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Геранёны
Hyeranyony (; ; ) is an agrotown in Iwye District, Grodno Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Hyeranyony selsoviet. It is located near the border with Lithuania and is known for the 16th-century Hieraniony Castle built by Albertas Goštautas. The village had a population of 1,278 in 2010. History In 1433, the settlement was granted by Lithuanian Duke Sigismund Kęstutaitis to Jonas Goštautas. In 1519, Albertas Goštautas built a new church. From 1538 to 1542, future Queen consort of Poland and Grand Duchess consort of Lithuania Barbara Radziwiłł lived in the town. In 1542, it passed to King Sigismund I the Old. Afterwards it was a royal town, administratively located in the Oszmiana County in the Vilnius Voivodeship of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Several assemblies of Lithuanian nobility were held in the town during the 1575 interregnum. In 1708, King Stanisław Leszczyński stayed in the town for several days. Gieranony, as it was known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gieraniony
Hyeranyony (; ; ) is an Agrotown (Belarus), agrotown in Iwye District, Grodno Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Hyeranyony selsoviet. It is located near the Belarus–Lithuania border, border with Lithuania and is known for the 16th-century Hieraniony Castle built by Albertas Goštautas. The village had a population of 1,278 in 2010. History In 1433, the settlement was granted by Lithuanian Duke Sigismund Kęstutaitis to Jonas Goštautas. In 1519, Albertas Goštautas built a new church. From 1538 to 1542, future Queen consort of Poland and Grand Duchess consort of Lithuania Barbara Radziwiłł lived in the town. In 1542, it passed to King Sigismund I the Old. Afterwards it was a Royal city in Poland, royal town, administratively located in the Oszmiana County in the Vilnius Voivodeship of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Several assemblies of Lithuanian nobility were held in the town during the 1575 interregnum. In 1708, King Stanisław Leszczyński s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hieraniony Castle
Hieraniony or Gieraniony Castle is a ruined castle near the village of Hieraniony in Iwye District, Belarus. It was constructed in the beginning of 16th century as the main residence of Albertas Goštautas, one of the most powerful noblemen in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Later it belonged to the Sapieha and Kiszka families. It was destroyed by the Russian army during the Russo-Polish War (1654–67) Armed conflicts between Poland (including the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland) and Russia (including the Soviet Union, the Russian Empire, the Tsardom of Russia and the Principality of Moscow) include: : .... In the early 19th century the castle, already considerably ruined, was mostly disassembled and the bricks were reused for buildings in the neighbouring towns. Earthworks survive, but are overgrown with trees. Both the castle and the church near it are Category II objects of national heritage. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agrotown (Belarus)
An agrotown (; ) is an official type of rural settlement in Belarus introduced by a law passed in 1998. The law defines agrotowns as well-developed rural settlements with industrial and social infrastructure to ensure social standards for population living there and in the surrounding areas. The law further says that if a ''selsoviet'' (rural council) has agrotowns, its administrative center must be in an agrotown. If there is more than one agrotown, the selsoviet center is assigned by the Districts of Belarus, District Council of Deputies. The Belarusian government launched the program "State program for the revival and development of rural areas, for years 2005-2010" (), which provided for the establishment of agrotowns. By the end of the time allotted for the program, i.e., by January 2011, 1,512 agrotowns were established in Belarus, with about 8,000 new houses built. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigismund I The Old
Sigismund I the Old (, ; 1 January 1467 – 1 April 1548) was List of Polish monarchs, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1506 until his death in 1548. Sigismund I was a member of the Jagiellonian dynasty, the son of Casimir IV of Poland, Casimir IV and younger brother of Kings John I Albert and Alexander I Jagiellon. He was nicknamed "the Old" in later historiography to distinguish him from his son and successor, Sigismund II Augustus. Before ascending to the Polish and Lithuanian thrones, he was Duke of Głogów from 1499, Duke of Opava from 1501, and governor of Silesia from 1504 on behalf of his brother, King Vladislaus II of Hungary, Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary. Sigismund was born in the town of Kozienice in 1467 as the fifth son of Casimir IV and his wife Elizabeth of Austria (1436–1505), Elizabeth of Austria. He was one of thirteen children and was not expected to assume the throne after his father. Sigismund's eldest brother and rightful heir Vladi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occupation Of Poland (1939–1945)
During World War II, Poland was occupied by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union following the invasion in September 1939, and it was formally concluded with the defeat of Germany by the Allies in May 1945. Throughout the entire course of the occupation, the territory of Poland was divided between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union (USSR), both of which intended to eradicate Poland's culture and subjugate its people. In the summer-autumn of 1941, the lands which were annexed by the Soviets were overrun by Germany in the course of the initially successful German attack on the USSR. After a few years of fighting, the Red Army drove the German forces out of the USSR and crossed into Poland from the rest of Central and Eastern Europe. Sociologist Tadeusz Piotrowski argues that both occupying powers were hostile to the existence of Poland's sovereignty, people, and the culture and aimed to destroy them. Before Operation Barbarossa, Germany and the Soviet Union coordinated th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Invasion Of Poland
The invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign, Polish Campaign, and Polish Defensive War of 1939 (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Second Polish Republic, Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic (1939–1945), Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of World War II. The German invasion began on 1 September 1939, one week after the signing of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact between Germany and the Soviet Union, and one day after the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union had approved the pact. The Soviet invasion of Poland, Soviets invaded Poland on 17 September. The campaign ended on 6 October with Germany and the Soviet Union dividing and annexing the whole of Poland under the terms of the German–Soviet Frontier Treaty. The aim of the invasion was to disestablish Poland as a sovereign country, with its citizens destined for The Holocaust, extermination. German and Field Army Bernolák, Slovak forces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish People
Polish people, or Poles, are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation who share a common History of Poland, history, Culture of Poland, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Central Europe. The preamble to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland defines the Polish nation as comprising all the citizenship, citizens of Poland, regardless of heritage or ethnicity. The majority of Poles adhere to Roman Catholicism. The population of self-declared Poles in Poland is estimated at 37,394,000 out of an overall population of 38,512,000 (based on the 2011 census), of whom 36,522,000 declared Polish alone. A wide-ranging Polish diaspora (the ''Polish diaspora, Polonia'') exists throughout Eurasia, the Americas, and Australasia. Today, the largest urban concentrations of Poles are within the Warsaw metropolitan area and the Katowice urban area. Ethnic Poles are considered to be the descendants of the ancient West Slavic Lechites and other tribes t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nowogródek Voivodeship (1919–1939)
Nowogródek Voivodeship () was a unit of administrative division of the Second Polish Republic between 1921 and 1939, with the capital in Nowogródek (now Navahrudak, Belarus). Following German and Soviet Union, Soviet Invasion of Poland (1939), Invasion of Poland of September 1939, Poland's borders Territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union, were redrawn in accordance with the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. The Nowogródek Voivodeship was incorporated into the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic in an atmosphere of terror, following Elections to the People's Assemblies of Western Ukraine and Western Belarus, staged elections. With the end of World War II, at the insistence of Joseph Stalin at the Tehran Conference of 1943, the area Territorial changes of Poland immediately after World War II, remained in Soviet hands, and the Polish population was soon Repatriation of Poles (1944–1946), forcibly resettled. Since 1991, most part of it belongs to the sovereign Republic of Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanisław Leszczyński
Stanisław I Leszczyński (Stanisław Bogusław; 20 October 1677 – 23 February 1766), also Anglicized and Latinized as Stanislaus I, was twice King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, and at various times Prince of Deux-Ponts, Duke of Bar and Duke of Lorraine. During the Great Northern War, multiple candidates had emerged after the death of John III Sobieski for the elective kingship of Poland (which also included the Grand Duchy of Lithuania as part of the Poland-Lithuanian Commonwealth). Backed by powerful neighbors in Russia and Austria, the Sejm elected Augustus the Strong, Elector of Saxony to succeed John III in 1697 as August II. Russia's primary antagonist in the Great Northern War, Sweden had supported Stanisław Leszczyński for the throne, and after defeating a combined army of Saxon and Polish-Lithuanian forces, deposed August II and installed Leszczyński as Stanisław I in 1704. In 1709, Charles XII of Sweden, Stanisław's main supporter, suffe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interregnum
An interregnum (plural interregna or interregnums) is a period of revolutionary breach of legal continuity, discontinuity or "gap" in a government, organization, or social order. Archetypally, it was the period of time between the reign of one monarch and the next (coming from Latin ''inter-'', "between" and ''rēgnum'', "reign" [from ''rex, rēgis'', "king"]), and the concepts of interregnum and Regent, regency therefore overlap. Historically, longer and heavier interregna have been typically accompanied by widespread unrest, Civil war, civil and War of succession, succession wars between warlords, and power vacuums filled by foreign invasions or the emergence of a new power. The term also refers to the periods between the election of a new parliament and the establishment of a new government from that parliament in parliamentary democracies, usually ones that employ some form of proportional representation that allows small parties to elect significant numbers, requiring time f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
