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Šešuoliai
Šešuoliai is a small town in central Lithuania. It is located just east of the Lake Šešuoliai. According to the Lithuanian census of 2011, it had 138 residents. The town's central square and street layout is protected as an urban monument. Its alternate names include Šašuoliai, Šešuolių, Shesholi, Sheshuolyay, Sušuoliai, Szeszole, and Szeszole. History The town was first mentioned in the Chronicle of Hermann von Wartberge when it was attacked by the Livonian Order in 1334. Since the times of Grand Duke Vytautas, there was an estate, which became a property of Kristinas Astikas. Sometime before 1478, Šešuoliai passed to the Bishop of Vilnius. Bishop Walerian Protasewicz sponsored construction of a Catholic church and establishment of a parish. Protasewicz also directed the priests to open a parish school, but it is known only from 1777. The settlement grew into a town and center of a volost. The town burned down in 1656 during the Russo-Polish War. Šešuoliai recove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Towns In Lithuania
Towns in Lithuania (singular: , as diminutive of ''miestas'') retain their historical distinctiveness even though for statistical purposes they are counted together with villages. At the time of the census in 2001, there were 103 cities, 244 towns, and some 21,000 villages in Lithuania. Since then three cities ( Juodupė, Kulautuva, and Tyruliai) and two villages ( Salakas and Jūrė) became towns. Therefore, during the Lithuanian census of 2011, there were 249 towns in Lithuania. According to Lithuanian law, a town is a compactly-built settlement with a population of 500–3,000 and at least half of the population works in economic sectors other than agriculture. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elderships Of Lithuania
A ''seniūnija'' (in English: eldership, elderate, ward, parish, or subdistrict) is the smallest Subdivisions of Lithuania, administrative division of Lithuania. An eldership may comprise a very small region consisting of few villages, one single town, or a part of a big city. Elderships vary in size and population depending on their location and nature. A few elderships make up a municipality. Šilainiai, Dainava (Kaunas), Dainava, Verkiai, Žirmūnai and Pašilaičiai are the most populous elderates, with population counts over , around twice the population of some entire municipalities. Elderships manage small-scale local matters, such as repairing pavements and dirt roads, and keep records on all families living in the eldership. The premise of the concept is that — unlike in higher administrative divisions — an Elder (administrative title), elder (the leader of the eldership) could have time to talk to every person in the eldership who wants to. Modern Lit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walerian Protasewicz
Walerian Protasewicz (also: Protaszewicz-Szuszkowski, ; – 31 December 1579 in Vilnius) was bishop of Lutsk (1549–1555) and Vilnius (1555–1579). Born to a family of petty Ruthenian nobles (''szlachta''), Protasewicz worked as a scribe, notary, and secretary at the chancellery of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania until his appointment of bishop. He was politically active and was one of the lead Lithuanian negotiators for the Union of Lublin in 1569. He neglected religious matters and allowed the Reformation to spread. In the last decade of his life, he invited the Jesuits to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and funded the Jesuit college in Vilnius. He obtained papal and royal privileges to convert the college into Vilnius University in 1579. He donated his personal library to what became the Vilnius University Library. The university soon became a spiritual and cultural center of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania as well as the major center of the Counter-Reformation. Early life Protasewi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counties Of Lithuania
The territory of Lithuania is divided into 10 counties ( Lithuanian: singular ''apskritis'', plural ''apskritys''), all named after their capitals. The counties are divided into 60 municipalities (Lithuanian: singular ''savivaldybė'', plural ''savivaldybės''): 9 city municipalities, 43 district municipalities and 8 municipalities. Each municipality is then divided into elderates (Lithuanian: singular ''seniūnija'', plural ''seniūnijos''). This division was created in 1994 and slightly modified in 2000. Until 2010, the counties were administered by county governors (Lithuanian: singular – ''apskrities viršininkas'', plural – ''apskrities viršininkai'') appointed by the central government in Vilnius. Their primary duty was to ensure that the municipalities obey the laws and the Constitution of Lithuania. They did not have great powers vested in them, and so it was suggested that 10 counties are too much for Lithuania as the two smallest counties administer only four ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Vilnius
Bishops of Vilnius diocese from 1388 and archdiocese (archdiocese of Vilnius) from 1925:"Archdiocese of Vilnius" ''Catholic-Hierarchy.org''. David M. Cheney. Retrieved September 11, 2016"Metropolitan Archdiocese of Vilnius" ''GCatholic.org''. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved September 11, 2016 Auxiliary bishops *Cyprian Wiliński (Wiliski), Order of Preachers, O.P. (3 Mar 1572 – 1594) *Nicolas Pac (Mikalojus Pacas)(Mikołaj Pac) (9 Sep 1602 – 29 Mar 1610) *Abraham Wojna (Abraomas Voina) (25 May 1611 – 20 Jul 1626 Appointed, Bishop of Žemaičiai) *Jerzy Tyszkiewicz (Jurgis Tiškevičius) (17 May 1627 – 19 Dec 16 ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Towns In Vilnius County
A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city. The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative status, or historical significance. In some regions, towns are formally defined by legal charters or government designations, while in others, the term is used informally. Towns typically feature centralized services, infrastructure, and governance, such as municipal authorities, and serve as hubs for commerce, education, and cultural activities within their regions. The concept of a town varies culturally and legally. For example, in the United Kingdom, a town may historically derive its status from a market town designation or City status in the United Kingdom, royal charter, while in the United States, the term is often loosely applied to incorporated municipality, municipalities. In some countries, such as Australia and Canada, distinction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shtetl
or ( ; , ; Grammatical number#Overview, pl. ''shtetelekh'') is a Yiddish term for small towns with predominantly Ashkenazi Jews, Ashkenazi Jewish populations which Eastern European Jewry, existed in Eastern Europe before the Holocaust. The term is used in the context of former Eastern European Jewish societies as mandated islands within the surrounding non-Jewish populace, and thus bears certain connotations of discrimination.Marie Schumacher-Brunhes"Shtetl" ''European History Online'', published July 3, 2015 (or , , or ) were mainly found in the areas that constituted the 19th-century Pale of Settlement in the Russian Empire (constituting modern-day Belarus, Lithuania, Moldova, Ukraine, Poland, Latvia and Russia), as well as in Congress Poland, Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Austrian Galicia and Duchy of Bukovina, Bukovina, the Kingdom of Romania and the Kingdom of Hungary. In Yiddish, a larger city, like Lviv or Chernivtsi, is called a (), and a village is called a ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Želva
Želva is a town in Ukmergė district municipality, Vilnius County, east Lithuania. According to the Lithuanian census of 2011, the town has a population of 457 people. History The town has a Catholic church and a synagogue. Želva is the birthplace of Nobel Prize in Chemistry winner Aaron Klug. On July 26 and 27, 1941, the Jews of the town were murdered in a mass execution perpetrated by an Einsatzgruppen (, ; also 'task forces') were (SS) paramilitary death squads of Nazi Germany that were responsible for mass murder, primarily by shooting, during World War II (1939–1945) in German-occupied Europe. The had an integral role in the imp ... and local Lithuanian collaborators. 60 people were killed. See also * Pazelva, former village near Želva References Towns in Vilnius County Towns in Lithuania Vilkomirsky Uyezd Holocaust locations in Lithuania Ukmergė District Municipality {{VilniusCounty-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jonas Variakojis
Jonas Variakojis (May 5, 1892 near , then the Kaunas Governorate, Russian Empire – October 31, 1963 in St. Charles, Illinois, United States) was a Lithuanian army officer. Early life Variakojis finished the in 1913 and later studied law at the University of St. Petersburg. World War I Variakojis finished studying at the Vladimir Military School in 1917 and he was mobilized into the Imperial Russian Army, being sent to the Austrian front on the Eastern Front during World War I. Lithuanian Wars of Independence In December 1918 he returned to Lithuania and joined the newly organized Lithuanian army, which was preparing to defend Lithuania against the Red Army during the Lithuanian–Soviet War. Variakojis was ordered to organize the Panevėžys Region Defence Unit (), which later became the 4th Infantry Regiment. On February 7, 1919, he led the first Lithuanian battles against the Soviets near Kėdainiai. The Soviet advance was stopped, preventing them from capturing Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russo-Polish War (1654–67)
Armed conflicts between Poland (including the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland) and Russia (including the Soviet Union, the Russian Empire, the Tsardom of Russia and the Principality of Moscow) include: : : : *e.g. result unknown or indecisive/inconclusive, result of internal conflict inside Poland or Russia in which the other intervened, ''status quo ante bellum'', or a treaty or peace without a clear result. Piast Poland versus Kievan Rus' Crown of the Kingdom of Poland versus Principality of Moscow Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth versus Tsarist Russia Polish states and rebels versus Russian Empire Second Polish Republic versus Soviet Union See also * Hungarian Revolution of 1848 * Baikal Insurrection * War of the Fourth Coalition * Civil war in Poland (1704–1706) * War of the Polish Succession * Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1953) * Polish October * Martial law in Poland * * List of wars and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volost
Volost (; ; ) was a traditional administrative subdivision in Kievan Rus', the Grand Duchy of Moscow, and the Russian Empire. History The '' Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary'' (1890–1907) states that the origins of the concept is unclear; whether it originally referred to an administrative subdivision or to a peasant '' obshchina'', the term referring to a territory under a single rule. In earlier East Slavic history, in the lands of Ruthenia, '' volost'' was a name for the territory ruled by the knyaz, a principality; either as an absolute ruler or with varying degree of autonomy from the ''Velikiy Knyaz'' ( Grand Prince). Starting from the end of the 14th century, ''volost'' was a unit of administrative division in Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Poland, Muscovy, lands of modern Latvia and Ukraine. Since about the 16th century it was a part of provincial districts that were called " uezd" in Muscovy and the later Russian Empire. Each uezd had several volosts that were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
