known as the Battle of the Parties and as the siege of Madinah. Summary *1-3 Muhammad to obey God rather than the unbelievers *4-5 Adopted sons not to be regarded as real sons by Muslims *6 Muhammad's wives the mothers of the faithful *7-8 The covenant of the prophets with God *9-11 God’s favour to the Muslims at the Ditch *12-15 The disaffected people of Madína rebuked *16-17 None can flee from God’s anger *18-20 The treachery of the hypocrites of Madína exposed *21 Muhammad an example to the faithful *22-24 Patient endurance of the believers at the Ditch *25 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Anbiyā'
Al-Anbiyaʼ (, ; "The Prophets") is the 21st chapter (sūrah) of the Quran with 112 verses ( āyāt). Its principal subject matter is prophets of the past, who also preached the same faith as Muhammad. Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (''asbāb al-nuzūl''), it is a "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, instead of later in Medina. It was revealed around 2–3 years before Hijrah, in a later stage of Muhammad preaching in Mecca. Summary *1-4 The judgment of careless and mocking Quraysh near *5 The Meccan people regard Muhammad as “a forger” *6 Former nations did not heed the miracles *7-8 The former prophets were but mortal men *9 God favors His prophets but judges infidels *10 The Quraysh mentioned in the Quran *11-15 The unbelieving cities and scoffers destroyed *16-17 The heavens and the earth not created in play *18 The truth must triumph *19-22 Angels serve God, therefore not to be worshipped *23 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Ḥijr
Al-Ḥijr () is the 15th ''sūrah'' ( chapter of the Quran). It has 99 āyāt (verses). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (''asbāb al-nuzūl''), it is an Meccan surah revealed during the mid period and received by Muhammad shortly after chapter 12, ''Yusuf'', during his last year in Mecca. Like other surahs of this period, it praises God. Parts of Q15:4-74 are preserved in the Ṣan‘ā’1 lower text. This surah takes its name from 80th verse (''āyah''), which refers to Mada'in Saleh, a pre-Islamic archaeological site, also called Hegra (from ) or al-Ḥijr (). Summary :1-3 Unbelievers will one day wish themselves Muslims :4-5 Every nation has its day of grace :6 Muhammad charged with demoniacal possession by the disbelievers (the Quraysh) :7 The unbelievers say a true prophet would have come with a company of angels :8 Angels are not sent to gratify curiosity, but to minister judgment :9 God the revealer and preserver of the Quran :1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
