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Ōnakatomi No Kiyomaro
was a Japanese noble of the Nara period. Born the seventh son of the ''chūnagon'' Nakatomi no Omimaro of the Nakatomi clan, he changed his name and founded the Ōnakatomi clan. He reached the court rank of and the position of ''udaijin''. Life After passing through a variety of inspector-level positions, Kiyomaro was in 743 promoted to assistant director of the ''Jingi-kan'' and granted the rank of . In 747, in the last days of the court of Emperor Shōmu, he was moved to a regional position as governor of Owari Province. In 751, though, the new Empress Kōken promoted Kiyomaro to , and in 754 he was restored to his position in the ''Jingi-kan'' and subsequently given the position of in the ''Daijō-kan''. Under the administration of Fujiwara no Nakamaro, Kiyomaro advanced steadily. He was promoted to in 757, in 759. In 762 he rose to , and at the end of the year Kiyomaro was promoted to '' sangi'', joining the ranks of the ''kugyō'' along with Nakamaro's sons Kusum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kikuchi Yōsai
, also known as Kikuchi Takeyasu and Kawahara Ryōhei, was a Japanese people, Japanese painter most famous for his monochrome portraits of historical figures. Biography The son of a samurai named Kawahara of Edo, he was adopted by a family named Kikuchi (surname), Kikuchi. When eighteen, he became a pupil of Takata Enjō; but, after studying the principles of the Kanō school, Kanō, Shijō school, Shijō, and Maruyama schools, perhaps, under Ozui, a son of Maruyama Ōkyo, Ōkyo, he developed an independent style, having some affinities with that of Tani Bunchō. His illustrated history of Japanese heroes, the ''Zenken Kojitsu'', is a remarkable specimen of his skill as a draughtsman in monochrome ink. In order to produce this work, and his many other portraits of historical figures, he performed extensive historical, and even archaeological, research. ''Zenken Kojitsu'' features over 500 major figures in Japanese history, and was originally printed as a series of ten woodbl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kugyō
is the collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras. The term generally referred to the and court officials and denoted a court rank between First Rank and Third Rank under the '' Ritsuryō'' system, as opposed to the lower court nobility, thus being the collective term for the upper court nobility. However, later on some holders of the Fourth Rank were also included. In 1869, following the Meiji Restoration, the court nobility and daimyo were merged into a new peerage, the '' kazoku''. Overview The ''kugyō'' generally refers to two groups of court officials: * the ''Kō'' (公), comprising the Chancellor of the Realm, the Minister of the Left, and the Minister of the Right; and * the ''Kei'' (卿), comprising the Major Counsellor, the Middle Counsellor, and the Associate Counselors, who held the court rank of Third Rank or higher. History The ''kugyō'' originated from the Three Lords a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
788 Deaths
__NOTOC__ Year 788 ( DCCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 788th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 788th year of the 1st millennium, the 88th year of the 8th century, and the 9th year of the 780s decade. The denomination 788 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Byzantine Empire * September – Battle of Kopidnadon: An Abbasid expeditionary force crosses the Cilician Gates into the Anatolic Theme (modern Turkey).. It is confronted by two Byzantine armies at Podandos in Cappadocia, who are defeated. * Byzantine troops led by Adalgis, son of former Lombard king Desiderius, invade southern Italy. His attempts are thwarted by the Franks, who attack territories in Benevento, obtaining notably the annexion of Chieti (Spoleto). Europe * King Charlemagne conquers Bavaria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
702 Births
__NOTOC__ Year 702 ( DCCII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar, the 702nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 702nd year of the 1st millennium, the 2nd year of the 8th century, and the 3rd year of the 700s decade. The denomination 702 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Europe * Hedan II, duke of Thuringia, completes the circular Marienkirche, in Fortress Marienberg near Würzburg (Germany). Arabian Empire * Arab conquest of Armenia: Large-scale Armenian rebellion against Muslim rule breaks out, with Byzantine support. * Muslim-Arabs under Musa ibn Nusayr conquer Tangier and Sous, taking control of all Morocco (approximate date). * Ethiopian ( Axumite) raiders occupy the port of Jeddah (modern Saudi Arabia). Mesoamerica * February 20 – Kʼinich Kan Bahlam II, ruler (' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Man'yōshū
The is the oldest extant collection of Japanese (poetry in Classical Japanese), compiled sometime after AD 759 during the Nara period. The anthology is one of the most revered of Japan's poetic compilations. The compiler, or the last in a series of compilers, is today widely believed to be Ōtomo no Yakamochi, although numerous other theories have been proposed. The chronologically last datable poem in the collection is from AD 759 ( 4516). It contains many poems from a much earlier period, with the bulk of the collection representing the period between AD 600 and 759. The precise significance of the title is not known with certainty. The comprises more than 4,500 poems in 20 volumes, and is broadly divided into three genres: , songs at banquets and trips; , songs about love between men and women; and , songs to mourn the death of people. These songs were written by people of various statuses, such as the Emperor, aristocrats, junior officials, soldiers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kibi No Makibi
was a Japanese scholar and noble during the Nara period. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Kibi no Makibi"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 512. Also known as . Early life Kibi no Makibi was born in Shimotsumichi County, Bitchu Province (present-day Kurashiki, Okayama Prefecture) as ''Shimotsumichi-no Asomi Makibi'', as a son of Shimotsumichi-no Asomi Kunikatsu. Shimotsumichi clan was a line of local elites and came from the greater Kibi clan. Kibi was also the ancient name of area he came from ( Kibi Province), which encompassed Bitchu, Bizen, Bingo and Mimasaka Provinces. Career In 717-718, Kibi was part of the Japanese mission to Tang China (''Kentōshi'') with Abe no Nakamaro and Genbō. Kibi stayed in China for 17 years before returning to Japan. He is credited with bringing back a number of things, introducing to Japan the game of '' go'' and the art of embroidery. In 737, he received promotion to the junior fifth rank. His influence at court triggered the Fujiwara no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Nagate
was a Japanese court noble and statesman of the Nara period. He was the second son of the founder of the Hokke House of the Fujiwara clan, the '' sangi'' Fujiwara no Fusasaki. He achieved the court rank of Senior First Rank and the position of Minister of the Left, and posthumously of Chancellor of the Realm. He was also known as . Life With the early death of his older brother Fujiwara no Torikai, Nagate became the effective leader of the Hokke. In 737, he was promoted from to , but the emperor of the time, Shōmu, favored Nagate's younger brother Yatsuka. Nagate was not promoted again until 749, immediately before the emperor's abdication, when he gained the rank of . He was more highly valued in the court of the new ruler Empress Kōken, where he was promoted to in 750 and again in 754 to , marking him among the ranks of the ''kugyō''. Immediately after the death of ex-emperor Shōmu in 756, Nagate was promoted directly to ''chūnagon'', skipping ''sangi'' entire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sadaijin
The ''Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary'', Kenkyusha Limited, was a government position in Japan during the Asuka to Meiji era. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the ''Sadaijin'' in the context of a central administrative body called the . This early ''Daijō-kan'' was composed of the three ministers—the , the ''Sadaijin'' and the .Hall, John Whitney ''et al.'' (1993)''The Cambridge History of Japan'', p. 232./ref> The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. When the Emperor and the nobility held real power, the ''Sadaijin'' was the highest permanent position in the ''Daijō-kan'', the central organ of the state. The higher-ranking Daijō-daijin'' was not a permanent position, but was only appointed when a suitable person was found.Hayashi Gahō">iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652">Hayashi_Gahō.html" ;"title="iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō">iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652 ''Nipon o daï itsi ran''; ou''Annales d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dainagon
was a counselor of the first rank in the Imperial court of Japan. The role dates from the 7th century. This advisory position remained a part of the Imperial court from the 8th century until the Meiji period in the 19th century.Nussbaum, "Dainagon" in . The post was created in 702 by the Taihō Code, and evolved out of the earlier post ''Oimonomōsu-tsukasa''. Holders of the office were of the Senior Third Rank. They assisted the Minister of the Left (the ''Sadaijin'') and the Minister of the Right (the ''Udaijin''). By the mid-17th century, the ''Dainagon'' counselor or state, was expected to work closely the ''Naidaijin, Minister of the Center'' (the ''Naidaijin''), whose position ranked just below the ''Udaijin'' and the ''Sadaijin.'' This court position evolved to ensure that someone will be always prepared to replace or assist the main court officials if, for any reason, it should be impossible for one of the two senior counselors to devote himself to his duties and respo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Kanmu
, or Kammu, was the 50th emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 桓武天皇 (50) retrieved 2013-8-22. according to the traditional order of succession. Kammu reigned from 781 to 806, and it was during his reign that the scope of the emperor's powers reached its peak. His reign saw the transition from the Nara period to the Heian period. Traditional narrative Kammu's personal name ('' imina'') was .Brown, p. 277 He was the eldest son of Prince Shirakabe (later known as Emperor Kōnin), and was born prior to Shirakabe's ascension to the throne. According to the , Yamabe's mother, Yamato no Niigasa (later called Taka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ason
was a hereditary noble title in Japan, used mainly between the Asuka and Heian periods. At first, it was the second highest, below '' Mahito'', which was given to members of the Imperial family, but after the Heian period it became the highest of the eight noble titles: ''Ason, Mahito, Sukune, Imiki, Michinoshi, Omi, Muraji'', and '' Inagi.'' History The title was created as a part of the eight-''kabane'' system, proclaimed in 684 during Emperor Tenmu's reign, as its second highest rank. As such, ''Asomi'' was initially given to the highest-ranked noble clans whose genealogical origins were often claimed back to imperial princes. Although the clans closest to the Imperial House, that is, descendants of Emperor Keitai, were intended to be promoted to ''Mahito'', the first rank in the original eight ''kabane'' system, this fell out of favor with the nobility. In 802, Prince Yasuyo, a son of Emperor Kammu was designated Yoshimine no Ason Yasuyo, an indication that he had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Kōnin
was the 49th emperor of Japan, Emperor Kōnin, Tahara no Higashi Imperial Mausoleum, Imperial Household Agency according to the traditional order of succession. Kōnin's reign lasted from 770 to 781. Traditional narrative The personal name of Emperor Kōnin (''imina'') was . As a son of Imperial Prince Shiki and a grandson of Emperor Tenji, his formal style was Prince Shirakabe. Initially, he was not in line for succession, as Emperor Tenmu and his branch held the throne. He married Imperial Princess Inoe, a daughter of Emperor Shōmu, producing a daughter and a son. After his sister-in-law Empress Shōtoku died, he was named her heir. The high courtiers claimed the empress had left her will in a letter in which she had appointed him as her successor. Prior to this, he had been considered a gentle man without political ambition. Kōnin had five wives and seven Imperial sons and daughters. Brown and Ishida, p. 277. Emperor Kōnin is traditionally venerated at his tomb; the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
