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Î’-Hydroxybutyric Acid
β-Hydroxybutyric acid, also known as 3-hydroxybutyric acid or BHB, is an organic compound and a beta hydroxy acid with the chemical formula CH3CH(OH)CH2CO2H; its conjugate base is β-hydroxybutyrate, also known as 3-hydroxybutyrate. β-Hydroxybutyric acid is a chiral compound with two enantiomers: D-β-hydroxybutyric acid and L-β-hydroxybutyric acid. Its oxidized and polymeric derivatives occur widely in nature. In humans, D-β-hydroxybutyric acid is one of two primary endogenous agonists of hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Biosynthesis In humans, can be synthesized in the liver via the metabolism of fatty acids (e.g., butyrate), , and ketogenic amino acids through a series of reactions that metabolize these compounds into acetoacetate, which is the first ketone body that is produced in the fasting state. The biosynthesis of from acetoacetate is catalyzed by the β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase enzyme. Butyrate can al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydroxybutyrate
Hydroxybutyric acid is a group of four-carbon organic compounds that have both hydroxyl and carboxylic acid functional groups. They can be viewed as derivatives of butyric acid. The carboxylate anion and the esters of hydroxybutyric acids are known as hydroxybutyrates. β-hydroxybutyric acid is relevant to human health as it is a member of a class of products of fatty acid oxidation referred to as ketone bodies. The isomers are distinguished by the distance between the two functional groups and the branching. * 2-Hydroxybutyric acid, ''alpha''-Hydroxybutyric acid (2-hydroxybutyric acid) * Beta-Hydroxybutyric acid, ''beta''-Hydroxybutyric acid (3-hydroxybutyric acid) * Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid, ''gamma''-Hydroxybutyric acid (4-hydroxybutyric acid, GHB) * 2-Hydroxyisobutyric acid, 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid * 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid, 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid See also * Beta-Hydroxy beta-methylbutyric acid, ''beta''-Hydroxy ''beta''-methylbutyric acid * Sodium oxybate References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |